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    Chemical Reaction Engineering II Note 2: Flow Models

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    Asasira Irad
    (1) The document discusses different models for representing flows in chemical reactors, ranging from simple plug and mixed flow models to more sophisticated compartment models that divide the reactor into multiple theoretical zones or compartments. (2) Compartment models can provide a reasonable approximation of real reactor flows by comparing experimental residence time distribution curves to theoretical curves for different compartment combinations. (3) The document provides examples of how compartment modeling can be used to diagnose issues with assumed plug or mixed flow in a real reactor.

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    Chemical Reaction Engineering II Note 2: Flow Models

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    Asasira Irad
    94 views16 pages
    (1) The document discusses different models for representing flows in chemical reactors, ranging from simple plug and mixed flow models to more sophisticated compartment models that divide the reactor into multiple theoretical zones or compartments. (2) Compartment models can provide a reasonable approximation of real reactor flows by comparing experimental residence time distribution curves to theoretical curves for different compartment combinations. (3) The document provides examples of how compartment modeling can be used to diagnose issues with assumed plug or mixed flow in a real reactor.

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    (1) The document discusses different models for representing flows in chemical reactors, ranging from simple plug and mixed flow models to more sophisticated compartment models that divide the reactor into multiple theoretical zones or compartments. (2) Compartment models can provide a reasonable approximation of real reactor flows by comparing experimental residence time distribution curves to theoretical curves for different compartment combinations. (3) The document provides examples of how compartment modeling can be used to diagnose issues with assumed plug or mixed flow in a real reactor.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    94 views16 pages

    Chemical Reaction Engineering II Note 2: Flow Models

    Uploaded by

    Asasira Irad
    (1) The document discusses different models for representing flows in chemical reactors, ranging from simple plug and mixed flow models to more sophisticated compartment models that divide the reactor into multiple theoretical zones or compartments. (2) Compartment models can provide a reasonable approximation of real reactor flows by comparing experimental residence time distribution curves to theoretical curves for different compartment combinations. (3) The document provides examples of how compartment modeling can be used to diagnose issues with assumed plug or mixed flow in a real reactor.

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    CHE424

    Chemical Reaction Engineering II


    Note 2: Flow Models
    • Models are useful for representing flows in
    real vessels, for scale up, and for diagnosing
    poor flow. There are different kinds of models
    depending on whether the flow is close to
    plug, mixed, or somewhere in between.
    • From now on we shall be studying different
    models that represent real flows in different
    types of reactors.
    Compartment Model

    • Flow models can be of different levels of


    sophistication and the compartment models are the
    next stage beyond the simplest, those that assume
    the extremes of plug flow and mixed flow. In these
    models we consider the vessel and the flow through
    it as follows;
    • By comparing the E curve for the real vessel
    with the theoretical curves for various
    combinations of compartments and through
    flow, we can find which model best fits the
    real vessel. The fit may not be perfect however
    but models of this kind are often a reasonable
    approximation to the real vessel.
    • Various E curves for different combinations of
    these models are shown in the figures below.
    Figure 1:Various compartment flow models
    Figure 1: (cont.)
    Figure 1: cont.
    Possible Applications
    (1) If we know M (kg of tracer introduced in the pulse)
    we can make a material balance check. Remember
    M = v (area of curve). If we only measure the
    output C on an arbitrary scale, we cannot find M
    or cannot make this material balance check.
    (2) Both V and v must be known in order to be able to
    properly evaluate all the elements of a model,
    including dead spaces. If we only measure tobs we
    cannot find the size of the stagnant regions and we
    have to ignore them in the model.
    • Therefore;

    (3) The semilog plot is a convenient tool for


    evaluating the flow parameters of a mixed flow
    compartment. Just draw the tracer response
    curve on this plot, find the slope and intercept
    and this gives the quantities A, B and C shown in
    the figure below.
    Figure 2: Properties of exponential decay tracer curve
    Diagnosing Reactor Ills

    • These combined models are useful for


    diagnostic purposes to pinpoint faulty flow
    and suggest causes. For example, if you expect
    plug flow and you know Figure 3 shows
    what you could find.
    • If you expect mixed flow, Figure 4 shows what
    you may find.
    Figure 3: Misbehaving Plug flow reactors
    Figure 4: Misbehaving mixed flow reactors
    Example 1: Behaviour of a gas/liquid contactor

    • From the measured pulse tracer response curve


    shown in the figure, find the fraction of gas, of
    flowing liquid and of stagnant liquid in the gas-
    liquid contactor.
    • To find Vg, Vl and Vstag, first calculate
    from the tracer curves.
    tg1 = 8; tg2 = 11 (conc. data)

    • Therefore from the figure;

    • Therefore;

    • In terms of void volume;

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