Water Efficiency2

WATER EFFICIENCY
CONTENTS :-
• Introduction
• Water consumption
pattern in building
• Primary water use
purposes in buildings
INTRODUCTION
(Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) LEED goals are

organized into six categories:
•Sustainable Sites
•Water Efficiency
•Energy and Atmosphere
•Materials and Resources
•Indoor Environmental Quality
•Innovation and Design Process
There are few things we take for granted as much as our ability to turn
on the tap and get water in seeming less endless supply. Even during
droughts, and in spite of ubiquitous advertising about shortages and
conservation, most of us treat this precious resource as a given.
• Water consumption pattern in building:
– Reduce
– Reuse
– Recharge
•Primary water use purposes in

buildings
• Toilets
• Showers
• Wash basins
• Kitchens
• Laundry
• Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning
(HVAC) systems
• Landscaping.
Reduce
• Use low impact development principles.

– Use rainwater cisterns, vegetated swales and
depressions to reduce runoff.
– Reduce the amount of impervious site area.
– Filter surface runoff.
– Use pervious paving materials.
• Use Integrated Pest Management to reduce water
pollution from pesticides.
• Consider incorporating green roofs into the project where
feasible.
• Follow EPA's Green Infrastructure policy for managing
stormwater.
Water efficient fixtures
Save yourself money and reduce water wastage by
fitting this simple but ingenious device, designed to
divert your used water from the shower/bath to your
rain butt for later use in your garden.
This simple device is controlled from ground level by
pull cords. Easily fitted to existing pipe work, the Bath
Water Diverter comes with full fitting kit and
instructions.
Please note: Recommended for exposed pipework.
Reuse
• REED bed treatment

• Sewage effluent
REED bed treatment
• Details are shown of some examples of varying types of Reed Bed
Sewage Treatment Systems, which offer an effective form of treatment,
and in future years reduced maintenance costs.
• Vertical and Horizontal Reed Bed System (for flat or sloping site)
• Horizontal Bed System (for flat or sloping site)
• Sewage Treatment Works with a Tertiary Reed Bed (for a sloping site)
Vertical and Horizontal Beds System
Flat Site
Key
A Existing Septic Tank
B Pumping Station (if required.)
C Vertical Reed Bed Sloping Site
D Pumping Station
E Vertical Reed Bed
F Humus Tank
G Balancing Tank
H Horizontal Reed Bed
J Flow Control Chamber

The purpose of a home's subsurface
sewage disposal system (septic system) is
to dispose of the water generated by the
occupants in such a manner that the soils
on the property can disperse it without
causing an adverse effect on ground water
and in turn on public health and the
environment.
•Sewage effluent
Recharge
RAIN WATER HARVESTING TECHNIQUES :
•There are two main techniques of rain water harvestings.

•Storage of rainwater on surface for future use.
•Recharge to ground water.
• Rain water harvesting
• Metal roofing for rain water harvesting is considered one of the best options for
maximum efficiency and the potability of the harvested rain water.
• In any building, the roof is the major catchment area of the rain water. Hence, the
material of the roof is very important in proper rain water harvesting. According to
scientific research, the metal roof had been estimated to have an efficiency quotient
of 0.9 on a scale of zero to one. This is ideal for maximum catchment of rain water
A) 3994 SF SLOPED COLLECTION ROOF
B) GUTTER AND DOWNSPOUTS
C) RAIN WASHERS
D) 10,000 GAL RAINWATER CISTERN
E) FLOAT VALVE
F) SUPLEMENTAL MUNICIPAL WATER
G) FOOT VALVE
H) BOOSTER PUMP
I) PARTICLE AND SEDIMENT FILTERS
J) CARBON FILTERS
K) FLOW TRANSMITTER
L) DRAW DOWN TANK
M) COMPOSTING BINS SPRAY (NON-CHLORINATED)
N) WALL HYDRANT (NON-CHLORINATED)
O) CHLORINATOR
P) WATER HEATER
Q) JANITOR’S SINK (CHLORINATED)
R) LAVARITORIES (CHLORINATED)
S) EXCESS LIQUID WASTE (“COMPOST TEA”) / GREYWATER TO ON-SITE
WASTE TREATMENT SYSTEM
Primary water use purposes in
buildings
• Toilets
• Showers
• Wash basins
• Kitchens
• Laundry
• Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning
(HVAC) systems
• Landscaping.
Typical water use breakdown in a

residential building
Common water efficiency measures for
buildings
• use-based charging
• detecting leaks
• dripping taps, faucets, and shower heads
• leakage in toilet flushes - misplaced or
broken flap
-continuous overflow
• storage tanks
• cooling towers
• pipes, joints, and valves
• toilets and urinals
Components that can lead to
leaks in a typical flush system.
• Changing behavior A dual-mode flush
system.
• Volume displacement objects
• Low-volume or dual-mode flush systems
• Vacuum-toilets
• Composting toilets
Waterless urinal.
• URINALS
•Urinals with on-demand sensors
•Waterless urinals
•Use of greywater in flushing
A composting toilet.
BATHS AND SHOWERS
• Giving a preference to showers over baths

• Controlling water flow and time in showers
• Water efficient shower heads
• Use of easily adjustable mixers
Example of a shower
head with an air jet.
FAUCETS, TAPS, AND WASH BASINS
• Water efficient faucets and tap adaptors
• Faucets with on-demand sensors
Easy to fit and

inexpensive, aerators can
save water by up to 50%.
A tap with an infrared

on demand sensor.
A user-
• Faucets with automatic shut-off systems activated
automatic
shut-off tap
system.
Water consumption and savings using
different types of faucets
KITCHENS
• Eliminate using running water for food

preparation
• Using a dishwasher
• Mechanical pre-rinse for manual washing
• Triggered spray nozzles
• Use of hot water
A tap with a triggered spray

nozzle can save a lot of water
in kitchens.
LANDSCAPING
• Selecting the right plant species

• Optimization of irrigation systems
• Use of harvested rainwater and greywater
Gray Water / Rainwater Catchment
An active water harvesting system

EARLY DESIGN MEASURES
• Water storage tanks

• Water distribution
networks
• Infrastructure for water
re-use
Water harvesting system

from roofs and paved
areas
THANK YOU

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WATER EFFICIENCY

(Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) LEED goals are

•Primary water use purposes in

• Use low impact development principles.

• REED bed treatment

• Horizontal Bed System (for flat or sloping site)

RAIN WATER HARVESTING TECHNIQUES :

•There are two main techniques of rain water harvestings.

Typical water use breakdown in a

• Giving a preference to showers over baths

Easy to fit and

A tap with an infrared

• Eliminate using running water for food

A tap with a triggered spray

• Selecting the right plant species

Gray Water / Rainwater Catchment

An active water harvesting system

• Water storage tanks

Water harvesting system

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