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    Kuliah Jamur Genetika 2014

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    Maskur Fahmi Ädibas
    Fungi are eukaryotic microbes that include mushrooms, molds, yeasts, and some parasites. They have cell walls containing chitin and membranes containing ergosterol. Fungi exist as either multicellular filaments called hyphae or unicellular yeasts. They reproduce asexually through budding or spores and sexually through the fusion of male and female strains. Most fungi are decomposers that live saprophytically on dead plants and animals, but some are parasites that can cause mycoses infections in tissues. There are over 100,000 known fungal species classified into divisions based on spore type and reproduction method.

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    Kuliah Jamur Genetika 2014

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    Maskur Fahmi Ädibas
    66 views22 pages
    Fungi are eukaryotic microbes that include mushrooms, molds, yeasts, and some parasites. They have cell walls containing chitin and membranes containing ergosterol. Fungi exist as either multicellular filaments called hyphae or unicellular yeasts. They reproduce asexually through budding or spores and sexually through the fusion of male and female strains. Most fungi are decomposers that live saprophytically on dead plants and animals, but some are parasites that can cause mycoses infections in tissues. There are over 100,000 known fungal species classified into divisions based on spore type and reproduction method.

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    Fungi are eukaryotic microbes that include mushrooms, molds, yeasts, and some parasites. They have cell walls containing chitin and membranes containing ergosterol. Fungi exist as either multicellular filaments called hyphae or unicellular yeasts. They reproduce asexually through budding or spores and sexually through the fusion of male and female strains. Most fungi are decomposers that live saprophytically on dead plants and animals, but some are parasites that can cause mycoses infections in tissues. There are over 100,000 known fungal species classified into divisions based on spore type and reproduction method.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    66 views22 pages

    Kuliah Jamur Genetika 2014

    Uploaded by

    Maskur Fahmi Ädibas
    Fungi are eukaryotic microbes that include mushrooms, molds, yeasts, and some parasites. They have cell walls containing chitin and membranes containing ergosterol. Fungi exist as either multicellular filaments called hyphae or unicellular yeasts. They reproduce asexually through budding or spores and sexually through the fusion of male and female strains. Most fungi are decomposers that live saprophytically on dead plants and animals, but some are parasites that can cause mycoses infections in tissues. There are over 100,000 known fungal species classified into divisions based on spore type and reproduction method.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 22

    Mikroba eukariot:

     Fungi
     Algae
     Protozoa
     Parasitic helminths

    2
    Peran fungi

     decomposer
     Sumber antibiotik
     Membantu proses pembuatan makanan
     Efek negatif: mycoses, produksi toxin, merusak
    makanan

    3
    Kingdom Fungi
     Terdiri dari >100,000 species dibagi menjadi 2
    groups:
     macroscopic fungi ( mushrooms)
     microscopic fungi (molds, yeasts)
     Dari >1oo,000 species yang ditemukan  ± 100
    spesies patogen bagi manusia.

    4
    Penyakit yang ditimbulkan oleh infeksi
    fungi:
    Penyakit yang ditimbulkan oleh infeksi
    fungi:
    Pokok Bahasan

     Karakteristik fungi
     Morfologi
     Reproduksi
     Nutrisi
     Epidemiologi
     Klasifikasi Fungi
     Infeksi Fungi  mycoses
    1. Morfologi Fungi

     Dinding sel: mengandung chitin


     Membran sel: mengandung ergosterol
     Mikroskopik: memiliki 2 macam morfologi:
     yeast – berbentuk bulat-oval
     hyphae – berbentuk filamen , disebut juga:molds

     Beberapa fungi mempunyai kedua fase


    tersebut  disebut sbg fungi dimorphic
    merupakan karakteristik jamur patogen
    8
    Yeast
     Unicellular fungi, nonfilamentous, typically
    oval or spherical cells. Reproduce by
    mitosis.
     Yeasts are facultative anaerobes, which
    allows them to grow in a variety of
    environments.
     When oxygen is available, they carry out aerobic respiration.
     When oxygen is not available, they ferment carbohydrates to produce
    ethanol and carbon dioxide.
    Morfolog
    i yeast

    10
    Hyphae / Molds
     Multicellular, filamentous fungi (Long filaments of cells
    joined together)
     Identified by physical appearance, colony characteristics,
    and reproductive spores.
     Hiphae:
     Septate hyphae: Cells are divided by cross-walls (septa).
     Coenocytic (Aseptate) hyphae: Long, continuous cells that are not
    divided by septa.
     Part of hiphae:
     Vegetative Hypha: Portion that obtains nutrients.
     Reproductive or Aerial Hypha: Portion connected with reproduction.
     Mycelium: Large, visible, filamentous mass made up of
    many hyphae.
    Morfologi hiphae/molds

    12
    Morfologi Hiphae / Molds
    Mycelium: Large, Visible Mass of
    Hyphae
    Dimorphic Fungi

     Can exist as both multicellular fungi (molds) and


    yeasts.
     Many pathogenic species.
     Mold form produces aerial and vegetative hyphae.
     Yeast form reproduces by budding.

     Dimorphism in pathogenic fungi typically depends


    on temperature:
     At 37oC: Yeast form.
     At 25oC: Mold form.

     Dimorphism in nonpathogenic fungi may depend


    on other factors: Carbon dioxide concentration
    2. Reproduksi Fungi
     Hiphae : form spores
     asexual reproduction – spores are formed through
    budding or in conidia or sporangiospores
     sexual reproduction – spores are formed following
    fusion of male & female strains & formation of sexual
    structure
     Yeast : Asexual reproduction by mitosis
     Fission yeasts: Divide evenly to produce two new cells
     Budding yeasts: Divide unevenly by budding
    Budding yeasts can form pseudohypha, a short chain of
    undetached cells.

    16
    Asexual mold spores

    17
    4 main divisions based on
    spore type

    1. Zygomycota (Conjugation Fungi)


    2. Ascomycota (Sac Fungi)
    3. Basidiomycota (Club Fungi)
    4. Deuteromycota – no sexual spores

    18
    I. Zygospores: Also known as
    bread molds.

    19
    II. Ascospores

    20
    III. Basidospores

    21
    Nutrisi Fungi
     heterotrophic
     Mayoritas tidak membahayakan, hidup secara
    saprofit pada tumbuhan atau hewan yang mati
     Beberapa mrpkn parasit yang hidup pada jaringan
    organisme lain  infeksi jamur mycoses
     growth temperature 20o-40oC

    22

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