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The Impact of Science and Technology On Society During The Industrial Revolution (A.D. 1730-A.D.1950 in The Modern World)

The document discusses the impact of science and technology on society during the Industrial Revolution from 1730-1950. It outlines important scientific developments such as Darwin's theory of evolution and Mendel's principles of genetics. Key technological advances are also described like James Watt's improved steam engine, machine tools for cutting metal parts, and advances in transportation, housing, and consumer goods. The document provides context around how these changes impacted work, industry, and daily life during this transformative period.

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Ramses Malalay
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2K views

The Impact of Science and Technology On Society During The Industrial Revolution (A.D. 1730-A.D.1950 in The Modern World)

The document discusses the impact of science and technology on society during the Industrial Revolution from 1730-1950. It outlines important scientific developments such as Darwin's theory of evolution and Mendel's principles of genetics. Key technological advances are also described like James Watt's improved steam engine, machine tools for cutting metal parts, and advances in transportation, housing, and consumer goods. The document provides context around how these changes impacted work, industry, and daily life during this transformative period.

Uploaded by

Ramses Malalay
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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The Impact of Science and Technology on

Society during the Industrial Revolution


(A.D. 1730-A.D.1950 in the Modern World)
Objectives:
 Describe the impact of science and
technology on society during the
Industrial Revolution;
 Recognize and appreciate the works of
the different proponents of the Industrial
Revolution period.
Modern Science
 Albert Einstein- theory of relativity
 Radioactive isotopes- used as tracers in
complicated chemical and biochemical reactions
and have also found application in geologic dating.
 Introduction of Microscope by Janseen team.
 Charles Darwin- natural selection. (Origin of
Species)
 Gregor Mendel- theory of Genetics; Mendelian
Principles of Heredity.
 Louis Pasteur- father of microbiology.
(Pasteurization)
Modern Science
 Hugo de Vries- interpreted in terms of mutations
that result in a genetically distinct species.
 The development of Biochemistry and most
important biological processes. DNA
(Deoxyribonucleic Acid)- genetic code
 Modern medicine- profited the explosion of
knowledge in biology and biochemistry.
(penicillin, insulin, and a vast array of other drugs
of pacemakers for weak hearts and of
implantation of artificial or donated organs)
Modern Science
 Astronomy- larger telescopes assisted the discovery
that the sun is a rather ordinary star in a huge collection
of stars, Milky Way, and galaxies.
 Electromagnetic radiation- remote objects; billion of
light years from the earth that has been carried out all
wavelengths.
 Electronics industry- advanced of complex device,
such as computer that have filled an entire room that
can be carried in an attaché case.
 Watt steam engine- made of iron and fueled primarily
of coal, widely used in Great Britain during the
Industrial Revolution.
Important Technological Developments
 Metallurgy: a major change in the metal industries
during the era of the Industrial Revolution was the
replacement of wood and other bio-fuels with coal.
 James Watt and Matthew Boulton: steam engine;
which incorporated a series of radical improvements.
 Machine Tools: created a demand for metal parts
used in machinery; led to the development of several
machine tools for cutting metal parts.
Important Technological Developments
 Chemicals: large scale production of chemicals such
as sulphuric acid by the lead chamber process was
invented by John Roebuck.
 Cement: Joseph Aspdin, patented a chemical
process for making Portland cement which was
important advance in the building trades.
 Gas Lightning: William Murdoch; large-scale
gasification of coal in furnaces, the purification of
gas (removal of sulphur, ammonia, and heavy
hydrocarbons).
Important Technological Developments
 Glass making: new method in producing glass,
known as the cylinder process. It was used by
Chance Brothers to create sheet glass.
 Paper machine: a machine for making a
continuous sheet of paper on a loop of wire fabric
was patented in 1798 by Nicholas Louis Robert.
 Agriculture: improved agricultural productivity
freed up workers to work in other sectors of the
economy.
Important Technological Developments
 Transportation: at the beginning of the industrial
revolution, inland transport was navigable rivers
and roads, with coastal vessels employed to move
heavy goods by sea. Wagons ways were used for
conveying coal to rivers for further shipment.
 Food and Nutrition: food supply had been
increasing and prices falling before the Industrial
Revolution due to better agricultural practices.
Important Technological Developments
 Housing: living conditions during the
industrial revolution varied from
splendour for factory owners to squalor
for workers.
 Clothing and consumer goods:
consumers benefited from falling prices
for clothing and household articles.
DO YOU KNOW?
Hubble Space Telescope (HST)
 Orbiting observatory that
was launched into orbit by
the space shuttle discovery
in 1990. The telescope was
named after American
astronomer Edwin P.
Hubble, it is the biggest
space observatory that
weighs 11 tonnes and 13.1
m long and 4.3 m across.
Rocket
 It was the first vehicle
to leave the earth. It is
propelled upward by
hot exhaust gases
streaming from
nozzles at the tail. The
world`s most powerful
rocket is the Soviet
Energya.
THANKS 
Reference:
 Aldea, K.I, Caronan, H., Candido, Ma. (2018)
Science, Technology, and Society.

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