Solid Geometry Lesson 1

Lesson 1
In Geometry, we have different

DIMENSIONS
The number of dimensions is how
many values are needed to
locate points on a shape.
One Dimensional Figures
A One Dimensional Figure is a figure that can be measured in only ONE way,
such as length or width, but not both. These figures are lines, some of them
straight, others curved, but they are all linear. They don't enclose a shape. We
measure one dimensional figures with linear units such as millimetre,
centimetre, metre, or kilometre. When you measure your height, you are
measuring yourself in one dimension.
My height is 5 feet 4 inches ( 1 dimension )

Two Dimensional Figures
Two Dimensional Figures can be measured in TWO ways or directions, such
as length AND width. These are closed plane figures like squares, circles or
polygons of any shape or size. We measure 2 aspects of two-dimensional figures.
The perimeter or distance around the outside, expressed in linear units; and
the area or space enclosed by the perimeter expressed in square units.
Triangl Quadrilateral Pentagon Hexago

e 3 4 sides 5 sides n 6
sides
sides
3 cm
The perimeter of the square is 4 x 3 cm = 12 cm.
3 cm
The area of the square is 3 cm x 3 cm = 9 cm2.
Three Dimensional Figures
Three Dimensional Figures are called solids. We
measure them in three dimensions: length ,
width, and height or altitude. We use linear units
for the perimeter, square units to measure the
surface area, and cubic units to measure the
volume or capacity of the solid.
Solid Geometry is the geometry

of three-dimensional space.
It is called three-dimensional, or
3D because there are three
dimensions: width, depth and
height.
Do you know the names given to these
common 3D solid objects ?
L K
M
N I J
H
F G
D
C
A B E
Can you named them one by one ?
Hemisphere
Two Main Types of Solids
(they must have flat faces) (if any surface is not flat)
Decide which solid below is a POLYHEDRA
and which solid is Non Polyhedra type
POLYHEDR Non Polyhedra
A
Propert ie
sSolids have properties (special things about them),
such as :
• volume (think of how much water it could hold)

• surface area (think of the area you would have to
paint)
• how many vertices (corner points), faces and
edges they
have
A face is the flat surface of a solid figure.
An edge is formed when two faces meet.
It is a straight line segment.
A vertex is a point where edges meet.
Counting Faces, Vertices and Edges
The cube has :

* 6 Faces
* 8
Vertices
(corner
points)
* 12 Edges
The prism has :

* 5 Faces
* 6
Vertices
A cuboid has :
* 6 Faces
* 8
Vertices (corner points)
* 12 Edges
A cone has :
* 2 Faces
* 1
Vertices
(corner
A square pyramid has :
* 5 Faces
* 5 Vertices (corner
points)
* 8 Edges
A *octahedron
8 Faces has :
* 6 Vertices (corner points)
* 12 Edges
A sphere has :
* 1 Faces
* 0
Vertices
(corner
points)
* 0 Edge
h
e
A cylinder has :
* 3 Faces
* 2 Edge
A tetrahedron has :
* 4
Faces
* 4
Vertices (corner points)
* 6
Edge
The icosahedron has :

* 20 Faces
* 30 Edges
The dodecahedron has :

* 12 Faces
* 30 Edges
Interesting facts
When we count the number of faces(flat faces), vertices
(corner points), and edges of a polyhedron, we discover an
interesting thing :
The number of faces plus the number
of
vertices minus the number of edges equals
2.
This can be written neatly as a little equation :
F + V  E = 2
The number of faces plus the number of
vertices minus the number of edges equals 2.
Area and Surface Area
There is a distinction between area (A) and
surface area (SA).
Area describes the measure of the
two- dimensional space enclosed by a
shape.
Surface area is the sum of all the areas of
the faces of a three-dimensional solid.
Area
Surface Area
A cross-section is the intersection of a three-dimensional
figure and a plane.
A cross section is the shape you get when

cutting straight across an object.
A cross-section is the intersection of a three-dimensional
figure and a plane.
The cross-section
The cross-section
is a hexagon.
is a point.
The cross-section The cross-section

is a pentagon. is a triangle.
Uniform cross section
A uniform cross section
is the shape you
when get cutting straight
across an object.
Base Area
Uniform cross section
A uniform cross section will give you the same shape
wherever you cut them.
The lowest part. The surface that a solid object
stands on, or the bottom line of a shape such
as a triangle, rectangle or a circle.
Prisms and Pyramids are named according to
the shape of their bases.
Quiz Answer
A Pentagonal prism D Square pyramid D Triangular pyramid
C Pentagonal Pyramid A Triangular prism

Can you fill in the blank
with the words below to
make it rhyme.
tall hat
drop there
Can you fill in the blank
with the words below to
make it rhyme.
tall hat
drop there
Assignment
1. Print out Worksheet 1 and do it.

2. Read Mathematics Junior3 (Book 1)
Chapter 6

Solid Geometry Lesson 1

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Lesson 1

In Geometry, we have different

My height is 5 feet 4 inches ( 1 dimension )

Triangl Quadrilateral Pentagon Hexago

Solid Geometry is the geometry

• volume (think of how much water it could hold)

The cube has :

The prism has :

The icosahedron has :

The dodecahedron has :

This can be written neatly as a little equation :

A cross section is the shape you get when

The cross-section The cross-section

A Pentagonal prism D Square pyramid D Triangular pyramid

C Pentagonal Pyramid A Triangular prism

1. Print out Worksheet 1 and do it.

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