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Language and Communication

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The Nature of Language


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Study the ff words. Which spelling is
correct? Which spelling is incorrect?
Correct? Incorrect?
1.Aeroplane
2. Airplane
3. Colonise
4. Colonize
5. Defence
6. Defense
7. Enrolment
8. Enrollment
9. Honour
10. Honor
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What is
Language?
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Language…

 It has SYSTEM OF RULES (also


known as grammar)
 A sound system (phonology)

 A vocabulary (lexicon)
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Language is capable of double articulation


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Language is -

 an abstract system of symbols and


meanings. This system includes the
rules (grammar) that relate symbols
and meanings so that we can
communicate with each other.
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 Language, our primary tool of thought and


perception, is at the heart of who we are as
individuals.

Language Acquisition
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Mother tongues
First Languages
Second languages
Language learning
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What happens if people visit


another speech community that is
different from their own?

Language change
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 What happens if you, who


speaks a mother tongue
and English, go to work in
China where the residents
speak Mandarin and a
little bit of English?
 Will you be able to
communicate with the
Chinese?
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Language contact

Language change
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 Language is indeed a
complex human capacity.
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 Language is a human capacity that consists of (a) a system
of rules (also known as grammar), (b) a sound system
(phonology), and (c) a vocabulary (lexicon)
 While growing up in a community, people acquire the
languages used by those in the community. This is the
process of language acquisition.
 The languages acquired while growing up are known as
mother tongues, which may also be referred to as first
languages.
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 Other than the first languages, there are other languages


that are needed for various reasons. These other
languages are referred to as second languages.
 People learn their second languages in school or on their
own. This is the process of language learning.
 In our interaction with other people, our languages come
into contact with other languages, resulting in language
change. Language change is a natural behavior of all
languages.
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Comprehension Questions
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1. Can animals communicate? Explain.

2. Can monkeys produce language?

3. What is the difference between language


acquisition and language learning?
4. What is the difference between first language
and second language?
5. What happens after a language comes into
contact with another?

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