1.electronic Design Process

Electronic System Design
Process
What is design?
What is Design Process?
• Design takes up a set of specifications and provides a most
acceptable solution that meets all the requirements.
• Design includes all aspects of a product (electrical, mechanical,

thermal and so on).
• Process breaks down this multi-disciplinary design into simple

steps which are easily implementable.
Design Process and Its
Fundamentals
• The key issues at this stage are
Can I completely identify all the challenges in front of me?
Can I identify the competencies my team should have to complete this. If

gaps exist, can I acquire those competencies quickly?
How many design tasks are there and can I launch them in Series/Parallel
fashion
How to develop/test and validate system/subsystem designs?
Final system Integration

A typical product development: 8 major
steps
1. Market research
2. Product specifications
3. Design planning
4. Hardware/Software/Firmware
Selection
5. Circuits and drawings
6. PCB Layout and fabrication
7. Prototype and documentation
8. Launch Manufacturing
Electronic Design and development
cycle
System
Requirements
Functional Schematics
Definitions PCB definitions
Requiremen Electronics Component
Project t Capture Design
definitions
Requirement Thermal
Bill of materials
Parameters ASIC Definitions
Software
Customer Mechanical Packaging Power Dissipation
Design
expectation Outline Values
Thermal
Design
Product planning and development process
• What is product design process?

The complete process of conceiving an idea and converting it into a viable
product thro a systematic design development and production process,
distributing it through a marketing process and providing customer support
• What is product planning ?

Product planning process is the stage where an idea is converted into a
tangible design concept and is taken up by the Management for approval.
Product planning Process

• In a successful product planning process, the project is
approved, resources (people, funds,infra structure) are planned
and provided.
Multiple Projects
Evaluate and Allocate

Complete
Complete Pre Product
Identify Project Resources Complete Pre
Opportunities prioritize and Plan PreProject
Project Developme
Project
planning nt Process
Projects Timing planning
planning
Product planning Process
• The product plan will undergo changes based on the feedback

from design, manufacturing, sales and customer support teams
The Product Development Process
Product Design & Procurement Manufacturing Marketting Service &

Planning Engineering & Support
Distribution
• Continuous Process
• Multi-diciplinary (design and development, engineering,

manufacturing, QA, sales and marketing, purchasing, customer
support)
1. Product planning
• Is the product feasible? If yes is it profitable? Is it in line with the company’s
strengths?
• If yes to all above, the Management approves the product development.
• Product concept is discussed thoroughly, with the target market, price and
time in mind.
• The product concept is split into smaller modules (subsytems)
• The product designer assesses the technical feasibility and approximate cost
to produce
2. Design and Engineering
• The design addresses functional requirements, Expected Performance/Features,
Aesthetics (Shape or form factor), BOM Cost, When to market, DFM, modularity,
Reliability
• Emphasis on simple architecture, lowest bill of material (BOM) and ease of high
volume production
• Subsystems will be designed and developed for their specifications
• System will have modular design so that field repairs can be faster and done by
Low Tech employees.
• Bill Of Materials:
Bill of materials(BOM)
 A bill of materials (BOM) is a comprehensive inventory of the raw materials, assemblies,
subassemblies, parts and components, quantities of each, needed to manufacture a product.
 In a nutshell, it is the complete list of all the items that are required to build a product.
 BOM cost is the most critical and important specification that will determine the profitability of
the organisation
2. Design and engineering
• Subsytems will be integrated and a complete system design
evaluation will be performed
• A batch of prototypes will be done (say 5 to 10) to establish
repeatable performance
• Generation of production drawings
• Testing procedures will be made.
• Transfer of technology will happen between design group and
manufacturing group
• Marketing and sales will be trained by the design group
• Customer support will be trained by the design group
3.Purchasing and Out sourcing
• Based on the BOM Purchase Department should
1. Come up with a procurement plan
2. Find vendors who can supply mechanical assemblies, plastic parts, electronic
components
3. Find PCB suppliers, out sourcing partners and packaging material suppliers
4. Follow JIT (Just-in-Time) inventory system
• Cost estimate of the BOM is the responsibility of Purchase Department
• Cost reduction is responsibility of every group in the organisation.
• BOM cost is most critical & important specification that will determine the
profitability of the organisation
4. Production
• When a prototype testing is successful, transfer of technology

begins between R&D and Manufacturing groups.
• Important documents(Bill of Material, Circuit Diagrams,etc..) will

be exchanged between these two groups
• Bill of Material
5. Sales and Marketing
• The sales group will have to put in place a distribution network

consisting of distributors, dealers, whole salers and retailers, small and
large accounts.
• Marketing include advertising and promos to create a demand (pull)

in the market
• Marketing should analyse the risk potential from competitors and

advise the organisation.
6. Customer Support
• How can we minimize customer support costs?
• Make worst case designs.
• Use quality components and parts.
• Follow good manufacturing and soldering process.
• Take care of thermal designs.
• The design must be modular so that the field repairs are faster and can
be done by low tech people
• Deploy remote trouble shooting thro on line connectivity as far as
possible
Product
Concept
Product
Requireme
nt
Product Design & Procurement Marketing & Service &

Manufacturing Distribution
Planning Engineering Support
System
Architectur
e
Trade –
off
analysis
Circuit
Diagram
Physical
Design
Main stages of the product life cycle
• Research & development - researching and developing a product before it is
made available for sale in the market
• Introduction – launching the product into the market
• Growth – when sales are increasing at their fastest rate
• Maturity – sales are near their highest, but the rate of growth is slowing down,
e.g. new competitors in market or saturation
• Decline – final stage of the cycle, when sales begin to fall

Extending the Product Life Cycle- Strategies
• Advertising – try to gain a new audience or remind the current audience
• Price reduction – more attractive to customers
• Adding value – add new features to the current product, e.g. improving the
specifications on a smartphone
• Explore new markets – selling the product into new geographical areas or
creating a version targeted at different segments
• New packaging – brightening up old packaging or subtle changes

Evaluating Product Life Cycle Model
• It is used to predict a likely shape of sales growth for a typical

product.
• Not all products follow the classic life cycle model
• For example, some products may enjoy a very sharp growth
phase, but may quickly move into a sharp decline phase. (E.g:
Pagers).
• They are replaced by superior products from competitors/
technology improvements.
• Other products with particularly long life cycles seem to enjoy
a maturity phase that lasts for years.

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Electronic System Design

• Design includes all aspects of a product (electrical, mechanical,

• Process breaks down this multi-disciplinary design into simple

Can I identify the competencies my team should have to complete this. If

Final system Integration

• What is product design process?

• What is product planning ?

Evaluate and Allocate

• The product plan will undergo changes based on the feedback

Product Design & Procurement Manufacturing Marketting Service &

• Multi-diciplinary (design and development, engineering,

• If yes to all above, the Management approves the product development.

• The product concept is split into smaller modules (subsytems)

• Subsystems will be designed and developed for their specifications

4. Follow JIT (Just-in-Time) inventory system

• Cost estimate of the BOM is the responsibility of Purchase Department

• Cost reduction is responsibility of every group in the organisation.

• When a prototype testing is successful, transfer of technology

• Important documents(Bill of Material, Circuit Diagrams,etc..) will

• The sales group will have to put in place a distribution network

• Marketing include advertising and promos to create a demand (pull)

• Marketing should analyse the risk potential from competitors and

• Make worst case designs.

• Use quality components and parts.

• Follow good manufacturing and soldering process.

• Take care of thermal designs.

Product Design & Procurement Marketing & Service &

• Research & development - researching and developing a product before it is

made available for sale in the market

• Introduction – launching the product into the market

• Growth – when sales are increasing at their fastest rate

e.g. new competitors in market or saturation

• Decline – final stage of the cycle, when sales begin to fall

• Advertising – try to gain a new audience or remind the current audience

• Price reduction – more attractive to customers

• New packaging – brightening up old packaging or subtle changes

• It is used to predict a likely shape of sales growth for a typical

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