Permanent Magnet DC Motor

Permanent Magnet DC Motor
The Permanent Magnet DC Motor (also known as a PMDC motor) consists of an armature winding
as in case of an usual motor, but does not necessarily contain the field windings. The
construction of these types of DC motor are such that, radially magnetized permanent magnets
are mounted on the inner periphery of the stator core to produce the field flux.
• The permanent magnet motor uses a magnet to supply field flux.

• Permanent magnet DC motors have excellent starting torque capability with good speed regulation.
• A disadvantage of permanent magnet DC motors is they are limited to the amount of load they can
drive. These motors can be found on low horsepower applications.
• Another disadvantage is that torque is usually limited to 150% of rated torque to prevent
demagnetization of the permanent magnets.
Types of Permanent Magnet Materials
• There are three types of Permanent Magnet Materials used in PMDC Motor. The detailed
information is given below.
• Alnicos
- Alnicos has a low coercive magnetizing intensity and high residual flux density. Hence, it is
used where low current and high voltage is required.
• Ferrites
- They are used in cost sensitive applications such as Air conditioners, compressors, and
refrigerators.
• Rare earths
- Rare earth magnets are made of Samarium cobalt, neodymium-iron-boron. They have a high
residual flux and high coercive magnetizing intensity. The rare earth magnets are exempted
from demagnetizing problems due to armature reaction. It is an expensive material.
> The Neodymium iron boron is cheaper as compared to Samarium cobalt. But it can withstand
higher temperature. Rare earth magnets are used for size-sensitive applications. They are used
in automobiles, servo industrial drives and in large industrial motors.
Applications of the Permanent Magnet DC Motor
• The PMDC motors are used in various applications ranging from fractions
to several horsepower. They are developed up to about 200 kW for use in
various industries. The following applications are given below.
• PMDC motors are mainly used in automobiles to operate windshield
wipers and washers, to raise the lower windows, to drive blowers for
heaters and air conditioners etc.
• They are also used in computer drives.
• These types of motors are also used in toy industries.
• PMDC motors are used in electric toothbrushes, portable vacuum
cleaners, food mixers.
• Used in a portable electric tool such as drilling machines, hedge trimmers
etc.
DC Series Motor
- The DC Series Motor is similar to any other motor because the main function of this
motor is to convert electrical energy to mechanical energy. The operation of this motor
mainly depends on the electromagnetic principle. Whenever the magnetic field is formed
approximately, a current carrying conductor cooperates with an exterior magnetic field,
and then a rotating motion can be generated.
* In a series DC motor the field is connected in

series with the armature.The field is wound with
a few turns of large wire because it must carry
the full armature current.
* A characteristic of series motors is the motor
develops a large amount of starting torque.
However, speed varies widely between no load
and full load. Series motors cannot be used
where a constant speed is required under
varying loads.
* Series-connected motors generally are not suitable for use on most variable
speed drive applications.
DC Series Motor Advantages

• The advantages of the DC series motor include the following.
• Vast starting torque
• Easy assembly and simple design
• Protection is easy
• Cost-effective
DC Series Motor Disadvantages

• The disadvantages of DC series motor include the following.
• The motor speed regulation is fairly poor. When the load speed increases then the machine
speed will decrease
• When the speed is increased, then the DC series motor’s torque will be decreased sharply.
• This motor always needs the load before running the motor. So these motors are not suitable
for where the motor’s load is totally removed.
Compound
Motors
- Compound motors have a field connected in series with the armature and a
separately excited shunt field. The series field provides better starting
torque and the shunt field provides better speed regulation.
Briefly, we can say that Dc compound motor

is a combination of both a shunt wound Dc
motor and series wound Dc motor which
means that compound motor has the
advantage of high starting torqueand efficient
speed regulation so it can be used in
industrial applications include: Drivers,
Freight elevators, Stamping Presses, Rolling
mills, Mixers, Reciprocating machines, And
metal shears.
END

Permanent Magnet DC Motor

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Permanent Magnet DC Motor

• The permanent magnet motor uses a magnet to supply field flux.

* In a series DC motor the field is connected in

DC Series Motor Advantages

DC Series Motor Disadvantages

Briefly, we can say that Dc compound motor

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