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    Name:Abin.S.Changayil Topic: Carbon An Important Element Roll No.08

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    Macklin Dsouza
    Carbon is an important element that was first discovered in 1789 by Latin chemist Antoine Lavoisier. It exists abundantly in nature in both free and combined states, such as in diamond, graphite, carbonates, and as 0.27% of the Earth's crust. Carbon exists in different allotropes including crystalline forms like diamond and graphite, which have defined molecular structures, and amorphous forms like coal that lack structure. The various allotropes of carbon have different physical properties but the same chemical properties.

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    Name:Abin.S.Changayil Topic: Carbon An Important Element Roll No.08

    Uploaded by

    Macklin Dsouza
    18 views11 pages
    Carbon is an important element that was first discovered in 1789 by Latin chemist Antoine Lavoisier. It exists abundantly in nature in both free and combined states, such as in diamond, graphite, carbonates, and as 0.27% of the Earth's crust. Carbon exists in different allotropes including crystalline forms like diamond and graphite, which have defined molecular structures, and amorphous forms like coal that lack structure. The various allotropes of carbon have different physical properties but the same chemical properties.

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    COVALENT BONDS

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    COVALENT BONDS

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    Carbon is an important element that was first discovered in 1789 by Latin chemist Antoine Lavoisier. It exists abundantly in nature in both free and combined states, such as in diamond, graphite, carbonates, and as 0.27% of the Earth's crust. Carbon exists in different allotropes including crystalline forms like diamond and graphite, which have defined molecular structures, and amorphous forms like coal that lack structure. The various allotropes of carbon have different physical properties but the same chemical properties.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    18 views11 pages

    Name:Abin.S.Changayil Topic: Carbon An Important Element Roll No.08

    Uploaded by

    Macklin Dsouza
    Carbon is an important element that was first discovered in 1789 by Latin chemist Antoine Lavoisier. It exists abundantly in nature in both free and combined states, such as in diamond, graphite, carbonates, and as 0.27% of the Earth's crust. Carbon exists in different allotropes including crystalline forms like diamond and graphite, which have defined molecular structures, and amorphous forms like coal that lack structure. The various allotropes of carbon have different physical properties but the same chemical properties.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 11

    NAME:ABIN.S.

    CHANGAYIL

    TOPIC: CARBON AN IMPORTANT ELEMENT

    ROLL NO.08
    DISCOVERY

    1.Carbon was first discovered by Latin Chemist


    ANTONIE LAVOISER in the year 1789.
    2.  Carbon gets its name from the Latin word
    "carbo" meaning charcoal or coal.

    3.It is denoted by symbol “C”


    OCCURRENCE.

    • Carbon can be found abundantly in nature in free state as well as combined state.
    • Carbon can be found in free state in diamond and graphite and combined state in
    carbonates, calamine etc.
    • In earth’s crust carbon is present approximately 0.27% in the form of carbonate, coal,
    petroleum.
    • In atmosphere carbon is present in the form of carbon-dioxide gas approximately 0.03%
    ALLOTROPES:

    • When an element exist more than one form in chemically but differs from each physically is known
    as allotropes i.e. both element will have same chemical properties but will have different physical
    properties.
    • The element carbon exhibits such properties which is categorized as crystalline form and amorphous
    form.
    • In crystalline form,the molecular structure of elements have perfect and fine crystal like shape and
    structure while in amorphous the molecular structure of element is irregular and powdered shape.
    ALLOTROPES OF CARBON

    CRYSTALLINE FORM. AMORPHOUS FORM.

    • It has a regular and definite arrangement of


    • It does not have definite arrangement of atoms.
    atoms.
    • They have low melting and boiling point
    • They have high melting and boiling point
    • It have uneven shape and rough surface.
    • It has definite geometrical shape sharp edges
    and plane surfaces. • Example: coal, lignite.

    • Examples: Diamond,Graphite.
    CRYSTALLINE : DIAMOND
    • Every Carbon Atom is bonded to 4 neighboring atoms by covalent bond
    • It does not dissolve in any solvent also it has melting point at 3500˚C
    • Acid and Base have no effect on diamond and its is a bad conductor of
    Electricity.
    • It can be use for glass cutting, rock drilling, ornaments, eye surgery and
    act as window for protection from radiation in space aircraft.
    CRYSTALLINE : GRAPHITE
    • Every carbon atom in graphite is bonded to 3 other carbon atoms in
    such a way that a hexagonal layered structure is formed.
    • It is black, soft, brittle and slippery.
    • It does not dissolve in most of the solvent
    • It can be use for making lubricants, carbon electrodes, pencils and in
    paints.
    CRYSTALLINE :
    FULLERENE
    • Molecules of fullerene are found to be in the form of bucky balls
    and bucky tubes.
    • There are 30 to 900 carbon atoms in One molecule.
    • It is only soluble in organic solvents.
    • It is used as an insulators, super conductors and as a catalyst in water
    purification.
    AMORPHOUS : COAL
    • It contains carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and occurs in solid state.
    • There are various form of coals depending on percent content of carbon.
    • For ex : Peat contains 60% of carbon , while lignite contains 70% of carbon and
    bituminous coal contains 90% of carbon and anthracite contains 95% of carbon
    rest proportion is filled with water content respectively.
    • It can be used as fuel in factories and as coal gas and coal tar and sometimes for
    generation of electricity.
    AMORPHOUS : CHARCOAL
    • Charcoal is made from bones, horns etc from the animals
    • It can also be made from the combustion of wood in an
    insufficient supply of air.
    • It can be used for treating poisoning and intestinal gas
    and helps for healing wounds.
    THANK YOU !

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