Lecture 9 - Introduction To Environmental Management System

Introduction to
Environmental Management System

Lecture 10: Environmental Sciences
soniya.munir@lbs.uol.edu.pk
What is an Environmental Management
system (EMS)
• EMS is a systematic integration of various practices

adopted by the organization to achieve its
environmental objectives.
• EMS is a set of processes and practices that enables
an organization to reduce its environmental
impacts and increase its operating efficiency.
(USEPA).
• One of the popular EMS standard is ISO14001
• “The part of the overall management
system that includes organizational
structure, planning activities,
responsibilities, practices, procedures,
processes and resources for developing,
implementing achieving and reviewing the
environmental policy.” ISO14001
Environmental Management System
(EMS)
• Overall management structure that addresses
the impacts of its products, services, and
processes on the environment is called as the
EMS.
• “The overall management system that includes
organizational structure, planning activities,
responsibilities, practices, processes, and resources
for developing, implementation, achieving, reviewing,
and maintaining the environmental policy”.
EMS in Business organizations
Everything done in business has some impact on
Environment
Management systems control everything

done in business
Standards can be set for the effective EMS
All Environmental actions preliminary originate

from a policy
Advantages of EMS
Initiate & maintain
Improve
procedures to Define key
management of
improve responsibilities
Env. Impacts
efficiencies
Monitor and Regularly assess

Ensure
measure progress towards
commencement of
environmental achieving set
Legal requirements
performance objectives
Competitive
advantage
Continual Improvement
ISO Family
Membership of 160 national standards institutes from
countries large and small, industrialized, developing and in
transition, in all regions of the world.
More than 18 000 standards provides practical tools for all
three dimensions of sustainable development:
economic, environmental and social.
They ensure vital features such as quality, ecology, safety,
economy, reliability, compatibility, interoperability,
conformity, efficiency and effectiveness.
ISO develops only those standards that are required by the
international market.
ISO 14000
Established in 1993,
 As a result of ISO’s commitment to
respond to the complex challenge of
“sustainable development” articulated
at the 1992 UN Conference on
Environment and Development in Rio de
Janeiro.
Environmental Management System Elements
• Standards/ Programs/ Procedures
•
Management •
Metrics & Records
Audits
System • Occupational health & Safety
(OHS)
• Hazard Identification
• Exposure and Risk Assessment
Workplace • Hazard Control & PPE
• Epidemiology
• Training & Motivation

• Fitness for Duty
Personnel • Health Surveillance - Early Detection
• Health Management
LCA
• ISO 14001 addresses not only the environmental aspects
of an organization’s processes, but also those of its
products and services.
• Tools to assist in addressing such aspects.
• Life-cycle assessment (LCA) is a tool for identifying and
evaluating the environmental aspects of products and
services from the “cradle to the grave” : from the
extraction of resource inputs to the eventual disposal of
the product or its waste.
• The ISO 14040 standards give guidelines on the principles
and conduct of LCA studies that provide an organization
with information on how to reduce the overall
environmental impact of its products and services.
Benefits of EMS
Economic Benefits
• Cost saving (less energy consumption, less waste disposal, less penalties, less
risk of compensation)
• Revenue increase from market share, demand for the products that
contribute to environment
Strategic Benefits
• Less accidents
• Stakeholder/ consumers demands
Other Benefits
• Environmental/ resource conservation
• Enhance public image
• Access to foreign markets
• Potential privatization
• Openness to challenge
• Easier compliance
Ems model
PLAN - DO - CHECK -ACT
POLICY
An environmental policy defines organization’s
commitment to the environment through continual
improvement in environmental performance
 A strong, clear environmental policy can serve as a
starting point for developing our EMS.
The policy should be evaluated regularly and
modified to reflect changing environmental
priorities.
PLANNING
• In the planning phase of EMS, we will identify
impacts the environment, and determine which of
those impacts are significant.
• set objectives and targets
• Establish action plans to meet the objectives & targets.
EMS consist of:

▫ Environmental Impacts and Aspects
▫ Compliance
▫ Legal requirement
▫ Objectives and Targets
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & ASPECTS
According to ISO 14001 definitions:
• An aspect is an element of an organization’s activities,
products, or services that can interact with the
environment. (CAUSE)
• An impact is any change to the environment…wholly or

partially resulting from an organization’s activities,
products, or services
• (EFFECT)
.
Aspect Impact
• air emissions, • depletion of natural resources,
• water discharges, • air pollution,
• use of raw materials, • hazardous waste generation,
• energy use, • soil and water contamination.
• use of natural resources,
• use of Chemicals
19
Facility Operations
Aspect: Use of solvents, oil, fluorescent lamps,

and excess furniture
Impact: Land contamination (landfill)
Aspect: Air emissions from buildings

Impact: Air pollution, global warming
Examples of Aspects and Impacts
• Aspect: Office use of electronic equipment
• Impact: Generation of recyclable waste
(paper, batteries, toner cartridges)
21
Objectives and Targets

An EMS objective is an overall goal arising from
the environmental policy statement set by the
organization.
An EMS target is a detailed measurable
performance requirement related to the
objective.
Objectives and Targets
Objective Target
• Decrease solid waste • Achieve 60% decrease in rate for all
generation solid waste by the year 2050.
• Reduce Waste Streams • Hazardous, Solid, and Universal
• Reduce Energy Consumption • Installation of Pvt. generation plants
• Recycle • Recycling plants
• Green Purchasing • Substitute
• Pollution Prevention • Pollution scrubbers,
• Improve environmental • Reduce the number of external
compliance environmental compliance audit
findings by 50% on an audit-to-audit
basis.
Compliance
• The Compliance: implemented procedures and
installed equipments to comply with Env.
regulations.
IMPLEMENTATION AND CONTROL
• The implementation phase of EMS involves

systematically executing plans.
Compliance
Supervisions
Corrective and preventive measures
Record management
Review & improvement
• Regular reviews are key to continual improvement and to
ensuring that EMS will continue to meet needs over time.
26
Bottom Line EMS Requirements

• Must have commitment of top managers.
• An EMS doesn’t exist in isolation.
• Must be consistent with other management
systems (e.g., IT) in your organization.
• An EMS must be owned by everyone in your
organization.
27
What Managers and Supervisors Need to Do

Provide support to change habits
• Old habits die hard.
• Employees need support through both

motivational and technical hurdles.
• Initial training and periodic refreshers are

essential to continuing pollution prevention
success.
28
Top Ten Pollution Prevention Techniques

1. Good housekeeping and maintenance practices
2. Spill prevention and preparedness
3. Inventory management
4. Prudent purchasing
5. Waste exchange programs
6. Alternate cleaning processes
7. Reduce/reuse process wastes
8. Process modifications
9. Changes in equipment or technology
10.Environmentally preferable purchasing

29
An Example:
Environmentally Preferable Purchasing
Products or services that have a lesser or
reduced effect on human health and the
environment when compared with competing
products or services that serve the same
purpose.
Environmental Policy of Toyota
• Contribution towards a prosperous 21st Century society (Zero
emissions through all areas of business activities).
• Pursuit of Environmental Technologies
• Voluntary Actions
• Working in Cooperation with society
Final-Term Paper Syllabus
• All slides studied after Mid-Term

• Case Study 114 pages …… will be given to CR
1st January, 2020
• Pattern (Time Allowed: 3 hours)

Q1. 10 Short Questions (10 marks)
Q2. 1 Long Question (10 marks)
Case Study: (Q3. to Q7) (4 marks each = 20 marks)

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Introduction to

Environmental Management System

• EMS is a systematic integration of various practices

Management systems control everything

Standards can be set for the effective EMS

All Environmental actions preliminary originate

Monitor and Regularly assess

• Training & Motivation

EMS consist of:

• An impact is any change to the environment…wholly or

Aspect: Use of solvents, oil, fluorescent lamps,

Aspect: Air emissions from buildings

Objectives and Targets

• The implementation phase of EMS involves

Bottom Line EMS Requirements

What Managers and Supervisors Need to Do

• Employees need support through both

• Initial training and periodic refreshers are

Top Ten Pollution Prevention Techniques

2. Spill prevention and preparedness

5. Waste exchange programs

6. Alternate cleaning processes

7. Reduce/reuse process wastes

9. Changes in equipment or technology

10.Environmentally preferable purchasing

• All slides studied after Mid-Term

• Pattern (Time Allowed: 3 hours)

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