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Saint Joan-Shaw's Preface: History: First Protestant and Advocate of Women's Rights

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Saint Joan- Shaw’s Preface

History: First Protestant and advocate of Women’s rights

Burned as a Heretic: The Roman Catholic Reasoning


Reason 1: she listened to the dictates of her own conscience and her own
reasoning rather than to the authority of the Church
Reason 1: Unwomanly and, thus, unnatural act of dressing
Saint Joan- Shaw’s Preface
The Actual Reasoning in Shaw’s perspective:
Reason 1:  like Socrates, Joan was able to humiliate, without intending
to do so, all kinds of people in high authority. 
Reason 2: Joan was uneducated country girl who was more intelligent
than the people at the helm of affairs- the church authority and
aristocracy. (she could not read or write (Marie Antoinette could not
even spell her own name at Joan's age) yet managed understand
thoroughly the political and the military situation in France with the
common sense and ability to put her views in action. Since no one would
believe that a simple country girl could be so talented, Joan attributed
her views to "her voices and visions."  
Saint Joan- Shaw’s Preface
Interpretations of Historic figure of Joan (Shakespeare to Voltaire):
Christendom and the Catholic Church of the Middle Ages.
the Holy Roman Empire of the Middle Ages.
the Feudal System of the Middle Ages.
No "neutral tribunals“/ no impartial trial

Joan was tried not as a traitor to her country but as a heretic against God
and God's Church. Her judges did not recognize national boundaries, only
the Universal Church, and the Church could not tolerate Joan's questioning
its authority.
 
Saint Joan- Shaw’s Preface
Past and Present:
Dozens were burnt in Medieval period- and several inhumane and cruel
punishments in practice in Shaw’s time( premiering year 1923/ Colonial.
The medieval Church did not tolerate Joan's individualism, the modern
world does not tolerate a person who denounces the authority in power.
Accepting a genius/ a saint in Joan’s times and today- Had she not been
captured and burned, would probably have driven the English out of
France.
However, "the real Joan [has never been] marvellous enough for us," and,
therefore, writers have often altered the facts of her life for their own
purposes. 
Saint Joan
Scene 1-the spring of the year 1429 A.D at the castle of Vaucouleurs-
Captain Robert  broiling with Steward
Joan called upon and she is asking for soldier’s attire to break the siege
of Orleans
Polly, Bertrand de Poulengey called in to check on the plans who reports
on the war status- the French perishing and there being no other
options…. (Only a miracle can save France)
God’s message (Voices)- she's to raise the siege at Orleans, crown the
Dauphin in Rheims Cathedral, and kick the English out of France all
together.
Captain Robert is finally convinced…
Saint Joan
Scene 2- in Chinon, Touraine. It is the 8th of March, 1429
The Archbishop, la Trémouille, bluebeard and Captain La Hire arguing
about divinity or saintliness of Joan--- "an angel dressed as a soldier," for
having overcome odds.
Agreement- a miracle is needed for France….
Episode on Dauphin meeting Joan- Disguise
The Archbishop asserts that the Church alone must decide what is good for
the souls of men: 
Charles (the Dauphin) and Joan left alone
Disguise
Joan announced to be the in charge of French Army replacing La Trémouille
Saint Joan
Scene 3- April 29, 1429, the bank of the river Loire in Orleans.
Dunois waiting for East Wind to turn West Wind to row up the river and
Joan comes in shining armour and the wind so turns westward
Joan want to attack the English immediately banishing all expert martial
opinions….. Miracle
Saint Joan
Scene 4- English Camp
English nobleman and Warwick, the bishop, the chaplain a tent discussing possible
reasons for French victories-  witchcraft and sorcery.
1) The Church/ theological arguements
“the Devil, he says, is employing Joan to strike at the very basis of the Catholic Church: “
If not a witch…. Then a heretic.
"The soul of this village girl is of equal value with yours or your king's before the throne
of God; and my first duty is to save it.“
The messages and authority of the church…. From guiding the king to crowning
Charles…. She is instilling Protestantism.
2) Social Arguments- the feudal hierarchy of the aristocracy is challenged. People’s
alliance will shift from feudal lords. She is instilling nationalism.
The Maid must "die for the people.“
3) de Stogumber- Absurd view- Joan should just be dead.
Saint Joan
Scene 5- Cathedral at Rheims Joan and Dunios
Duphin has just been coroneted the Charles VIIth
Dunois and Joan discuss the fate of Joan.. No friends at the court as she
has displeased them exposing their incompetence
"Before I go home, let's take Paris.“
To Archbishop, "You don't know how to begin a battle, and you don't
know how to use your cannons. And I do."
Army, the crown and the church deny alliance with Joan in case she gets
captured….
 Joan is dumbfounded. She has acted only as God has instructed her to
act; she cannot believe that the Church will not protect her now. 
Saint Joan
Scene 6-
In Rouen… The date is May 30, 1431.

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