Qualitative Research Methods: by Muhammad Masood Mir Assistant Professor

Qualitative Research Methods
Lecture 01
By
Muhammad Masood Mir
Assistant Professor,
• Former Head Student Counselor KASBIT Hyderi Campus,
• Research Supervisor KASBIT
• Reviewer of Research Papers at International Journal of
contemporary economics and management (J. C.E.M)
What is Qualitative Research??
 Is not a unified set of techniques or philosophies, and indeed has grown out of a
wide range of intellectual and disciplinary traditions.
 it is a great strength of qualitative research that it cannot be neatly pigeon-holed

and reduced to a simple and prescriptive set of principles.
 Qualitative research is perhaps most commonly associated with certain schools

which fall broadly within what is known as the interpretivist sociological
tradition, particularly phenomenology, Feminism, Ideology postmodernists,
Positivism,
 No data, no testing , no statistics. Then what is it ?
 Why we do qualitative or quantitative research?

Think………
“Think about something if you know it is not real, then

what will you do”??
Understanding Philosophy
 What is the Reality?

 How can I know the reality?
 What ought to be?
 What should I hope for?
Answers??
 What is the Reality? (Meta-Physics)

 How can I know the reality? (Epistemology)
 What ought to be? (Ethics)
 What should I hope for? (Aesthetic)
How Can I Know the Reality
(Epistemology)
 It is the study of knowledge
 Then What is Knowledge itself?
“Knowledge is the relationship between knower and known”
Someone who has the cognitive conscious

 Sense Expression
 Reason
 Intuition
 Authority
 Instinct
Sense Expression
 Sight
 Hearing
 Smell
 Taste
 Touch
The knowledge Created on five senses are reliable???

Reasoning
It is the Best possible educated guess
Deduction:
Conclusion already contain in the premises, no new knowledge
I.E Rule: All the beans in the bag are white
Case: These beans are in the bag
Result: These beans are white
Induction:
Give the new knowledge conclusion is not in the premises
I.E Rule: These beans were in this bag
Case: These beans are white
Result: All the beans in the bag are white
Deduction and Induction
Rule: All dolphins are mammals
Case: All mammals have kidneys
Result: Therefore all dolphins have kidneys
Rule: All numbers ending in 0 or 5 are divisible by 5.

Case: The number 35 ends with a 5,
Result: So it is divisible by 5.
Rule: To earn a master’s degree, a student must have 32 credits.

Case: Tim has 40 credits,
Result: So Tim will earn a master’s degree
Rule: The chair in the living room is red.
Case: The chair in the dining room is red.
Result: The chair in the bedroom is red. All chairs in the house are red.
Rule: All actors that have seen are robot

Case: Tom Cruise is an actor
Result: So Tom Cruise is a robot
Authority
It compels you to act in a certain way
Power Authorities
 God
 Religion
 Culture
 Traditional
 Culture are belief and behavior followed by a society and can be change
 Tradition comes from seven generations (Marriage, Funeral, Worship)
Instinct
Things are installed and programmed by birth, no learning required
Examples????
If we keep on believing on the instinct then???

Human being can control the instinct
Philosophy and Research Paradigms
 Positivism
 Post Positivism
 Pragmatism
 Interpretivism
 Realism
Lecture 2
Research Paradigms
Positivism
 As a research paradigm positivism helps us to distinguish between meaningful

and meaningless research. Research is meaningful if it falsify the criteria of
verifiability and meaningless if there is no way one can empirically test the
data
 Linked with natural law with social science
 There are two meaningful proposition according to positivism all is meaning

less
 Analytic-A- Priory
 Synthetic A Posteriorly predicate
 Analytic-A- Priory
If the concept of predicate is already contain in the concept of subject. Denial and
negation would create a self contradiction
 Synthetic A Posteriorly predicate
If the relation between subject and predicate is determine by something external to
language that also needs empirical testing
Impact of salary on motivation
Post Positivism
Science is the name of falsification of existing theory. You cant verify on the
basis of some but you can falsify
 We can note one thing at one time

 The things are very complex one cant predict if the related theory is not
available

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Qualitative Research Methods

 it is a great strength of qualitative research that it cannot be neatly pigeon-holed

 Qualitative research is perhaps most commonly associated with certain schools

 Why we do qualitative or quantitative research?

“Think about something if you know it is not real, then

 What is the Reality?

 What is the Reality? (Meta-Physics)

Someone who has the cognitive conscious

The knowledge Created on five senses are reliable???

Rule: All numbers ending in 0 or 5 are divisible by 5.

Rule: To earn a master’s degree, a student must have 32 credits.

Rule: All actors that have seen are robot

Things are installed and programmed by birth, no learning required

If we keep on believing on the instinct then???

 As a research paradigm positivism helps us to distinguish between meaningful

 There are two meaningful proposition according to positivism all is meaning

 We can note one thing at one time

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