Terrestrial Ecosystems: Moscamuerta03

Terrestrial
Ecosystems
Jade.Hizon03@gmail.com
moscamuerta03
http://www.facebook.com/jadehi
zon09
Objectives
Terrestrial Ecosystems
At the end of the discussion, the students
should be able to:
• Define what Terrestrial Ecosystem is;
• Enumerate the four major types of
Terrestrial ecosystem; and
• State the distinct characteristics of
major types of Terrestrial Ecosystem
ECOSYSTE
M
An ecosystem is a biological environment consisting of
all the living things in a particular area and non-living
things which the organisms interact.
Biotic
+ tem
ECOSYS
pera
t ure
sunlig
soil
ht
Abiotic
water
=
rocks
+
Interactions
TEM
Ecologist divided Ecosystems into two:
ECOSYSTE
M
TERRESTRIAL AQUATIC
What does “terrestrial” mean?
In Spanish, the word ‘tierra’ means ‘land’.
In French, the word ‘terre’ means ‘land’.
In Italian, the word ‘terra’ means ‘land’.
TERRESTRIAL ecosystems are
habitats that exist on land, not

in the water.
Forest
Forest is a type of
ecosystem which the
primary plants are trees.
Forests occupy approximately
one-third of Earth's land area,
account for over two-thirds of the
leaf area of land plants, and contain
about 70% of carbon present in
living things.
Forests classified by the type of
tree they contain and the amount
of precipitation.
Major types of F O R E S T
Tropical Temperate Coniferous

Deciduous
Tropical Rainforest
Tropical forests are characterized by the

greatest diversity of species. They occur near
the equator, within the area bounded by
latitudes 23.5 degrees N and 23.5 degrees S.
Tropical Rainforest
ABIOTIC
FACTORS
Tropical Rainforest
Climate: Winter is absent, and only two seasons
are present (rainy and dry).
Daylight: The length of daylight is 12 hours and
varies little.
Temperature: On average 20-25° C and varies little
throughout the year: the average temperatures of the three
warmest and three coldest months do not differ by more
than 5 degrees.
Tropical Rainforest
Precipitation: evenly distributed throughout the

year, with annual rainfall exceeding 200 cm.
Soil: nutrient is poor and acidic. Decomposition is

rapid and soils are subject to heavy leaching.
Tropical Rainforest
BIOTIC
FACTORS
Tropical Rainforest
Flora Plants
=
Fauna Animals
Tropical Rainforest
Flora is highly diverse: one square kilometer

may contain as many as 100 different tree
species. Trees are 25-35 m tall, with
buttressed trunks and shallow roots, mostly
evergreen, with large dark green leaves.
Tropical Rainforest
Tropical Rainforest
Fauna include numerous birds, bats, small

mammals, and insects.
Temperate Deciduous
Temperate forests occur in eastern North America,

Northeastern Asia, and western and central Europe. Well-
defined seasons with a distinct winter characterize this
forest biome.
Temperate Deciduous
ABIOTIC
FACTORS
Temperate Deciduous
Temperature varies from -30° C to
30° C.
Precipitation (75-150 cm) is distributed
evenly throughout the year.
Soil is fertile, enriched with decaying

matter.
Temperate Deciduous
BIOTIC
FACTORS
Coniferous Forest
Coniferous Forest
Coniferous, Boreal forests, or Taiga, represent the largest

terrestial biome. Occuring between 50 and 60 degrees north
latitudes, boreal forests can be found in the broad belt of
Eurasia and North America: two-thirds in Siberia with the
rest in Scandinavia, Alaska, and Canada.
Coniferous Forest
ABIOTIC
FACTORS
Coniferous Forest
Temperatures are very low.
Precipitation is primarily in the form of snow, 40-

100 cm annually
Soil is thin, nutrient-poor, and acidic
Coniferous Forest
BIOTIC
FACTORS
Coniferous Forest
Flora
consist mostly of cold-tolerant evergreen
conifers with needle-like leaves, such as
pine, fir, and spruce.
Coniferous Forest
Fauna
include woodpeckers, hawks, moose,
bear, weasel, lynx, fox, wolf, deer, hares,
chipmunks, shrews, and bats.
Forest Grassland
Grassland is a large flat area
covered with grass which has
few trees.
GRASSLAND
ABIOTIC
FACTORS
GRASSLAND
Natural grasslands primarily occur in regions that receive between
250 and 900 mm (9.8 and 35 in) of rain per year , as compared with
deserts, which receive less than 250 mm (9.8 in) and tropical
rainforests, which receive more than 2,000 mm (79 in).
Grasslands have fertile soil.
Most grasslands experience hot, dry summers that cause

many of the grasses to dry out.
SAVANNAS
SAVANNAS
PRAIRIE
GRASSLAND
BIOTIC
FACTORS
Forest Grassland
Tundra
Tundra
Tundra is the coldest of all the

biomes.
Tundra
ABIOTIC
FACTORS
Tundra
Climate is extremely cold
Little Precipitation
Soil contains poor nutrients.
Tundra
Arctic Alpine
Tundra
BIOTIC
FACTORS
Tundra
Flora
Plants in the tundra are primarily lichens, shrubs, and
brush. Tundras do not have trees.
Tundra
Fauna
Include arctic foxes, wolves, polar bears,
salmon etc.
Tundra
Thick furs and extra

layers of fat
Tundra
Hibernation
Forest Grassland
Tundra Desert
Desert
Desert is a large, extremely dry area of

land with sparse vegetation. It covers
1/5 of the earth’s surface where rainfall is
less than 50cm/ year.
Desert
ABIOTIC
FACTORS
Desert
High Temperature,
intense sunlight and
low water.
Desert
BIOTIC
FACTORS
Desert
Organisms are
xeric adaptive
Objectives
At the end of the discussion, the students
should be able to:
• Define what Terrestrial Ecosystem is;
• Enumerate the four major types of
Terrestrial ecosystem; and
• State the distinct characteristics of
major types of Terrestrial Ecosystem
Thanks 
Terrestrial
Ecosystems
Jade.Hizon03@gmail.com
moscamuerta03
http://www.facebook.com/jadehi
zon09

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Terrestrial

TERRESTRIAL ecosystems are

habitats that exist on land, not

Tropical Temperate Coniferous

Tropical forests are characterized by the

Precipitation: evenly distributed throughout the

Soil: nutrient is poor and acidic. Decomposition is

Flora is highly diverse: one square kilometer

Fauna include numerous birds, bats, small

Temperate forests occur in eastern North America,

Soil is fertile, enriched with decaying

Coniferous, Boreal forests, or Taiga, represent the largest

Temperatures are very low.

Precipitation is primarily in the form of snow, 40-

Soil is thin, nutrient-poor, and acidic

Grasslands have fertile soil.

Most grasslands experience hot, dry summers that cause

Tundra is the coldest of all the

Climate is extremely cold

Soil contains poor nutrients.

Thick furs and extra

Desert is a large, extremely dry area of

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