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    Database Normalization Slides

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    Marvin Bucsit
    The document discusses database normalization and the anomalies addressed by normalization. It defines three normal forms: first normal form (1NF), second normal form (2NF), and third normal form (3NF). 1NF requires that each field contains a single value. 2NF removes fields that are not dependent on the full primary key. 3NF removes transitive dependencies, where a field depends on another field rather than the primary key. An example of a normalized student enrollment table is provided.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Database Normalization Slides

    Uploaded by

    Marvin Bucsit
    127 views27 pages
    The document discusses database normalization and the anomalies addressed by normalization. It defines three normal forms: first normal form (1NF), second normal form (2NF), and third normal form (3NF). 1NF requires that each field contains a single value. 2NF removes fields that are not dependent on the full primary key. 3NF removes transitive dependencies, where a field depends on another field rather than the primary key. An example of a normalized student enrollment table is provided.

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    The document discusses database normalization and the anomalies addressed by normalization. It defines three normal forms: first normal form (1NF), second normal form (2NF), and third normal form (3NF). 1NF requires that each field contains a single value. 2NF removes fields that are not dependent on the full primary key. 3NF removes transitive dependencies, where a field depends on another field rather than the primary key. An example of a normalized student enrollment table is provided.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    127 views27 pages

    Database Normalization Slides

    Uploaded by

    Marvin Bucsit
    The document discusses database normalization and the anomalies addressed by normalization. It defines three normal forms: first normal form (1NF), second normal form (2NF), and third normal form (3NF). 1NF requires that each field contains a single value. 2NF removes fields that are not dependent on the full primary key. 3NF removes transitive dependencies, where a field depends on another field rather than the primary key. An example of a normalized student enrollment table is provided.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 27

    Database

    Normalization
    Definition
    What Is Database Normalization?
    Anomalies: Problems addressed by Normalization

     If the proper normal forms aren't followed,


    various undesirable side effects can occur
    in a database
     These side effects are commonly referred
    to as anomalies.
     Insertion Anomalies
     Deletion Anomalies
     Update Anomalies

    10/9/20 4
    Insertion Anomaly
     This occurs when you can’t add row into a
    table

    Until the new faculty member is assigned to teach at least one course, his
    details cannot be recorded.

    10/9/20 5
    Deletion Anomaly
     This occurs when you can’t delete row into
    a table, when the row you want to delete
    contains a important piece of information,
    or when the row you delete is the last one
    in the table that contains this piece of
    information.

    10/9/20 6
    Deletion Anomaly

    All information about Dr. Giddens is lost when he temporarily ceases to


    be assigned to any courses.

    10/9/20 7
    Update Anomaly
     These occur when there is unnecessary
    redundancy in the data.

    Employee 519 is shown as having different addresses on different records.

    10/9/20 8
    Concept of normalization and the
    most common normal forms.
    To Begin
    /
    Second Normal Form (2NF)
     It is in the 1NF
     Every column that is not a part of the
    primary key is functionally dependent on
    the entire primary key.

    10/9/20 17
    Functional Dependency
     Attribute B is functionally dependent on
    attribute A if, for each value of attribute A,
    there is exactly one value of attribute B.
     Example, Employee Address is
    functionally dependent on Employee ID,
    because a particular Employee ID value
    corresponds to one and only one
    Employee Address value.
    Employee Address  Employee ID

    10/9/20 18
    Third Normal Form (3NF)
     It is in the 2NF
     All of its columns that are not part of the
    primary key are mutually dependent
     The 3NF is concerned with the removal of
    transitive dependencies in tables.
     There exist transitive dependency when a
    column is dependent on a column not the
    primary key.
    10/9/20 20
    Transitive Dependency
     A transitive dependency is an indirect
    functional dependency, one in which X→Z
    only by virtue of X→Y and Y→Z.
     Example:
     Column1 is directly dependent on the primary key
    column; another column, say Column2, is indirectly
    dependent on the primary key column because of its
    dependency on Column1.
     The dependency of Column2 to the primary key is by
    virtue of its dependency on Column1.

    10/9/20 21
    name crs yr dept dean subj1 subj2 subj3 subj4

    Ana Noble BSIT 2 CASTEIT Dr. Valdez rve 2 socsci 5 pe 4 socsci 6

    Claire Valdez BSCE 3 CEA Engr. Carreon pe 3 socsci 5 socsci 6  

    Dan Reyes BSIT 2 CASTEIT Dr. Valdez rve 2 pe 4 socsci 6  

    Flor Yen BSBA 3 CCSA Mrs. Tugade rve 2 pe 3 socsci 5 socsci 6

    Gil Peter BSIT 2 CASTEIT Dr. Valdez socsci 5 pe 4 socsci 6  

    Jane Jill BSIT 3 CASTEIT Dr. Valdez rve 2 pe 3 pe 4 socsci 6

    Joy Flores BSBA 2 CCSA Mrs. Tugade rve 2 pe 3 socsci 5 pe 4

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