Lesson 1 - Laws of Motion

Science 8
Prayer
Father God
Come be with us today
Fill our hearts with joy
Fill our minds with learning
Fill our lesson with fun
Fill our friendship with kindness
Fill our school with love
AMEN.
Checking Of
Attendance
Law of Motion
No
What is the
relationship
between these
Isaac
Newto
n
• English physicist and
mathematician
• Considered as one of the
greatest scientists of his
generation
• Newton formulated the
laws of motion and universal
gravitation.
UNIVERSAL GRAVITATION
Explains the attraction between
every particle in the universe
• Newton postulated that the
force that causes an apple to
fall from a tree to the ground
is the same force that pulls
the moon toward the center of
the Earth.
Relationship Between
Force and Motion
Force is a push or a
pull that results from
an interaction between
objects.
Vectors are quantities
that have both
magnitude and
direction.
Vectors are quantities
that have both
magnitude and
direction. Displacement
Velocity
Acceleration
Magnitude is the Size or length
of the vector.
Direction is the line or course

on which the vector is being
directed.
2 TYPES OF FORCES
Direct No direct
contact contact
with each between
other. objects.
Have you ever wondered?
The object will
continue to
move unless
force stops it
It’s because of
the External
Forces
External Forces- are
those that are not part
of the forces present
within the system
Gravity and Friction
Gravity is the force
that attracts a body
toward the center of
the earth
Normal force is the
force that counters
gravity
Why does normal
force is the counter of
gravity?
Newton (N) is the standard unit of force
1 newton = acceleration of an object

Motion is the continuous
change in position of an
object with respect to a
reference point Speed
Velocity
Acceleration
Balance Force
Unbalanced Force
Newton’s notable works is his
discovery of the three laws of
motion. His work on the laws
of motion is considered to be
great significance as these
laws became the principles
on which other theories on
motion were based.
Newton’s First
An object at rest will stay at rest,
Law
and an object in motion will stay
in motion at constant velocity
unless acted upon by an
unbalanced force.
Law of Inertia
Newton’s First
Law
An object that in motion
continues to move with the same
velocity unless acted on by an
unbalanced force
Uniform in motion is
Law of Inertia
motion is a straight
path with no change
in speed or direction
Inertia is the resistance of
an object to a change in its
state of rest or uniform
motion.
Greater the mass of an object
=
The greater the Inertia
Larger mass has a

great tendency to
remain at rest
• That apple thing? Never
happened
• He was a stutterer, but it puts
him in good company.
• His dog set his laboratory on
fire, ruining 20 years of
research.
• He wasn't expected to survive
as a child
The net force on an
Second Law of Motion
object is equal to the
product of its mass and
“Law of Acceleration”
accelerationa
Greater mass
=
Greater amount of force needed to accelerate
Acceleration is the rate at which
the velocity of a body changes
with time. It can be a change in
the speed of the objects motion,
its direction or both.
My bicycle requires
more force to accelerate
easily
My bicycle is
accelerating so
easily
The law of acceleration can be expressed as:
F= Force
F m= mass
a= acceleration
m a
The law of acceleration can be expressed as:
a= F/m
F F= m x a
m=F/a
m a
Sample Problem
Engineers at the Johnson Space Center must determine
the net force needed for a rocket to achieve an
acceleration of 70 m/s2 . If the mass of the rocket is
45,000 kg, how much net force must the rocket
develop?
F= m x a
F= (45,000 kg) x (70 m/s2 )
F= 3,150,000 kg m/s2
F= 3,150,000 N
Sample Problem
What force must act on a 50.0 – kg
mass to give it an acceleration of 0.30
m/s2 ?
F= m x a
F= (50.0 kg) x (0.30 m/s2 )
F= 15 kg m/s2
F= 15 N
Sample Problem
Suppose a 0.60 kg ball of mass is hit
with a force of 12 n. What will be its
acceleration?
a= F/m
a= 12 N / 0.60 kg
a= 12 kg m/s2 / 0.60 kg
a= 20 m/s2
Note: 1 Newton (N) = 1kg m/s2
Sample Problem
A 2 kg box is pushed with a net force
of 20 N
a= F/m
a= 20 N / 2 kg
a= 20 kg m/s2 / 2 kg
a= 10 m/s2
Sample Problem
A net force of 15 N is exerted on an
encyclopedia to cause it to accelerate at a
rate of 5 m/s2. Determine the mass of the
encylopedia
m= f/a
m= 15 N / 5 m/s2
m= 15 kg m/s2 / 5 m/s2
m= 3 kg
Summary
When a force acts on an object, it
will accelerate in the direction of
the force with an amount directly
proportional to the force exerted
while inversely proportional to the
mass of the object.
“You are exerting force”
ACTION + REACTION
Third Law Of Motion

Law of Interaction
For every action, there is an
equal and opposite reaction
Third Law Of Motion
Law of Interaction
The size of the forces on the first object equals
the size of the force on the second object.
The direction of the force on the first object is
opposite to the direction of the force on the
second object
Law of Interaction
Equal Opposite
Law of Interaction
Action force
Reaction
force
1-3. 3 Newton's
Law of Motion?
4. Formula for finding
Acceleration
5. What law of motion states
that “ an object at rest will stay
at rest , and an object in motion
will stay in motion at constant
velocity, unless acted upon by
an unbalanced force.” ?
6. Who postulated /
discover the three laws
of motion?
7. It is the resistance of
an object to a change in
its state of rest or
uniform motion.
8. What is the standard
unit for force?
9. It is the force that
attracts a body toward
the center of the earth.
10. It is the continuous
change in position of an
object with respect to a
reference point.
BOOK ACTIVITY
Answer Chapter Test page 16 and 17
A and B

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Science 8

Direction is the line or course

1 newton = acceleration of an object

Larger mass has a

Third Law Of Motion

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