Small Medium Enterprise
Small Medium Enterprise
Small Medium Enterprise
By:-
Sahil Mehta
WHAT IS CORPORATE & SME FUNDING
Small and mid-size enterprises (SMEs) are businesses that
maintain revenues, assets or a number of employees below a certain
threshold. Certain size criteria must be met and occasionally the industry
in which the company operates in is taken into account as well.
SME Funding is the funding of small and medium-sized enterprises, and
represents a major function of the general business finance market – in
which capital for different types of firms are supplied, acquired, and
costed or priced.
WHAT IS LOAN SYNDICATION
While every bank or NBFC might charge different interest rates for
providing loans to SMEs, the lowest interest rate provided under
Government Loan Schemes is 8.40% and can go up to 24% per annum.
The interest rate charged for SME loan will depend on different conditions
like provision of collateral, loan amount, repayment tenure, and applicant’s
profile, creditworthiness and repayment capacity.
DOCUMENTATION
Every bank or NBFC will have a loan application form which requires to be
filled. Some of the common details that are required in these forms are:
Name of Company
Date of firm creation
Address of the firm
Operating address of firm
E-mail address of firm
Contact Details
Sector/Industry code
Permanent Account Number
GST No.
When you apply for a loan from any financial organization, it is common
that they will require certain financial details regarding your current debts
and background. These are some of the commonly required details:
Bank A/C details
On-going Loans/Debts
Any other financial service applied for
Brief regarding security of facility
Details of parent company/associates/group entities
All relevant profitability/liquidity-oriented details mentioned in an annual
accounting report
Apart from financial details you are also required to mention certain legal
details necessary for processing:
Documents regarding registration of firm/shop/manufacturing unit
Registration certificate of the firm under MSME
Copies of sales tax-return filing documents
Copies of income tax-return filing documents
Drug license (if running a pharmaceutical manufacturing/selling
enterprise)
THE DIFFERENT LOAN OPTIONS AMONG
SMEs
As per World Bank’s report, around 80% of industrial enterprises comprises
of small, medium & micro-enterprises and employ over 117 million
individuals and accounts for 40% of nations manufacturing output. Owing to
the significant impact they have on the nation’s economy, much financial
assistance has been extended by both the government and lenders in the form
of SME loan options.
There are several products of SMEs loan such as Working Capital Loan,
Overdraft Loan, Term loan, Mudhra, Equipment Financing etc.
The documentation and process of different products are as same as
documentation and process of SMEs loan which has been discussed ealier.
Working Capital Loans
Every business requires constant liquidity for conducting business as
efficiently as possible. In order to ensure that there are no obstacles in the
regular operations of a firm, many firms avail working capital loans. Not
only do they help in handling temporary financial crises, they also allow
businesses to focus on growth while the regular expenses are managed
through a loan
Term Loans
When you have planned long term expenses but find it challenging to set
aside an amount for it, which is where term loans come into the picture.
They are long term loans that are usually borrowed for a certain purpose.
The available duration of payback for term loans ranges from 5 years to 15
years. Furthermore, some banks also provide term loans without provision
of collateral.
Equipment Financing
Manufacturing businesses require modern equipment to stay ahead of its
competitors in the market. Equipment loans are specifically provided by
banks and NBFCs to buy new machinery for a firm. Equipment financing
helps businesses grow and explore its potential by providing loans of up to
25 crore. While the limit is higher, SMEs usually do not require a higher
amount for equipment financing. As the equipment in question is
considered as collateral in the loan, the interest rate for this type of loan is
low.
Pradhan Mantri Mudra Yojana (PMMY)
The Government of India considers that small business requires investment and
financial help to truly realize their potential. Taking this into consideration, the
government has introduced the PMMY scheme which is specifically designed to
serve SMEs and MSMEs of all types. There are 3 categories within Pradhan
Mantri Mudra Yojana for different range of amount:
Shishu Loans are the basic category which provides loans of up to Rs. 50,000
Kishor category is a notch higher and provides loan amount ranging from Rs.
50,000 to Rs. 5,00,000
Tarun Category loans are the highest category of PMMY loans which provide an
amount from Rs. 5,00,000 to Rs. 10,00,000
The key advantage of this type of loan is that you can use this loan amount
flexibly into working capital needs, machinery, as well as vehicles.
Stand Up India Scheme
This is a SME loan option that is specifically designed for entrepreneurs that
belong to scheduled caste or scheduled tribe. This scheme’s benefits are also
extended to female entrepreneurs. Under Stand-up India scheme,
entrepreneurs can avail a loan amount between Rs. 10 lakh and Rs. 1 crore.
At least 51% of the shareholding stake should be held either by an SC/ST
individual or woman entrepreneur in case of non-individual enterprises
Asset-oriented business loans
SME owners can avail an instant loan by mortgaging their assets like gold,
shares, property or business asset. Through such an asset-oriented business
loan, individuals would be able to avail a loan amount that would be based
on the prevailing market rate of their property. The rate of interest levied
on such loans is comparatively lower than that of unsecured business
loans.
Point of sale finance
Depending on their monthly sales that were routed via EDC terminal, SME
owners can avail a loan to finance their venture. The said loan option takes
into account real-time data related to credit card sales and monthly debit to
extend a loan to the borrowers. Also, additional credit can be availed by
them by promoting cashless transactions.
Cash credit
SME owners can avail the facility of cash credit by pledging their current
assets like raw materials account receivable, stock in trade and unpaid
invoices as collateral. Additionally, borrowers can leverage the cash credit
facility as revolving credit and boost their working capital. Borrowers can
also avail an overdraft facility as well from a financial institution where
they already have an existing account.
However, if a borrower does not want to pledge their assets to avail a loan,
they can seek financial assistance from financial institutions like Bajaj
Finserv who provide medium enterprises business loans without any
collateral.
Letter of Credit
Mainly used by businesses who are involved in foreign trade, this is a
letter from a bank that guarantees the payment and assures that a buyer’s
payment to a seller will be received on time. Also known as Documentary
Credit, this letter acts as a trust point between the buyer and seller and
plays an imperative role in the international trade where both the parties
may not know each other personally and are also separated by distance and
laws.
In the event, when the buyer is unable to make payments, the seller will
approach the bank for payment, who after analyzing the situation will
honor the demand (assuming all the requirements are met).
Overdraft
Here the word overdraft means, withdrawing more money from your
current account than what has been deposited. It is a credit facility
extended by banks in exchange for some collateral or securities, like fixed
deposits, life insurance policy, property, etc. Based on the assets given as
collateral, the bank offers an open-ended loan which a business can utilise
to fund its requirements. Here the interest will be charged on the loan
amount actually used and not on its total value.
THANK YOU