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Data Visualization in Python

This document provides an overview of various data visualization techniques in Python using Matplotlib, including line graphs, sine waves, scatter plots, histograms, bar plots, and pie charts. Code examples are given for each technique to demonstrate how to generate the visualizations in Python. Matplotlib is introduced as a Python library for 2D plotting and producing publication-quality figures.

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anand.prathiba
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209 views

Data Visualization in Python

This document provides an overview of various data visualization techniques in Python using Matplotlib, including line graphs, sine waves, scatter plots, histograms, bar plots, and pie charts. Code examples are given for each technique to demonstrate how to generate the visualizations in Python. Matplotlib is introduced as a Python library for 2D plotting and producing publication-quality figures.

Uploaded by

anand.prathiba
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Data Visualization in Python

Prepared by
Anand G
Assistant Professor,
ECE, Department,
Dr. Mahalingam College of Engineering and Technology,
Pollachi-642003
Email: anandg@drmcet.ac.in
Matplotlib
• Matplotlib is a Python 2D plotting library
which produces publication quality figures in a
variety of hardcopy formats and interactive
environments across platforms.
Line Graph
• A line chart or line graph is a type of chart which displays
information as a series of data points called ‘markers’
connected by straight line segments.
• Line graphs are usually used to find relationship between
two data sets on different axis; for instance X, Y.
>>>import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
>>>x=[2,4,6]
>>>y =[1,3,5]
>>>plt.plot(x, y)
>>>plt.show()
Contd…
• Plot a sine wave
>>>import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
>>>import numpy as np
>>>x = np.linspace(0, 10, 1000)
>>>plt.plot(x, np.sin(x))
>>>plt.xlabel(‘time’)
>>>plt.ylabel(‘amplitude’)
>>>plt.title(‘Sine Wave’)
>>>plt.show()
Plot variables
Marker Marker Linestyle Linestyle
Code Displayed Colour Colour Code Displayed
Code Displayed
+ Plus Sign
- Solid Line
. Dot R Red
o Circle -- Dashed Line
B Blue
* Star .. Dotted Line
G Green
P Pentagon
C Cyan Dash Dotted
S Square -.
Line
M Magneta
X X Character
D Diamond Y Yellow
No
H Hexagon K Black None Connecting
Lines
^ Triangle W White
Multiple Subplots
>>>import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
>>>import numpy as np
>>>x = np.linspace(0, 10, 1000)
>>>plt.subplot(121)
>>>plt.plot(x, np.sin(x))
>>>plt.show()
>>>plt.subplot(122)
>>>plt.plot(x, np.cos(x))
>>>plt.show()
Scatterplot
• A Scatterplot displays the value of 2 sets of data on 2
dimensions
>>>import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
>>>import numpy as np
>>>x = np.random.randn(1, 50)
>>>y = np.random.randn(1,50)
>>>plt.scatter(x1, y, color='red', s=30)
>>>plt.xlabel('X axis')
>>>plt.ylabel('Y axis')
>>>plt.title('Scatter Plot')
>>>plt.show()
Histogram
• A histogram shows the frequency on the vertical axis and
the horizontal axis is another dimension. Usually it has
bins, where every bin has a minimum and maximum
value.
>>>import numpy as np
>>>import matplotlib.mlab as mlab
>>>import matplotlib.pyplot as plt  
>>>x = [21,22,23,4,5,6,77,8,9,10,31,32,33,
34,35,36,37,18,49,50,100]
>>>num_bins = 5
>>>n, bins, patches = plt.hist(x, num_bins,
facecolor='blue', alpha=0.5)
>>>plt.show()
Bar plot
>>>import matplotlib.pyplot as plt >>>import
numpy as np
>>>import matplotlib.pyplot as plt  
>>>objects = ('Python', 'C++', 'Java', 'Perl', 'R', 'Lisp‘)
>>> y_pos = np.arange(len(objects))
>>>performance = [10,8,6,4,2,1]  
>>>plt.bar(y_pos, performance, align='center',
alpha=0.5)
>>> plt.xticks(y_pos, objects) >>>plt.ylabel('Usage')
>>>plt.title('Programming language usage')  
>>>plt.show()
Pie Charts
>>>import matplotlib.pyplot as plt  
>>>labels = 'Python', 'C++', 'Ruby', 'Java'
>>>sizes = [215, 130, 245, 210]
>>> colors = ['gold', 'yellowgreen', 'lightcoral',
'lightskyblue']
>>>explode = (0.1, 0, 0, 0) # explode 1st slice  
>>>plt.pie(sizes, explode=explode, labels=labels,
colors=colors, shadow=True, startangle=140)  
>>>plt.axis('equal')
>>>plt.show()
Thank You

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