Beautiful Poems: Class Xi

Bab 4
BEAUTIFUL POEMS
CLASS XI
INTRODUCTION
Sometimes people are confused about poem and poetry. The have differences. A
poem is the arrangement of these words, while poetry is the use of words and
language to evoke a writer’s feelings and thoughts. A poem is the result, while
poetry is the process.
Poems can be talking about people, objects, animals, weather, feelings, and
anything.
On process of making poem, the poets choose the words are beauty and sound
carefully arranged. Often in short lines which rhyme. The function of poem is a way
to communicate experiences, emotions, ideas, and thoughts using rhyme, rhythm,
sound patterns, and imagery.
SOCIAL FUNCTION OF POEMS
• To give pleasure
• To entertain
• To give value of life
• A way to express feelings and emotions
STRUCTURE OF POEMS
• Line.
A row of words. This is the basic unit of poem.
• Stanza.
A stanza is a group of lines in a poem. This is often called a verse.
• Rhyme scheme.
Rhyme is a pattern of words that contain similar sound. For example AABB, AAAA, ABAB.
• Meter.
Meter is the rhythmic structure of a poem. Sometimes you can feel the meter by tapping for each
syllable.
• Line break.
A line break is where a line of poem ends. It causes the reader to pause and will determine how
poem is read.
TYPES OF POEMS
There are some main types of poems
1. Lyric poem: poem that expresses a speaker’s personal thoughts or feelings. Lyrics
poems are short.
2. Narrative poem: a poem that tells a story. Narrative poem are a little longer.
3. Epic poem: book-length works that tell a story important to an entire nation or
culture. They are often anonymous.
THERE ARE FOUR TYPES OF POEMS BASED ON THE LINE NUMBER
1. Couplet consists of two lines 2. Tercet consists of three lines

3. Quatrain consists of four lines 4. Sestet consists of six lines
5. Octave consists of eight lines

OTHER TYPES OF POEMS
OTHER TYPES OF POEMS
LANGUAGE FEATURES OF POEMS
a. Word Choice
Word choice is the writer’s selection of words determined by considering
several factors that make the poem good and effective. For examples, rather than
use small, in poem you can use tiny, petite, little, etc.
b. Symbol
A symbol is an event or physical object in the form of an object, person, or place
that represents an idea, value, or emotion. for example, the ring is a symbol of unity
and marriage, etc.
c. Tone and Mode
A poet expresses his attitudes and feelings using tone and mood, this is
expressed in the style of language or expressions used to develop the subject.
d. Imagery
Imagery is the use of a language to generate ideas and generate mental not only
from the visual senses but also emotions. For examples, The noise of your eyes / it’s
far to loud / and thus I look away (Auditory imagery)
e. Figurative Language of Figures of Speech
Figurative language is a language that expresses a meaning that is different from
the actual meaning. Figurative language is used to make the words of poetry more
colorful.
1. Onomatopoeia
Onomatopoeia is the use of words whose sound imitates or resembles the sound
it describes. For Example, Ting-ting, buzz, crack!, pop!
2. Simile
Simile is a figure of speech that expresses the similarities between things such
as like or as. For example, my love is like a rose.
3. Personification
Personification is a poetic device where animals, plants or even inanimate
objects, are given human qualities – resulting in a poem full of imagery and
description. For example, For example, The sun played peek-a-boo with the clouds.
4. Hyperbole
Hyperbole is an excessive use of figure of speech. For example, I am dying of a
shame.
5. Metaphor
Metaphors are comparisons between basically dissimilar things. For example,
The sound of the rain was music to my ears.
f. Rhythm
Rhythm is a regular sound pattern according to the beat in a poem. For example,
There was an old woman who lived in a shoe.
g. Repetition
Repetition is the use of the same word or phrase over and over again. this is intentional
in writing poetry because it has an effect. For example, I was glad; so very, very glad.
h. Alliteration
Alliteration is the use of the same consonant at the beginning of each word. In other
words, alliteration is the repetition of the first consonant in a phrase. For example, Big
blue basketball bet.
i. Assonance
Assonance is a term used for the repetition of a vowel sound in a line of text or poetry.
It can also be called the repetition of a vowel in a phrase. For example, The rain in Spain
falls mainly on the plain (repetition of the “ai” sound).
j. Rhyme
Rhyme is a word pattern that contains a similar sound. Poetry often rhymes, but not all.
Rhymes can be one-syllable words. For example, moon, spoon, June. Rhyming words can
also be more than one syllable. For example, balloon, belong, etc.
HOW TO ANALYZE A POEM
it answers the questions: What is the poet saying? and How does the poet say it?
a. Identify the subject matter and theme.
What is the poem about? What ideas is the poet expressing? What images/words, symbols, does
the poet use to convey and reinforce his/her ideas?
b. Identify the technique.
How does the poet communicate his/her ideas? It includes:
1) The structure (number of stanzas)
2) The tone (the voice or sound of the poem), for example, serious, humorous, etc.
3) The mood (feeling and atmosphere created), for example, peaceful, eerie, etc.
4) The imagery (personification, hyperbole, etc.)
5) The language (rhythm-repetition (alliteration-assonance))
6) The rhyme (sound of words. What sounds repeat?)
THAT’S ALL FOR
“BEAUTIFUL POEM”
THANK YOU
AND
KEEP LEARNING SOMETHING ENGLISH

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Bab 4

1. Couplet consists of two lines 2. Tercet consists of three lines

5. Octave consists of eight lines

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