Agriculture Sustainability: A Sensitization Session Towards Indian Agriculture and Agriculture Sustainability

Agriculture Sustainability
A sensitization session towards Indian agriculture

and agriculture sustainability
Jan 4,2011, Kuldeep Sharma

What is sustainable
development ?
• Sustainability is related to the quality
of life in a community -- whether the
economic, social and environmental
systems that make up the
community are providing a healthy,
productive, meaningful life for all
community residents, present and
future.
Key success factor
• Environmental stewardship,
• Farm profitability, and
• prosperous farming communities
Indian Agri Commodity
production
India: Facts and Figures
• The total area is 3,287,590 km2. The agricultural
sector in India accounts for 18.6% of the GDP
and involves 60% of the total labour force. The
monsoon is the predominant feature of India's
climate and helps to divide the year into four
seasons: rainy, the southwest monsoon, June–
September; moist, the retreating monsoon,
October–November; dry cool, the northeast
monsoon, December–March; hot, April–May. The
southwest monsoon brings from the Indian Ocean
the moisture on which Indian agriculture relies.
India: Facts and Figures
• During the past five years the agricultural sector
has witnessed a huge increase in the production
and productivity of food grains, oilseeds,
commercial crops, fruits, vegetables, poultry and
dairy. India has emerged as the second largest
producer of fruits and vegetables in the world. In
addition, it is also the largest overseas exporter
of cashews and spices. Other agricultural
products include: cotton, jute, tea, sugarcane,
cattle, water buffalo, sheep, goats, poultry, and
fish (FAOSTAT, 2005-06). The land use is divided
as follows: arable land 49%, permanent crops
3%, other 47% (CIA,2007) .
Which is the largest agri
produce of the world 2007?
Rice
Wheat
Cow Meat
Maize
Cow Milk
Top 10 Agri- Produce World
Top 10 Agri- Produce World
Production (Int
Rank Commodity $1000) Production (MT)
Cow milk, whole,
1 144976500 566850186
fresh
2 Rice, paddy 130994000 659590623
Indigenous Cattle
3 114771400 55491236
Meat
Indigenous
4 96440380 95235648
Pigmeat
Indigenous
5 85618380 73402695
Chicken Meat
6 Wheat 72917380 605994942
7 Hen eggs, in shell 47921000 58961474
8 Soybeans 44666580 220532612
Buffalo milk,
9 42629460 86574529
whole, fresh
Vegetables fresh
10 41856900 245079450
Which is the largest agri
produce
x
of India ?
Rice
Wheat
Cow Meat
Maize
Cow Milk
Buffalo Milk
Top 10 Agri- Produce India
Top 10 Agri- Produce India
Production Production
Rank Commodity (Int $1000) (MT)
1 Rice, paddy 29968800 144570000
2 Buffalo milk, whole, fresh 29575400 59210000

3 Cow milk, whole, fresh 11406170 42890000
4 Wheat 11242260 75800000
5 Sugar cane 6833297 355520000
6 Cotton lint 6531712 4400000
7 Vegetables fresh nes 5463880 29117400
8 Groundnuts, with shell 4205879 9183000
9 Chillies and peppers, dry 3564204 1200000
Mangoes, mangosteens,
10 3287358 13501000
guavas
Who is at 4 & 5 No in global milk
production ?
• Germany and France
• Denmark and New Zealand
• Pakistan and China
• China and Pakistan
• Pakistan and Denmark
• Australia and China
Top 10 Milk Producing Countries
Production
Rank Country
Mill MT/Y
1 India 114.4
2 United States 79.3
3 Germany 39.4
4 Pakistan 35.2
5 China 32.5
6 Russia 28.5
7 Brazil 26.2
8 France 24.2
9 New Zealand 17.3
10 United Kingdom 13.9
Source, http://www.ifcnnetwork.org/media/bilder/inhalt/Output/Press-rele-cha
Topr production India 2008
Agri commodity Production
India : World Ranking:2008
Agri Products market
Definition
• The agricultural products market consists
of cereals, roots and tubers, sugar crops,
sugars and sweeteners, oilseeds, fruit,
vegetables, vegetable oil, tree nuts,
beans and pulses, spices, coffee, tea and
cocoa. It does not include forage
products. In addition, products
consumed at a subsistence level are not
given a market value, although they are
included in market volumes.
Indian Agriculture
• Agriculture Sector is changing the

socio-economic environments of the
population due to liberalization and
globalization
• About 75% people are living in rural areas

and are still dependent on Agriculture.
About 43% of India’s geographical area is
used for agricultural activity
• Agriculture continues to play a major role in

Indian Economy
Indian Agriculture
• Provides about 65% of the livelihood
• Accounts for 17.5% of GDP 2009
• Contributes 21% of Total Exports, and Supplies Raw
materials to Industries
• Growth Rate in production - 4%
• Land use
– arable land: 48.83%
– permanent crops: 2.8%
– other: 48.37% (2005)
Environmental issues
• Deforestation; soil erosion;
overgrazing; desertification; air
pollution from industrial effluents and
vehicle emissions; water pollution
from raw sewage and runoff of
agricultural pesticides; tap water is
not potable throughout the country;
huge and growing population is
overstraining natural resources
Agricultural Resources
• Total Geographical Area (TGA) - 329 M.H

• Potential for Biological Production - 265 M.H
• Net Sown Area (NSA) - 143 M.H
• Net Irrigated Area - 56 M.H
• Area threatened by land degradation 50% of TGA
• Drought-prone Area - 190 M.H
Mile Stones in Agricultural
Development
• Green Revolution (1968)
• Ever-Green Revolution (1996)
• Blue Revolution (water, fish)
• White Revolution (Milk)
• Yellow Revolution (flower, edible)
• Bio-Technology Revolution
• ICT Revolution
Development of Indian
Agriculture : Basic Issues
• Revitalization of Cooperative
Institutions
• Improving Rural Credits
• Research, Education & Extension
• Human Resources Development
• Trade & Export Promotion
• Land Reforms
• Enabling Environment for higher
Agricultural Growth
The thrust areas:
• Diversification of Agriculture
• Inter-cropping
• Micro Management
• Water Management
• Organic Farming
• Agri-Clinics and Agri-business Centres
• Bio-Technology
Efforts on Policies, strategies
and Frameworks
• National Agriculture Policy (2000)
• National Seeds policy (2002)
• Cooperative Policy
• Agricultural Price policy
• Agricultural Extension Framework (2001)
• WTO/GATT agreement (1994)
In addition to, various working groups,
taskforces, mid-term appraisals and plan
schemes (~68)
(for further details www.agricoop.nic.in)
Technologies for Sustainable
Agricultural Development
• Biotechnology
• Pre & post harvesting technology
• Energy saving technology
• Environment protection technology
• Information and Communication
technology
• GIS & RS technology
• Internet/Intranet Technology
Agri Products India’s
Standing : A Snapshot
BEER
Levels of Processing
• The following shows how much levels
of processing vary for key segments
in the food processing industry :
• • Fruit and vegetables (2.2 percent)
• • Milk and dairy (35 percent)
• • Meat (21 percent)
• • Poultry products (6 percent)
Market Segmentation of Indian
Agri Products value wise
Market Segmentation of Indian
Agri Products value wise in South
East Asia
So what’s the big
Question ?
Could India
Become Food
basket of the
world ?
Key Issues in development of
Agro Processing Sector
• Socio Economic Environment and
Demand for Processed Foods
• Policy Issues in Food Processing
• Traditional and Subsistence Farming,
Market Linkages and Infrastructure
• Institutional: Poor linkages between
industry, Government and
institutions
• Credit and Finances
Confrontation Matrix : A tool to
identify Focus and Challenges
• Identify as much of SWOT factors as
possible.
• Select top 3 of those SWOT factors and
prioritize them as 1,2 and 3.
• Put them in to the wire frames
confrontation matrix as shown and give
them weights in +5,+3 and +1 only
columns wise.
Confrontation Matrix
O1 O2 O3 T1 T2 T3
S1
S2
S3
W1
W2
W3
Confrontation Matrix
O1 O2 O3 T1 T2 T3
S1
S2 Focus Area
S3
W1
W2 Challenge Area
W3

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Agriculture Sustainability

A sensitization session towards Indian agriculture

Jan 4,2011, Kuldeep Sharma

1 Rice, paddy 29968800 144570000

2 Buffalo milk, whole, fresh 29575400 59210000

• Agriculture Sector is changing the

• About 75% people are living in rural areas

• Agriculture continues to play a major role in

• Total Geographical Area (TGA) - 329 M.H

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