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Potential Energy and Conservation of Energy: (Chapter 8)

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Febrina Rahayu

This document summarizes key concepts in potential energy and conservation of energy from a physics textbook chapter. It discusses: 1) Conservative and non-conservative forces, and examples of each. 2) Potential energy, and how the work done by a conservative force depends only on the particle's initial and final positions, not the path taken. 3) Conservation of mechanical energy, which states that the total mechanical energy of a system remains constant when the only force is conservative. It also provides brief explanations of potential energy stored in springs and Einstein's theory of mass-energy equivalence.

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Potential Energy and Conservation of Energy: (Chapter 8)

Uploaded by

Febrina Rahayu
50 views14 pages
This document summarizes key concepts in potential energy and conservation of energy from a physics textbook chapter. It discusses: 1) Conservative and non-conservative forces, and examples of each. 2) Potential energy, and how the work done by a conservative force depends only on the particle's initial and final positions, not the path taken. 3) Conservation of mechanical energy, which states that the total mechanical energy of a system remains constant when the only force is conservative. It also provides brief explanations of potential energy stored in springs and Einstein's theory of mass-energy equivalence.

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CHAPTER 8

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This document summarizes key concepts in potential energy and conservation of energy from a physics textbook chapter. It discusses: 1) Conservative and non-conservative forces, and examples of each. 2) Potential energy, and how the work done by a conservative force depends only on the particle's initial and final positions, not the path taken. 3) Conservation of mechanical energy, which states that the total mechanical energy of a system remains constant when the only force is conservative. It also provides brief explanations of potential energy stored in springs and Einstein's theory of mass-energy equivalence.

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© All Rights Reserved
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
50 views14 pages

Potential Energy and Conservation of Energy: (Chapter 8)

Uploaded by

Febrina Rahayu
This document summarizes key concepts in potential energy and conservation of energy from a physics textbook chapter. It discusses: 1) Conservative and non-conservative forces, and examples of each. 2) Potential energy, and how the work done by a conservative force depends only on the particle's initial and final positions, not the path taken. 3) Conservation of mechanical energy, which states that the total mechanical energy of a system remains constant when the only force is conservative. It also provides brief explanations of potential energy stored in springs and Einstein's theory of mass-energy equivalence.

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© All Rights Reserved
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POTENTIAL ENERGY AND

CONSERVATION OF
ENERGY
( CHAPTER 8 )
Unit Chapter 8
1. Conservative & Nonconservative Forces
2. Potential Energy
3. Conservation of Mechanical Energy
4. Potential Energy Stored In A Spring
5. Massa-Energy
1. Conservative & Nonconservative Forces
A FORCE IS
“CONSERVATIVE” IF:
 “ the work this force does on an object that
moves between two points depends only on the
position of these two points and not on the
path.”

 “the work this force does on an object that


moves through a round trip is zero.”

 Example: gravity, force of a spring.


A FORCE IS “NON-
CONSERVATIVE” IF:
 “the work it does on an object that moves
between two points depends on the path
taken.”

 “the work it does on an object that moves


through a round trip is not zero.”

 Example: friction, tension, normal force,


propulsion forces.
2
2 .. P
P O
O T
T E
E N
N T
T II A
A L
L E
E N
N E
E R
R G
G Y
Y

the work done by a conservative force does not


depend on the path taken by the particle and is
indevendent of the particle's volecity. The work
done is a function only of the particle's initial and
final coordinates. For these reasons, we can define
a pontential energy function U such that the work
done equals the decrease in the pontential energy.
that is, the work done by a concervative force F as
the particle moves along the X axis is1.
xf
Potential
Wc  f
xi
x dx U iU f  U Energy

Defining the change in the potential anergy as


Δu = uf - ui , we can express
xf

U U f U i   F dx
xi
x
3.Conservation of Mechanical Energy
difened the total mechanical energy of the
system, E, as the sum of the kinetic energy and
potential energy, we can express the
conservation of mecanical energy as :

Ei  E f E  k u
Where k is kinetic enrgy and u potential energy

The law of concervative of mechanical energy


states that the total mechanical energy of a system
remains constant if the only force that does work is
a concervative force
4.Potential Energy Stored In A Spring
defined as the elastic potential energy stored in
the spring,denoted by the symbol Ug ;
 Potential energy stored in a sping

The total mechanical energy of the block spring system

  1 2 1 2 1 2
𝐸= 𝑚 𝑣 𝑖 = 𝑚 𝑣 𝑓 + 𝑘𝑥 𝑓
2 2 2

where xi=0
5.Massa-Energy
The theory of relativity develoved by Einstein
1905 showed that these concepts of mass and
energy must be modified .In particular,one the
consequences of the theory of the relativity is that
mass and energy are not conserved separately,but
are conserved as a single entity called mass
energy.that is energy and mass are consier to be
equivalent.Let us pursue tis iea further by stating
some result of the theory of relativity.
 
Relativistik kinetic energy

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