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2018 Counseling Patients On Stress Management

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Counseling Patients on

Stress Management
Nicole Jacobs, Ph.D., Lisa Calvo, M.D., Aaron Dieringer, M.D.
Practice of Medicine
Stress: Its Not Just for Medical
Students
 Many of your patients will tell you they are stressed

 Long term stress contributes to many health problems


 Sahler & Carr: Majority of illness seen by PCP’s
 Patients somaticize stress
 Felleti: ACE scores lead to illness
 Stress contributes to hypertension and cardiovascular disease
 Stress can have an impact on mortality

 Patients with stress are more likely to see physicians than


mental health specialists
 Physicians should talk with patients about stress management
Stress Management Strategies

 Coping Strategies: Action, Palliation, Avoidance

 Defense Mechanisms: Immature and mature

 Cognitive flexibility: perception

 Social Support

 Sleep

 Activity, fun, pleasant events

 Distraction
Stress Management Strategies

 Relaxation (deep breathing, yoga, meditation, mindfulness)

 Progressive muscle relaxation

 Biofeedback

 Religion/Spirituality

 Support groups

 Therapy

 Medication (antidepressants, anxiolytics)

 Apps for relaxation, deep breathing, muscle relaxation, meditation

 Others?
Assess for Negative Coping

 Alcohol/Drugs

 Psychotic, Immature, Neurotic Defense Mechanisms

 Avoidance

 Withdrawal/Social isolation

 Some negative coping can lead to psychiatric illness (OCD,


Depression, suicidal ideation, etc.)
 Self injurious behaviors (cutting, burning, bingeing and
purging, etc.)
 For adolescents: HEADSS assessment
Counseling Patients on
Stress Management
 Normalize and validate stress

 Discourage negative coping strategies

 Discuss connection between stress and medical condition

 Educate patients about positive coping alternatives

 Can use motivational interviewing techniques

 What has worked well in the past for the patient?

 What is the patient willing to do?

 Put it in the treatment plan


 Consider a behavioral prescription

 Role play in pairs


Case 1
 Very anxious patient with hypertension, tension
headaches. How do you counsel him/her on stress
management?
Case 2
 Patient complains of panic attacks due to stress from
work, and doesn’t want to take medications. What
do you suggest for managing stress?

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