Rainfall-Induced Geologic Hazards and Appropriate Responses: Prepared By: April P. Balela Edison A. Sulit

RAINFALL-INDUCED
GEOLOGIC HAZARDS
AND APPROPRIATE
RESPONSES
Prepared by:
April P. Balela
Edison A. Sulit
Key terms to be considered:
• RAINFALL [ rān 'fôl' ] The quantity of water,

usually expressed in millimeters or inches, that is
precipitated in liquid form in a specified area and
time interval. Rainfall is often considered to include
solid precipitation such as snow, hail, and sleet as
well.
• Induced is a system of logic where specific facts are
used to draw a general conclusion. It is a generic
conclusion based on specific examples. In physics, it
is the means by which electrical properties are
transferred to something else without physical
contact.
• A landslide is defined as the movement of a
mass of rock, debris, or earth down a slope.
Landslides are a type of "mass wasting,"
which denotes any down-slope movement of
soil and rock under the direct influence of
gravity. The term "landslide" encompasses
five modes of slope movement: falls,
topples, slides, spreads, and flows.
• Rainfall-induced
landslides are a
common occurrence
in terrain with steep
topography and soils
that have
degradable strength.
Rainfall infiltration
into a partially
saturated slope of
infinite extent can
lead to either a
decrease or
complete elimination
of soil suction,
compromising the
slopes' stability.
Many rainfall-induced landslides
transform into debris flows (fast-
moving slurries of water, soil, and
rock) as they travel down steep
slopes, especially those that enter
stream channels where they may
mix with additional water and
sediment.
Most
Devastating
Landslide in
the
Philippines
happened last
August 3,
1999
Areas prone to
rain-induced
landslides are
with 3 colors –
red, green,
yellow.
• is an extreme
natural events in the
crust of the earth
that pose a threat to
life and property.
GEOLOGIC
HAZARDS
For example:
earthquakes, volcanic
eruption,tsunamis
(tidal waves) and
landslides
GEOHAZARDS
Volcanic Landslides - Rock

Earthquakes -
Eruptions - Lava Falls or Slides,
Liquefaction
Flows, Ash Fall, Debris Flows,
(soils), Tsunamis.
Lahars. Mud Flows.
Floods -
Sand Blasting
Inundation, Snow Avalanches
(Windblown)
Erosion.
On existing old landslides.
On or at the base of slopes.

Areas that are
In or at the base of minor drainage
generally hollows.
prone to
At the base or top of an old fill
landslide slope.
hazards
At the base or top of a steep cut
slope.
Developed hillsides where leach

field septic systems are used.
A jointed bedrock that
has not moved in the
past.
Areas that
are typically On relatively flat-lying
considered areas away from
sudden changes in
safe from slope angle.
landslides
At the top or along the
nose of ridges, set back
from the tops of slopes.
Appropriate responses for
rainfall induced geologic
hazards or landslides
Covering Directing Draining Minimizing
Covering the land Directing surface Draining ground Minimizing

with impermeable water sources water streams irrigation on the
membranes to away from the away from the surface of the
prevent water landslides. landslides. soil.
infiltration in the
landslide.
What to do before?
Do not build near steep slopes, close to mountain edges, near drainage ways, or natural
Do not build erosion valleys.
Get a ground assessment of your property. Contact local officials, state geological surveys
Get or departments of natural resources, and university departments of geology.
Watch the patterns of storm-water drainage near your home, and note the places where
Watch runoff water converges, increasing flow in channels.
Learn about the emergency-response and evacuation plans for your area. Develop your
Learn about own emergency plan for your family or business.
Minimize Minimize home hazards

Alert
During a Landslide Stay alert and
and awake.
awake
What To Do
During a If you are in areas susceptible to
landslides and debris flows,
Consider consider leaving if it is safe to do
Landslide so.
Listen for any unusual sounds that

might indicate moving debris,
Listen such as trees cracking or boulders
knocking together.
What to do after?
Listen Watch Check Help Look

• Help a neighbor
• Listen to local • Watch for • Check for • Look for
injured and who may require
radio or and report
television
flooding, trapped persons special
stations for which may near the slide, assistance - broken
infants, elderly
the latest occur after without entering
people, and
utility lines
the direct slide and
emergency a landslide area. Direct
people with
information. or debris rescuers to their
disabilities. damaged
Elderly people
flow. locations. and people with
roadways
disabilities may and
require railways to
additional
assistance.
appropriate
authorities.
The gradually varied
Awareness, education, marine geological
preparedness, and prediction hazards have
and warning systems can characteristics of
reduce the disruptive impacts occurring slowly and
of a natural disaster on gradual development,
communities. Mitigation such as land
subsidence, coastal
measures such as adoption of erosion, and harbor
zoning, land-use practices, siltation, though it
and building codes are does not in the instant
needed, however, to prevent destroy buildings or
or reduce actual damage from bring casualties, but
hazards. the harmful range is
usually broad, and the
degree of harm.
THANK YOU
FOR
LISTENING!

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RAINFALL-INDUCED

• RAINFALL [ rān 'fôl' ] The quantity of water,

Volcanic Landslides - Rock

On or at the base of slopes.

Developed hillsides where leach

Covering Directing Draining Minimizing

Covering the land Directing surface Draining ground Minimizing

Minimize Minimize home hazards

Listen for any unusual sounds that

Listen Watch Check Help Look

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