INTRODUCTION TO
INFORMATION &
COMMUNICATION
TECHNOLOGY (ICT)
LECTURE 1 : WEEK 1
CSC-110-T
Credit : (2 + 1) / Week
Course Teacher
2
Jawad Ahmed Bhutta
https://
[Link]/site/csjawadbhutta/ict-
spring-2018
Cubicle 2 BIC Room 4th floor Iqbal
Block BUKC
TEXT AND REF. BOOKS
3
Text Book:
Peter Norton (2011), Introduction to Computers, 7 /e,
McGraw-Hill
Reference Book:
Gary B (2012), Discovering Computers, 1/e, South
Western
Deborah (2013), Understanding Computers, 14/e,
Cengage Learning
June P & Dan O (2014), New Perspective on Computer,
16/e
MOBILE ALERT
4
Kindly Switch Off your Mobile/Cell Phone
OR
Switch it to Silent Mode (MUST) Please…
COURSE ASSESSMENT
5
Assignment ----------------------------- 20%
Quizzes ----------------------------- 10%
Mid Term ----------------------------- 20%
Final ------------------------------- 50%
Total -------------------------------- 100%
GOOGLE SITE ADDRESS
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FOR LECTURE NOTES AND STUDY MATERIAL
DOWNLOAD, PLEASE VISIT :
[Link]
GRADING
7
Letter Grade Percentage Grade Point
A (Outstanding) >=85 4.0
A- 80 – 85 3.67
B+ 75 – 80 3.33
B 71 – 75 3.00
B- 68 – 71 2.67
C+ 64 – 68 2.33
C 60 – 64 2.00
C- 57 – 60 1.67
GRADING
8
Letter Grade Percentage Grade Point
D+ 54 – 57 1.33
D- 50 – 59 1.00
F <50 0
9
TEACHING PLAN
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BRIEF TEACHING PLAN
BRIEF TEACHING PLAN
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COMPUTERS, INTERNET & WORLD WIDE WEB
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
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Computer Defined
Types Of Computer
Internet
The Internet’s Major Services
The World Wide Web
Understanding the World Wide Web
Understanding the HTTP
Understanding the URL
Using your browser and the World Wide Web
Searching the Web
What Is A Computer…
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An Electronic device
Converts data into information
Modern computers are digital
Two digits combine to make data
Older computers were analog
A range of values made data
Advantages Disadvantages
Speed Violationof Privacy
Reliability Impact on Labor
Consistency Force
Storage Health Risks
Communications
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Types Based On Principal Of Operation
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There are three different types of computers according to the principles of operation.
Those three types of computers are
Analog Computers
Analog Computer is a computing device that works on continuous range of values.
Digital Computers
Digital computer operates on binary number system in which there are only two digits
0 and 1. Each one is called a bit.
Hybrid Computers
A hybrid computer combines the desirable features of analog and digital computers.
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Types Based On Configuration
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There are four different types of computers when we classify
them based on their performance and capacity
Super Computers
Mainframe Computers
Mini Computers
Micro Computers
Types Based On Configuration
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Super Computers
The best in terms of processing capacity and also the most expensive ones. These
computers can process billions (floating point) of instructions per second. Used
for applications which require intensive numerical computations such as stock
analysis, weather forecasting etc.
Ex: China's Tianhe-2, IBM Blue Gene (1 Thousand Billion FLOPS/s)
Mainframe Computers
Mainframe computers can also process data at very high speeds i.e., hundreds of
million instructions per second and they are also quite expensive. Normally, they
are used in banking, airlines and railways etc
Ex: IBM System z9
Mainframe Super Computer
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Types Based On Configuration
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Mini Computers (Mid range computer)
Mini computers are lower to mainframe computers in terms of speed and storage capacity.
They are also less expensive than mainframe computers. Some of the features of
mainframes will not be available in mini computers.
Micro Computers
The invention of microprocessor (single chip CPU) gave birth to the much cheaper micro
computers i.e.
Desktop
Workstations
Laptop/Notebook
Hand Held (PDA’s) etc
What Is Internet
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A global computer network providing a
variety of information and communication
facilities, consisting of interconnected
networks using standardized
communication protocols.
The vast collection of computer networks
which form and act as a single huge
network for transport of data and
messages across distances which can be
anywhere from the same office to
anywhere in the world.
Why use the Internet?
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Apply for jobs or schools
Fill out government forms
Check bank accounts
Communicate with family, friends and co-
workers
Do research
Learn new skills
Read news
Watch videos
How to connect to the Internet
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Three main ways to connect to the Internet
Dial-Up (Old/outdated)
High Speed/DSL
Wireless Connection (Wi-Fi)
Dial-Up Internet Connection
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Dial-Up
All you need is a computer, phone-line and Internet Service Provider! (ISP)
Not as fast as other Internet connections,
but often more affordable
Internet
Your computer Landline ISP
High Speed (Cable/DSL) Connection
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Travels through fiber-optic cables
underground
Needs to be connected by a Modem to your
computer
Modem: A hub that connects the
computer to the Internet
Faster than Dial-up
Wireless Internet Connection (Wi-Fi)
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This is what the
Your computer must be a
“Wireless enabled” device
wireless symbol
Your computer can pick up
would look like if
signals from different wireless your computer was
networks connected
Some networks require
passwords or a subscription,
others are free
No physical connection Requi.
World Wide Web (WWW)
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Tim Berners-Lee and others at the
European Laboratory for Particle Physics,
more popularly known as CERN, proposed
a new protocol for information distribution
in 1991 based on hypertext
Hypertext is a system of embedding links in text to link to
other text
Today and the Future
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100,000 new web sites per month
More than 80% of U.S. households online
Access is available world wide
Concepts of E-economy, E-world
Massive impact on social lives
Internet Growth
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The Internet’s Major Services
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The World Wide Web (WWW)
Developed in 1993 by Tim-Berners
Lee
Allowed connection of documents
Required a browser to read documents
Electronic mail (e-mail)
Instantaneous transmission of
documents
The Internet’s Major Services
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News
Often called newsgroups
Electronic discussions on several topics
File Transfer Protocol (FTP)
Sends and receives files
The Internet’s Major Services
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Chat
Public real time conversation
Instant messaging
Private real time conversation
Peer-to-peer services
Allows sharing of files among users
Illegal to share copyrighted material
World Wide Web (WWW)
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T h e Wo r l d Wi d e We b i s s y s t e m o f
Internet servers that support specially
formatted documents.
The documents are formatted in a markup language
called HTML (HyperText Markup Language)
that supports links to other documents, as well
as graphics, audio, and video files.
World Wide Web : Major Parts
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The World Web is based on these technologies:
HTML - Hypertext Markup Language
HTTP - Hypertext Transfer Protocol
Web servers and Web browsers
WWW
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HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP)
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HTTP is the underlying protocol used by the World Wide Web
HTTP defines how messages are formatted and transmitted, and what
actions Web servers and browsers should take in response to various
commands
HTTP is called a stateless protocol because each command is executed
independently
The three main HTTP message types are GET, POST, and HEAD
Uniform Resource Locator (URL)
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URL is the global address of documents and
other resources on the World Wide Web
The first part of the URL is called a protocol
identifier, and the second part is called Resource
name and it specifies the IP address or the domain
name where the resource is located.
URL Explained
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[Link]
Protocol
Sub domain
Domain Name Resource Name
Top level domain
File Path/Name
Understanding The Internet
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A web browser is a software application for retrieving and
presenting information resources on the World Wide Web
OR
Browser is a software application used to locate, retrieve and
display content on the World Wide Web, including Web pages,
images, video and other files.
Read and translate the HTML
Display web content
Famous Browsers
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Search Techniques
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Quote the exact phrase
Use the keyword AND
Use the keyword NEAR
Avoid common words
Use the site’s advanced tools
Search Engine Market Share
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LEARNING OUTCOME
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After this lecture we have clear understanding of the following:
Computer, Types Of Computer
Internet, The Internet’s Major Services
Understanding the World Wide Web
Understanding the HTTP
Understanding the URL
Using your browser and the World Wide Web
Searching the Web
51 END OF LECTURE
Any Questions !!!
