Proper Excreta Disposal, Food Safety Sanitation-Video Lec

Proper Excreta Disposal, Food Safety
Sanitation, Vermin and Vector

Control, Built Environment
BY: Ma. Theresa Salinda, RN,MSN

Faculty , FEU Institute of Nursing
Environmental health
- is a branch of public health that deal with the study of

preventing illness by managing the environment and changing
people’s behaviour.
• It deals with disease agent, people and environment.
Major Environmental Health and Sanitation Program
Proper Excreta Disposal
• Level 1
– Non – water toilet facility- no water is necessary to wash the waste into receiving
space.
1. Pit latrines
– most common observe in rural area
– 3 components: the pit, squatting plate, super structure
2. Reed odourless earth closet
3. Bored-hole latrine
• LEVEL II
– On site toilet facilities of the water carriage type with water-sealed
and flush type with septic vault/tank disposal facilities
• LEVEL III
– Water carriage types toilet facilities connected to septic tank or
sewerage system to treatment plant.
Things to consider in constructing a toilet facility:
1. At least 25 meter away from water resources at a lower elevation.
2. It should be worth in your financial capability.
3. It should be approved by health authorities.

2.0 FOOD SANITATION PROGRAM
Policies
1. Food establishment subject to inspection (approved of all food resources container and
transport vehicles).
2. Comply with sanitary permit requirement.
3. Comply with updated health certificates for food handlers, helpers, cook.
4. All ambulant vendor must submit health certificate to determine present
of intestinal parasites and bacterial infections.
5. DOH’s Administrative no. 1-2006 requires all laboratories to use Formalin
Ether Concentration (FECT) instead of direct fecal smear in the analysis of stool of
food handlers.
Four Rights in Food Safety
1. Right source- Always buy fresh , look at expiry dates,
2.Right preparation
Avoid raw food and cooked food, remove food droppings, wash hand and kitchen utensil
3. Right cooking
Cook food thorough and ensures that the temperature of all parts of the food
should reach 70 degrees centigrade.
4. Right storage
All cooked foods be left at room temperature for NOT more than two hours
to prevent the multiplication of bacteria.

3.0 VERMIN AND VECTOR CONTROL
Vermin- (colloquially varmint(s) or varmit) are pests or nuisance animals that spread diseases or
destroy crops or livestock. Since the term is defined in relation to human activities, which
species are included vary from area to area and person to person.
Vermis derived from Latin word meaning (worm),

and was originally used for the worm-like larvae
of certain insects)
Vermin Control Program
 Programs designed to prevent, control, or eliminate the presence of or infestation by pests are essential in
an animal environment.
 The most effective control is by preventing entry by the
appropriate screening of openings and sealing cracks, maintaining

the integrity of all surfaces, and eliminating vermin breeding sites.
 Pesticides should only be used judiciously and when necessary and where the
risk to animals and the experimental process is minimal.

Vector
-are living organisms that can transmit infectious pathogens between humans, or from
animals to humans.
Vector-borne disease
Account for more than 17% of all infectious
diseases, causing more than 700 000 deaths annually.
They can be caused by either parasites, bacteria
or viruses.
Vector-borne Disease
a. Malaria is a parasitic infection transmitted by Anopheline mosquitoes. It causes an estimated 219 million cases globally, and results
in more than 400,000 deaths every year. Most of the deaths occur in children under the age of 5 years.
b. Dengue is the most prevalent viral infection transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes. More than 3.9 billion people in over 129 countries are
at risk of contracting dengue, with an estimated 96 million symptomatic cases and an estimated 40,000 deaths every year.
c. Other viral diseases transmitted by vectors include chikungunya fever, Zika virus fever,
yellow fever, West Nile fever, Japanese encephalitis (all transmitted by mosquitoes), tick-borne encephalitis
(transmitted by ticks).
d. Chagas disease (transmitted by triatomine bugs), leish maniasis (sandflies) and schistosomiasis (snails)
affect hundreds of millions of people worldwide.
The "Global Vector Control Response (GVCR)
2017–2030"
 was approved by the World Health Assembly in 2017. It provides strategic
guidance to countries and development partners for urgent strengthening of

vector control as a fundamental approach to preventing disease and
responding to outbreaks.
 To achieve this a re-alignment of vector control programmes is required, supported
by increased technical capacity, improved infrastructure, strengthened monitoring and

surveillance systems, and greater community mobilization. Ultimately, this will support
implementation of a comprehensive approach to vector.
Types of Environmental Management
 Environmental modification – long-lasting physical transformations to reduce vector larval habitats.
 Environmental manipulation – temporary changes to vector habitats
involving the management of “essential” containers.
 Changes to human habitation or behaviour – actions to reduce
human–vector contact, such as installing mosquito screening on

windows, doors and other entry points, and using mosquito nets
while sleeping during daytime.

Online references
https://
www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/vector-bor
ne-diseases
https://
www.doh.gov.ph/sites/default/files/publications/Chapt
er_16_Vermin_Control.pdf
https://:www.doh.gov.ph

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Proper Excreta Disposal, Food Safety

Sanitation, Vermin and Vector

BY: Ma. Theresa Salinda, RN,MSN

- is a branch of public health that deal with the study of

1. At least 25 meter away from water resources at a lower elevation.

2. It should be worth in your financial capability.

3. It should be approved by health authorities.

should reach 70 degrees centigrade.

to prevent the multiplication of bacteria.

Vermis derived from Latin word meaning (worm),

 The most effective control is by preventing entry by the

appropriate screening of openings and sealing cracks, maintaining

risk to animals and the experimental process is minimal.

guidance to countries and development partners for urgent strengthening of

 To achieve this a re-alignment of vector control programmes is required, supported

by increased technical capacity, improved infrastructure, strengthened monitoring and

 Environmental manipulation – temporary changes to vector habitats

involving the management of “essential” containers.

 Changes to human habitation or behaviour – actions to reduce

human–vector contact, such as installing mosquito screening on

while sleeping during daytime.

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