The document discusses applications of nanobiosensors and silicon nanowire biosensors specifically. It provides examples of biological and environmental applications of nanobiosensors, including DNA sensors, immunosensors, and bacteria sensors. It then describes how silicon nanowire biosensors work as field-effect transistors, detecting changes in conductance when target molecules bind to receptor molecules on the nanowire surface. Finally, it discusses three key elements of nanosensor response: settling time, sensitivity, and selectivity, and introduces a simulation tool called BioSensorLab that can model and predict these performance metrics.
The document discusses applications of nanobiosensors and silicon nanowire biosensors specifically. It provides examples of biological and environmental applications of nanobiosensors, including DNA sensors, immunosensors, and bacteria sensors. It then describes how silicon nanowire biosensors work as field-effect transistors, detecting changes in conductance when target molecules bind to receptor molecules on the nanowire surface. Finally, it discusses three key elements of nanosensor response: settling time, sensitivity, and selectivity, and introduces a simulation tool called BioSensorLab that can model and predict these performance metrics.
The document discusses applications of nanobiosensors and silicon nanowire biosensors specifically. It provides examples of biological and environmental applications of nanobiosensors, including DNA sensors, immunosensors, and bacteria sensors. It then describes how silicon nanowire biosensors work as field-effect transistors, detecting changes in conductance when target molecules bind to receptor molecules on the nanowire surface. Finally, it discusses three key elements of nanosensor response: settling time, sensitivity, and selectivity, and introduces a simulation tool called BioSensorLab that can model and predict these performance metrics.
The document discusses applications of nanobiosensors and silicon nanowire biosensors specifically. It provides examples of biological and environmental applications of nanobiosensors, including DNA sensors, immunosensors, and bacteria sensors. It then describes how silicon nanowire biosensors work as field-effect transistors, detecting changes in conductance when target molecules bind to receptor molecules on the nanowire surface. Finally, it discusses three key elements of nanosensor response: settling time, sensitivity, and selectivity, and introduces a simulation tool called BioSensorLab that can model and predict these performance metrics.
Environmental Applications • Detection of environmental pollution and toxicity • Agricultural monitoring • Ground water screening • Ocean monitoring Military Applications Biomedical Applications of Nanobiosensors • Detection of diabetes • Immunoassay (detection of Ab-Ag reaction) • Application in cancer • Detection of pathogenic bacteria Silicon Nanowire Biosensors Two dimensional 2D cylindrical nanowires are more sensitive to adsorbed charges e.g., DNA, protein, etc. compared to one dimensional 1D planar ion-sensitive field- effect transistor ISFET
The detection limit of a typical 2D nanowire
sensors for the same response time is three to four orders of magnitude higher compared to planar 1D sensor Working principle SiNW sensors are typical FET-based devices, which contain source, drain and gate electrodes. The source and drain electrodes bridge the semiconductor channel, while the gate electrode modulates the channel conductance. The SiNW connected between the source and the drain in the semiconductor channel serves as the sensing component of the device. The typical structure of SiNW biosensors for the detection of biomolecules is illustrated in Fig. 1a. To detect a specific target, a receptor molecule, which recognizes the target molecule, is immobilized on the SiNW surface. As shown in Fig. 1b, taking the example of a n-type immunologically modified SiNW sensor, the semiconductor channel has a uniform conductance determined by the electron density. When the surface receptors are exposed to the target molecule, carrying negative charges, specific binding will lead to a decrease in conductance. The electronic detection system then collects the conductance. Three Elements of Nanosensors The reaction of a sensor is identified by
• Settling time - time taken by the sensor to produce a stable signal change. t is determined by the concentration of the analyte bio-molecules, ability to bind to the receptor molecules .
• Sensitivity - the relative change in the attribute of a sensor when a target molecule is attached on sensor surface. For a range of analyte concentrations, it predicts the relative change in conductance of the Nanowire sensor at a particular ion concentration.
• Selectively - it is the most important criterion for the biosensor evaluation. The ability of receptors to bind with the desired target in the presence of various other biomolecules. The relevant parameters involve geometry of the surface (planar, cylindrical, etc.), footprint of the molecules Simulation: BioSensorLab BioSensorLab is a numerical simulator tool in nanohub to predict the performance metrics for various types of label-free, electronic biosensors The main purpose of BioSensorLab is provide rough theoretical estimate of the performance parameters of nanobiosensors (Settling time, Sensitivity and Selectivity). The theoretical model is based on self-consistent solutions of Diffusion-Capture model (for the Settling time response), Poisson-Boltzmann and Drift-Diffusion Equations (for electrolyte screening and conductance modulation) and the statistical properties of bio- molecule adsorption (Selectivity). Results Further Discussion
