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Linear Programming

linear programming

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bhushan
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23 views

Linear Programming

linear programming

Uploaded by

bhushan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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EXCEL SOLVER

• Solver is a Microsoft Excel add-in program you can use for what-if analysis. Use Solver to find an optimal
(maximum or minimum) value for a formula in one cell — called the objective cell — subject to constraints, or
limits, on the values of other formula cells on a worksheet.
• Solver works with a group of cells, called decision variables or simply variable cells that are used in computing the
formulas in the objective and constraint cells.
• Solver adjusts the values in the decision variable cells to satisfy the limits on constraint cells and produce the result
you want for the objective cell.

• Put simply, you can use Solver to determine the maximum or minimum value of one cell by changing other cells.
For example, you can change the amount of your projected advertising budget and see the effect on your projected
profit amount
HOW TO ADD EXCEL SOLVER

• For Excel 2010 and later, go to File > Options

Note: For Excel 2007, click the Microsoft Office Button Office button image , and then click Excel Options.

• Click Add-Ins, and then in the Manage box, select Excel Add-ins.

Click Go.

• In the Add-Ins available box, select the Solver Add-in check box, and then click OK.

Notes: If the Solver Add-in is not listed in the Add-Ins available box, click Browse to locate the add-in.

• If you get prompted that the Solver Add-in is not currently installed on your computer, click Yes to install it.

• After you load the Solver Add-in, the Solver command is available in the Analysis group on the Data tab.
FORMULATING LINEAR PROBLEM IN EXCEL

Example
A firm produces three products. These products are processed on three different machines.The time required to manufacture
one unit of each of the three products and the daily capacity of the three machines are given in the table below:

It is required to determine the daily number of units to be manufactured for each product. The profit per unit for product 1,
2 and 3 is Rs. 4, Rs.3 and Rs.6 respectively. It is assumed that all the amounts produced are consumed in the market.
Formulate the mathematical (L.P.) model that will maximize the daily profit.
FORMULATING LINEAR PROBLEM IN EXCEL

• Step 1
From the study of the situation find the key-decision to be made. In the given situation key decision is to decide the
extent of products 1, 2 and 3, as the extents are permitted to vary.
• Step 2
Assume symbols for variable quantities noticed in step 1. Let the extents (amounts) of products 1, 2 and 3
manufactured daily be x1, x2 and x3 units respectively.
• Step 3
Express the feasible alternatives mathematically in terms of variable. Feasible alternatives are those which are
physically, economically and financially possible. In the given situation feasible alternatives are sets of values of x1,
x2 and x3 units respectively. where x1, x2 and x3 ≥ 0. since negative production has no meaning and is not feasible.
FORMULATING LINEAR PROBLEM IN EXCEL

• Step 4
Mention the objective function quantitatively and express it as a linear function of variables. In the present situation, objective
is to maximize the profit.
i.e., Z = 4x1+ 3x2 + 6x3
• Step 5

Put into words the influencing factors or constraints. These occur generally because of constraints on availability (resources)
or requirements (demands). Express these constraints also as linear equations/inequalities in terms of variables.
Here, constraints are on the machine capacities and can be mathematically expressed as
2x1+ 3x2 + 2x3 ≤ 440
4x1+ 0x2 + 3x3 ≤ 470
2x1+ 5x2 + 0x3 ≤ 430
SOLUTION
INTERPRETATION

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