Lesson 3: Purposeful Writing in The Disciplines and For Professions

Lesson 3
Purposeful Writing in
the Disciplines and for
Professions
Fisher and Frey (2008)
Students of the 21 century must be
st
able to locate, understand, evaluate,

and use written information in their
personal and academic lives.
PURPOSE: A Crucial Consideration in
Academic and Professional Writing
Every time you engage in writing whether

it is for academic purposes or for the
professional field, it is a requirement that
you identify first your purpose.
The objective of your writing would

define the contents, the organization,
level of vocabulary, the language use and
even format of your written output.
“The writer must decide what the specific

purpose of his report is and make sure
that every part of his report contributes to
that purpose”, Mills and Walter (1978)
“Does the final output realizes my

objective in writing?”
FEATRES OF TEXTS ACROSS
DISCIPLINE
1. Book Review or Article Critique

2. Literature Review
BOOK REVIEW OR
ARTICLE CRITIQUE
It is a form of literacy criticism in which a

book or article is analysed in terms of its
content, style, and merit
BOOK REVIEW OR
ARTICLE CRITIQUE
The length of the review may vary from a
single paragraph to a complete essay
which uses the personal preferences of the
writer.
BOOK REVIEW OR
ARTICLE CRITIQUE
Three things in preparing a book review:
1. Describes
2. Analyzes
3. Evaluates
BOOK REVIEW OR
ARTICLE CRITIQUE
In writing a book review or article critique,
there are things which you have to consider:
1. Before Reading
2. During reading
3. Writing Review
BEFORE READING
1. TITLE
a. what does it suggest?
b. what is your knowledge about the title
BEFORE READING
2. PREFACE or INTRODUCTION
a. can you identify any limitations?
b. are there parts which the author
intentionally or unintentionally ignored?
BEFORE READING
3. TABLE OF CONTENTS
a. how the ideas organized?
b. what logical orders does it follow?
DURING READING
1. What is the genre or general field?
2. What is the author’s point of view?
3. Do you agree or disagree with it?
4. What passage or quotes can you later cite in
your review?
5. What is the author’s thesis statement or main
point?
DURING READING
6. What is the author’s style – formal or informal?

7. Is it suitable for the target reader?
8. Are the concepts well defined?
9. Is the language clear and convincing?
10. What areas are covered, not covered?
DURING READING
11. How accurate is the information?
12. Is the author’s concluding chapter or summary
convincing?
13. If there are footnotes, do they provide
important information?
14. Do they clarify or extend points made in the
text?
DURING READING
15. What did the book or article accomplish?

Compare this book or article to those written by
other authors.
WRITING THE REVIEW
1. Include the author, place, publisher,

publication date, edition, pages.
2. Provide a good opening statement.
3. Write review of the book or article. Is this
the best article or book? Why or why not?
WRITING THE REVIEW
4. Include information about the author –

reputation, qualifications, and etc.
5. Consider the target reader for your review.
Include information based on the needs of the
reader.
WRITING THE REVIEW
6. Provide a good conclusion. It could be a

final assessment of the review.
LITERATURE REVIEW
A literature review involves the

analysis of a story, or a fictitious
written text.
LITERATURE REVIEW
Three parts:
1. Introduction
2. Body
3. conclusion
LITERATURE REVIEW
In writing a literature review, the ff. elements should be considered:
1. What was the story about?
2. Who were the main characters?
3. Were the characters credible?
4. What did the main characters do in the story?
How did they contribute to the conflict in the
story?
LITERATURE REVIEW
5. What is the conflict in the story?
6. Could relate to any characters in the story?
7. Did you like the story?
8. What is your favourite part of the story?
9. If you were to write the ending of the story, how
would you do it?
LITERATURE REVIEW
10. Would you recommend this story to others?

Why or why not?
RESEARCH REPORT
It is often used in the sciences,

engineering, and psychology.
RESEARCH REPORT
Its main aim is to present the research in a

manner that the readers can easily
understand the report – what it is all
about, its purpose, and the result.
RESEARCH REPORT
The report contains the presentation of a

research conducted in a particular field.
RESEARCH REPORT
It is done to recommend solutions to an

identified problem for the target entities.
RESEARCH REPORT
The main objective of a research report is

to communicate to the readers the
conducted research in the most
understandable way possible, so it uses a
specific format.
PROJECT PROPOSAL
A proposal contains proposed solution to

an identified problem.
PROJECT PROPOSAL
Writing a proposal entails audience

analysis simply because you as a writer
has to identify your best argumentative
strategy in order to win over the approval
of the readers.
PROJECT PROPOSAL
A formal project proposal uses the format:

1. Introduction
2. Body, and
3. Conclusion
PROJECT PROPOSAL
INTRODUCTION:
-contains background of the study

-includes the rationale, objectives, and
benefits
PROJECT PROPOSAL
INTRODUCTION:
-contains the project description which

outlines how the problem would be
addressed
PROJECT PROPOSAL
INTRODUCTION: Project Description
1. Methodology
2. Schedule
3. Budget
PROJECT PROPOSAL
Parts of an informal project proposal:

1. Introduction
2. Discussion, and
3. Conclusion
It comes in a form of a memo, letter or e-mail

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Lesson 3

able to locate, understand, evaluate,

Every time you engage in writing whether

The objective of your writing would

“The writer must decide what the specific

“Does the final output realizes my

1. Book Review or Article Critique

It is a form of literacy criticism in which a

6. What is the author’s style – formal or informal?

15. What did the book or article accomplish?

1. Include the author, place, publisher,

4. Include information about the author –

6. Provide a good conclusion. It could be a

A literature review involves the

10. Would you recommend this story to others?

It is often used in the sciences,

Its main aim is to present the research in a

The report contains the presentation of a

It is done to recommend solutions to an

The main objective of a research report is

A proposal contains proposed solution to

Writing a proposal entails audience

A formal project proposal uses the format:

-contains background of the study

-contains the project description which

Parts of an informal project proposal:

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