This document discusses 17 significant archaeological discoveries in Philippine history. It provides details on artifacts such as the "Yawning" Jarlet of Leta-Leta Cave, which is the earliest pot recovered in the country. It also describes human remains such as the Callao Man foot bone that is estimated to be 67,000 years old. Additionally, it outlines historic structures like the Butuan "Mother Boat" plank boat estimated to be around 800 years old. The document emphasizes the importance of preserving Philippine cultural heritage and archaeological sites.
This document discusses 17 significant archaeological discoveries in Philippine history. It provides details on artifacts such as the "Yawning" Jarlet of Leta-Leta Cave, which is the earliest pot recovered in the country. It also describes human remains such as the Callao Man foot bone that is estimated to be 67,000 years old. Additionally, it outlines historic structures like the Butuan "Mother Boat" plank boat estimated to be around 800 years old. The document emphasizes the importance of preserving Philippine cultural heritage and archaeological sites.
This document discusses 17 significant archaeological discoveries in Philippine history. It provides details on artifacts such as the "Yawning" Jarlet of Leta-Leta Cave, which is the earliest pot recovered in the country. It also describes human remains such as the Callao Man foot bone that is estimated to be 67,000 years old. Additionally, it outlines historic structures like the Butuan "Mother Boat" plank boat estimated to be around 800 years old. The document emphasizes the importance of preserving Philippine cultural heritage and archaeological sites.
This document discusses 17 significant archaeological discoveries in Philippine history. It provides details on artifacts such as the "Yawning" Jarlet of Leta-Leta Cave, which is the earliest pot recovered in the country. It also describes human remains such as the Callao Man foot bone that is estimated to be 67,000 years old. Additionally, it outlines historic structures like the Butuan "Mother Boat" plank boat estimated to be around 800 years old. The document emphasizes the importance of preserving Philippine cultural heritage and archaeological sites.
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ARCHEOLOGICAL
ARTIFACTS Presenter: Mahinay, Ivy M. ARTIFACTS
These refer to any objects that were made by
people during a certain time and place for a specific use. These could refer to tools, clothing, jewelry, and pottery, among others. 17 MOST INTENSE ARCHAEOLOGICAL DISCOVERIES IN PHILIPPINE HISTORY The “Yawning” Jarlet of Leta-Leta Cave. The Callao Man. The Laguna Copper Plate Inscription (LCI). The Flying Elephant of Lena Shoal. The Manunggul Jar. Oton Death Mask. Bolinao Skull. Maitum Anthropomorphic Burial Jar. 17 MOST INTENSE ARCHAEOLOGICAL DISCOVERIES IN PHILIPPINE HISTORY Butuan “Mother Boat.” San Diego’s Astrolabe. The “Death Blanket” of Banton, Romblon. The Limestone Tombs of Mt. Kamhantik. Batanes Castle. The Calatagan Ritual Pot. The Golden Tara of Agusan. The Angono Petroglyphs. The 700,000-year-old Rhino Hunting Tools. THE “YAWNING” JARLET OF LETA-LETA CAVE the “earliest pot recovered in the country” Discovered by Dr. Robert Fox in Leta-Leta Cave, Northern Palawan in 1965 Associated with the Late Neolithic period (approximately 1000 to 1500 BC) It was excavated in a burial site where a stone adze YAWNING JAR THE CALLAO MAN 2007, Dr. Armand Mijares of U.P. Diliman Town of Peñablanca, Cagayan The said skeletal remain–specifically the third metatarsal of the foot–is said to be “the earliest human fossil found in the Asia-Pacific region.” “uranium-series dating,” the foot bone is approximately 67,000 years old,
The foot bone discovered in Callao Cave was
a mere 61 millimeters or 2.4 inches. THE LAGUNA COPPER PLATE INSCRIPTION (LCI)
Accidentally discovered in 1986 near the
mouth of Lumbang River “the earliest historical document in the country and also the only pre-Spanish document discovered so far” measures 7 x 12 inches when unrolled THE FLYING ELEPHANT OF LENA SHOAL “this blue-and-white dish with flying elephant design is one of only two pieces ever recovered in the world” retrieved from the Lena Shoal wreck site in Palawan in 1997 Far Eastern Foundation for Nautical Archaeology (FEFNA) and the National Museum. Made during the Middle Ming Dynasty (ca. 1500) MANUNGGUL JAR The Manunggul jar was only one of several stunning artifacts discovered in Chamber A Manunggul Cave in Lipuun Point, Palawan by a group of archaeologists who investigated the site from 1962 to 1965. Measuring 66.5 x 51.5 cms, the Manungggul jar is actually a secondary burial jar used to store the bones of someone who was previously buried. The lid features a “spirit boat” or “ship of the dead” carrying two souls on a journey to the afterlife. OTON DEATH MASK 1960, by Alfredo Evangelista and F. Landa Jocan. It consists of a gold nose-disc and eye-mask, and both found in a gravesite in San Antonio, Oton, Iloilo. The gold mask dated from the late 14th to the early 15th century A.D. is the first of its kind recovered in the Philippines. “gold mask serving as an amulet against evil spirits.” The practice of using a gold mask to cover the face of the dead was brought to the Philippines by the southern Chinese. BOLINAO SKULL Bolinao Skull is only one of 67 skulls recovered from the Balingasay Archaeological Site in Bolinao, Pangasinan. They were found along with several Early Ming dynasty (1368-1644) ceramics. “The skulls have teeth that are decorated with gold ornaments, a symbol of wealth and bravery during the prehistoric era.” It stands out because gold scales were observed: “on the buccal surfaces of the upper and lower incisors and canines.” MAITUM ANTHROPOMORPHIC BURIAL JAR 1991, National Museum excavated several clay burial jars in Ayub Cave, Pinol, Maitum, Saranggani Province. These Metal Age (ca. 5 BC to 225 AD) jars depict human beings and feature three types of heads: Plain, with perforations, and with red (hematite) and black (organic matter) paints. Maitum Anthropomorphic Burial Jar No. 21 it is the only jar depicting a male sex organ. has a navel, two arms, two ears (which seem to be both right ears), and two nipples. The head is perforated while the lips were painted with red hematite. Maitum Anthropomorphic Burial Jar No. 21 BUTUAN “MOTHER BOAT.” 2012, biggest balangay (plank boat) in Philippine history was recovered in Butuan City. Estimated to be around 800 years old, the newly- discovered Butuan “mother boat” may be centuries older than the European ships that landed in the archipelago in the 16th century, and even predates Magellan’s arrival and death in 1521. National Museum archeologist Dr. Mary Jane Louise A. Bolunia “mother boat” was estimated to be at least 25 meters long and considered as “safekeeping” boat where trade goods and supplies were stored SAN DIEGO’S ASTROLABE San Diego was a Spanish galleon that sank on December 14, 1600, claiming the lives of 259 people. 1992, shipwreck was discovered off Fortune Island in Nasugbu, Batangas. The artifacts recovered were cannons, anchors, guns, Mexican jars, and a rare navigational device called an astrolabe. Estimated to be 400 years old, the San Diego’s astrolabe now a National Cultural Treasure is one of only two existing astrolabes in the world. THE “DEATH BLANKET” OF BANTON, ROMBLON A piece of the blanket used by Filipinos in the 13th to 14th centuries to wrap a corpse. Found in the 1960s inside the Guyangan Cave in Banton, Romblon along with other artifacts such as Ming period blue and white ceramics. Also known as ikat, the piece of burial cloth is said to be the oldest existing cloth in the country and possibly the oldest warp ikat textile in Southeast Asia. THE LIMESTONE TOMBS OF MT. KAMHANTIK March 1, 2011, National Museum archaeologists unearthed a total of 15 limestone tombs and other valuable artifacts in Mt. Kamhantik near Mulanay town in Quezon province. Archaeological site is a part of a 280-hectare government protected land is believed to be the area where a 1,000-year-old village once stood. “this burial ground features limestone coffins–a first in the Philippines and a proof that our ancestors also used a more advanced burial ritual.” BATANES CASTLE 1994, Dr. Eusebio Dizon, went to Batanes with a team of experts for an extensive archaeological project. One of their surprising discoveries was a triangular-shaped hill at Savidug, a municipality in Sabtang. They learned that this was one of four high rocky formations locally known as ijang (also spelled as idjang). The inhabitants of Savidug Idjang survived by fishing and hunting, as evidenced by several ecofacts found in the area such as skeletal remains of fish, birds, and other animals. THE CALATAGAN RITUAL POT National Cultural Treasure dated back to the 14th and 16th centuries discovered by diggers in an archaeological site in Calatagan, Batangas in 1958, and subsequently donated to the National Museum in 1961. Measuring 12 cm. high and 20.2 cm. at its widest and weighing 872 grams, “this pot is considered as the country’s oldest cultural artifact with pre-Hispanic writing.” It is distinct because of the mysterious ancient symbols inscribed on its shoulder. The Golden Tara of Agusan figurine of a female deity is the first image identified to be of Indian origin. 1917, accidentally discovered by a Manobo woman on the banks of the Wawa River in Agusan, Mindanao after heavy rain. Philippines’ pioneer prehistorian H. Otley Beyer declared it as “the most spectacular find yet made in Philippine archaeology.” which measures five and a half inches tall and weighs nearly four pounds of 21-carat gold It is now displayed in the Field Museum of Natural History in Chicago, USA. The Angono Petroglyphs Over 120 engraved figures on a rock wall in Angono, Rizal. Petroglyphs cover the majority of the rock wall, which measures around 63 meters wide and 5 meters tall. Besides the wall carvings, fragmented earthenware and stone tools were also found. Dating of the artifacts suggested that the rock shelter was used during the Neolithic age (around 2500 BC), making the Angono Petroglyphs the oldest known work of art in the Philippines to date. According to UNESCO, the Angono Petroglyphs are “symbolic representations associated with healing and sympathetic magic”. The 700,000-year-old Rhino Hunting Tools
2014, researchers uncovered the fossil remains
of a rhinoceros dated to be around 700,000 years old. they also uncovered over 57 stone tools along with the rhino fossils. Upon observing various tool marks on the bones, the researchers came to the conclusion that the stone tools were used to hunt and butcher the animal for its meat. WHAT CAN YOU DO TO PRESERVE OUR HERITAGE? Conducting plantation programme, awareness programme, cleanliness program , and implimation of strict rules and regulation. Spend time with other members of the community. The best way to preserve your culture is to keep it alive. Gather as a group not just for holidays, but for ordinary meals, events, or just conversation. Culture and its heritage reflect and shape values, beliefs, and aspirations, thereby defining a people's national identity. It is important to preserve our cultural heritage, because it keeps our integrity as a people. THANK YOU!