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    Development of Social Case Work in U.k, Usa and in India

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    ADARSH SINHA
    The document summarizes the development of social case work in the UK, USA, and India from the 19th century to present day. It traces the origins of organized charity work in London in 1869 and how this model spread to establish "friendly visitors" and later paid agents in the UK and US. Formal social work education began in the late 19th century, and case work methodology was established by 1911 in the US. Case work was influenced by Freudian theory and adapted in response to world events like World Wars and economic crises. India's social case work was influenced by American models and the first professional social work school was established in 1936. The document notes some limitations of directly applying Western social case work models to India.

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    Development of Social Case Work in U.k, Usa and in India

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    ADARSH SINHA
    4K views6 pages
    The document summarizes the development of social case work in the UK, USA, and India from the 19th century to present day. It traces the origins of organized charity work in London in 1869 and how this model spread to establish "friendly visitors" and later paid agents in the UK and US. Formal social work education began in the late 19th century, and case work methodology was established by 1911 in the US. Case work was influenced by Freudian theory and adapted in response to world events like World Wars and economic crises. India's social case work was influenced by American models and the first professional social work school was established in 1936. The document notes some limitations of directly applying Western social case work models to India.

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    DEVELOPMENT OF SOCIAL CASE WORK IN U.K, USA AND IN INDIA

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    The document summarizes the development of social case work in the UK, USA, and India from the 19th century to present day. It traces the origins of organized charity work in London in 1869 and how this model spread to establish "friendly visitors" and later paid agents in the UK and US. Formal social work education began in the late 19th century, and case work methodology was established by 1911 in the US. Case work was influenced by Freudian theory and adapted in response to world events like World Wars and economic crises. India's social case work was influenced by American models and the first professional social work school was established in 1936. The document notes some limitations of directly applying Western social case work models to India.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    4K views6 pages

    Development of Social Case Work in U.k, Usa and in India

    Uploaded by

    ADARSH SINHA
    The document summarizes the development of social case work in the UK, USA, and India from the 19th century to present day. It traces the origins of organized charity work in London in 1869 and how this model spread to establish "friendly visitors" and later paid agents in the UK and US. Formal social work education began in the late 19th century, and case work methodology was established by 1911 in the US. Case work was influenced by Freudian theory and adapted in response to world events like World Wars and economic crises. India's social case work was influenced by American models and the first professional social work school was established in 1936. The document notes some limitations of directly applying Western social case work models to India.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 6

    DEVELOPMENT OF SOCIAL CASE

    WORK IN U.K, USA AND INDIA


    • Ancient times – individuals in every society have been helped by others to solve their
    problems.
    • Late 19th and early 20th century – it took professional shape
    • 1869 – Origin of Charity Organization Society in London.
    • The main aim of the society was to find out ways and means of helping the poor and needy and
    thus to organize used ‘volunteers’, called ‘friendly visitors’.
    • They visited the homes of the poor for the purpose of assessing their need, for rendering
    material assistance and for giving them guidance and advice.
    • These friendly visitors were subsequently called ‘paid agents’.
    • These paid helpers gradually developed systematic procedures in performing their tasks; they
    collected data, helped them after assessing and also maintained records (personal data, type of
    help rendered).
    • Case work gradually developed into a professional method.
    DEVELOPMENT
    • 1877 – Organized efforts were taken by the American Charity Organization Society in U.S.A.,
    similar to that in London.
    • The ‘paid agents’ received training in investigation, diagnosis and treatment for which the
    New York School of Philanthropy was established towards the end of the 19th century.
    • 1895 – End of 19th century in England, a concept called ‘Almoners’ (outside visitors) was
    introduced. Sir Charles Loch appointed Almoners to help hospitals to serve patients
    effectively. Almoners were similar to friendly visitors and paid agents.
    • 1898 – The first School of Social Work was established in New York.
    • 1911 – Case work had emerged in USA as an accepted formal technique. Since the early
    social workers handled cases of families in need, they were called caseworkers in USA.
    • 1914 – 1917 – The first training programme for casework started at this time, based more
    on the medical model – Summer training – started by many schools of social work –
    recognized by professionals.
    DEVELOPMENT
    • 1917 – Mary Richmond wrote her first book called ‘ Social Diagnosis’ which set forth a methodology of
    helping clients through systematic ways of assessing their problems and handling them. The book also
    introduced the principle of individualization and client’s right to self-determination.
    • Impact of World War 1(1914-1918) – The First World War made a wide impact on social case work.
    Psychiatry in this period became more important. The contribution of Freud and his followers influenced
    the method employed by the caseworkers in dealing with the individuals. CGC movement and treatment,
    prevention of mental problems and delinquency strengthened the psychological orientation of this
    approach.
    • 1920s - Various definitions of case work under the influence of Freudian theory (internal factors –
    individual responsible for his problems).caseworkers realized that responsibilities should be given to
    individuals to make decisions of their life. Professionals also began to move into other fields like prisons,
    schools, etc.
    • 1930 – Economic depression – Case workers had to consider the economic factors which were causing
    distress to clients, leading to emotional distress and breakdown. Focus shifted from individual to
    modification and manipulation of the client’s environment to enable him to adapt to his situations
    satisfactorily.
    DEVELOPMENT
    After World War II (1939-19450, with the problems of morale, leadership, propaganda, separation, communication, etc., social workers
    found social sciences more useful. There was increase in personal problems on the part of clients due to financial crises.
    • 1950s – This was an era of private practice. Professional agencies started growing in this field. Social Case work started going into the
    community. Richmond (1922), Hamilton (1951) and Pearlman (1957) also emphasized on the problems of social functioning.
    • 1960s – Lot of importance was given to research and social action. Heredity vs. environment – casework method adopted new
    techniques and principles.
    • Social Case work in India: - American case work had its influence in India, as the first professional social workers who did social case
    work in the Indian setting were trained in the American Schools of Social work.
    • 1911 – N.M. Joshi(NARAYAN MALHAR JOSHI), one of the founders of the Trade Union Movement established an organization called the
    Social Service League. The League conducted training programmes foe volunteers, whose services were later utilized for relief work
    among people suffering form famines, epidemics, floods and other disasters, and also for welfare programmes among the poor and the
    destitute.
    • 1936 - The Sir Dorabji Tata Graduate School of Social Work was started in Bombay, the training for social work changed into a full time
    career oriented, educational programme. 1946 – Social Case work figured, both as a theoretical course and also as a method of practice
    in the academic programme.
    • Social work as a profession and as an academic programme has been enlarged and enriched by new perspective, ideas and theories.
    LIMITATIONS OF SOCIAL CASE
    WORK
    • Borrowed the methodology from the West.
    • Lack of indigenous literature.
    • Lack of recognition to the field of social work.
    • In social case work specifically more focus on
    urban settings and silent on its relevance to the
    rural areas because of many reasons.
    • It is time consuming.
    THANK YOU

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