R Programming Examples

Find Minimum and Maximum

>x
[1] 5 8 3 9 2 7 4 6 10
> # find the minimum
> min(x)
[1] 2
> # find the maximum
> max(x)
[1] 10
> # find the range
> range(x)
[1] 2 10
 Take input from user

my.name <- readline(prompt="Enter name: ")

my.age <- readline(prompt="Enter age: ")
# convert character into integer
my.age <- as.integer(my.age)
print(paste("Hi,", my.name, "next year you will
be", my.age+1, "years old."))
 OUTPUT

Enter name: Mary

Enter age: 17
[1] "Hi, Mary next year you will be 18 years old."
 Sort a Vector
>x
[1] 7 1 8 3 2 6 5 2 2 4
> # sort in ascending order
> sort(x)
[1] 1 2 2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
> # sort in descending order
> sort(x, decreasing=TRUE)
[1] 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 2 2 1
> # vector x remains unaffected
>x
[1] 7 1 8 3 2 6 5 2 2 4
 Index of the sorted vector instead of the
values

> order(x)
[1] 2 5 8 9 4 10 7 6 1 3
> order(x, decreasing=TRUE)
[1] 3 1 6 7 10 4 5 8 9 2
 Find the factorial of a number
# take input from the user
num = as.integer(readline(prompt="Enter a number: "))
factorial = 1
# check is the number is negative, positive or zero
if(num < 0) {
print("Sorry, factorial does not exist for negative numbers")
} else if(num == 0) {
print("The factorial of 0 is 1")
} else {
for(i in 1:num) {
factorial = factorial * i
}
print(paste("The factorial of", num ,"is",factorial))
}
 OUTPUT

Enter a number: 8
[1] "The factorial of 8 is 40320"
 Sample From a Population
>x
[1] 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17
> # sample 2 items from x
> sample(x, 2)
[1] 13 9
> # sample with replacement
> sample(x, replace = TRUE)
[1] 15 17 13 9 5 15 11 15 1
> # if we simply pass in a positive number n, it will sample
> # from 1:n without replacement
> sample(10)
[1] 2 4 7 9 1 3 10 5 8 6
> sample(c("H","T"),10, replace = TRUE)
[1] "H" "H" "H" "T" "H" "T" "H" "H" "H" "T"
 Find the factorial of a number
# take input from the user
num = as.integer(readline(prompt="Enter a number: "))
factorial = 1
# check is the number is negative, positive or zero
if(num < 0) {
print("Sorry, factorial does not exist for negative numbers")
} else if(num == 0) {
print("The factorial of 0 is 1")
} else {
for(i in 1:num) {
factorial = factorial * i
}
print(paste("The factorial of", num ,"is",factorial))
}
 R Program to find the multiplicationtable (from 1 to 10)

# take input from the user

num = as.integer(readline(prompt = "Enter a
number: "))
# use for loop to iterate 10 times
for(i in 1:10) {
print(paste(num,'x', i, '=', num*i))
}
 OUTPUT
Enter a number: 7
[1] "7 x 1 = 7"
[1] "7 x 2 = 14"
[1] "7 x 3 = 21"
[1] "7 x 4 = 28"
[1] "7 x 5 = 35"
[1] "7 x 6 = 42"
[1] "7 x 7 = 49"
[1] "7 x 8 = 56"
[1] "7 x 9 = 63"
[1] "7 x 10 = 70"
 R Program to Check Prime Number
# Program to check if the input number is prime or not
# take input from the user
num = as.integer(readline(prompt="Enter a number: "))
flag = 0
# prime numbers are greater than 1
if(num > 1) {
# check for factors
flag = 1
for(i in 2:(num-1)) {
if ((num %% i) == 0) {
flag = 0
break
}
}
}
if(num == 2) flag = 1
if(flag == 1) {
print(paste(num,"is a prime number"))
} else {
print(paste(num,"is not a prime number"))
}
Output 1
Enter a number: 25
[1] "25 is not a prime number"

Output 2
Enter a number: 19
[1] "19 is a prime number"
 R Program to check Armstrong Number
# take input from the user
num = as.integer(readline(prompt="Enter a number: "))
# initialize sum
sum = 0
# find the sum of the cube of each digit
temp = num
while(temp > 0) {
digit = temp %% 10
sum = sum + (digit ^ 3)
temp = floor(temp / 10)
}
# display the result
if(num == sum) {
print(paste(num, "is an Armstrong number"))
} else {
print(paste(num, "is not an Armstrong number"))
}
Output 1
Enter a number: 23
[1] "23 is not an Armstrong number"

Output 2
Enter a number: 370
[1] "370 is an Armstrong number"
 R Program to Print the Fibonacci Sequence
# take input from the user
nterms = as.integer(readline(prompt="How many terms? "))
# first two terms
n1 = 0
n2 = 1
count = 2
# check if the number of terms is valid
if(nterms <= 0) {
print("Plese enter a positive integer")
} else {
if(nterms == 1) {
print("Fibonacci sequence:")
print(n1)
} else {
print("Fibonacci sequence:")
print(n1)
print(n2)
while(count < nterms) {
nth = n1 + n2
print(nth)
# update values
n1 = n2
n2 = nth
count = count + 1}}}
Output

How many terms? 7

[1] "Fibonacci sequence:"
[1] 0
[1] 1
[1] 1
[1] 2
[1] 3
[1] 5
[1] 8
 Check Leap Year
# Program to check if the input year is a leap year or not
year = as.integer(readline(prompt="Enter a year: "))
if((year %% 4) == 0) {
if((year %% 100) == 0) {
if((year %% 400) == 0) {
print(paste(year,"is a leap year"))
} else {
print(paste(year,"is not a leap year"))
}
} else {
print(paste(year,"is a leap year"))
}
} else {
print(paste(year,"is not a leap year"))
}
Output 1
Enter a year: 1900
[1] "1900 is not a leap year"

Output 2
Enter a year: 2000
[1] "2000 is a leap year"
 Check if a Number is Odd or Even in R
Programming
# Program to check if the input number is odd or even.
# A number is even if division by 2 give a remainder of 0.
# If remainder is 1, it is odd.
num = as.integer(readline(prompt="Enter a number: "))
if((num %% 2) == 0) {
print(paste(num,"is Even"))
} else {
print(paste(num,"is Odd"))
}
Output 1
Enter a number: 89
[1] "89 is Odd"

Output 2
Enter a number: 0
[1] "0 is Even"
 Check if a Number is Positive, Negative or
Zero
# In this program, we input a number check if the number is positive or
negative or zero
num = as.double(readline(prompt="Enter a number: "))
if(num > 0) {
print("Positive number")
} else {
if(num == 0) {
print("Zero")
} else {
print("Negative number")
}
}
Output 1
Enter a number: -9.6
[1] "Negative number"

Output 2
Enter a number: 2
[1] "Positive number
 R Program to Find the Sum of Natural
Numbers
# take input from the user
num = as.integer(readline(prompt = "Enter a number: "))
if(num < 0) {
print("Enter a positive number")
} else {
sum = 0
# use while loop to iterate until zero
while(num > 0) {
sum = sum + num
num = num - 1
}
print(paste("The sum is", sum))
}
Output

Enter a number: 10
[1] "The sum is 55"
R Program to Find the Factors of a Number

print_factors <- function(x) {

print(paste("The factors of",x,"are:"))
for(i in 1:x) {
if((x %% i) == 0) {
print(i)
}
}
}
Output

> print_factors(120)
[1] "The factors of 120 are:"
[1] 1
[1] 2
[1] 3
[1] 4
[1] 5
[1] 6
[1] 8
[1] 10
[1] 12
[1] 15
[1] 20
[1] 24
[1] 30
[1] 40
[1] 60
[1] 120
 R Program to Find H.C.F. or G.C.D
# Program to find the H.C.F of two input number
# define a function
hcf <- function(x, y) {
# choose the smaller number
if(x > y) {
smaller = y
} else {
smaller = x
}
for(i in 1:smaller) {
if((x %% i == 0) && (y %% i == 0)) {
hcf = i
}
}
return(hcf)
}
# take input from the user
num1 = as.integer(readline(prompt = "Enter first number: "))
num2 = as.integer(readline(prompt = "Enter second number: "))
Print(paste("The H.C.F. of", num1,"and", num2,"is", hcf(num1, num2)))
Output

Enter first number: 72

Enter second number: 120
[1] "The H.C.F. of 72 and 120 is 24"
 R Program to Make a Simple Calculator
# Program make a simple calculator that can add, subtract, multiply and divide using functions
add <- function(x, y) {
return(x + y)
}
subtract <- function(x, y) {
return(x - y)
}
multiply <- function(x, y) {
return(x * y)
}
divide <- function(x, y) {
return(x / y)
}
# take input from the user
print("Select operation.")
print("1.Add")
print("2.Subtract")
print("3.Multiply")
print("4.Divide")
choice = as.integer(readline(prompt="Enter choice[1/2/3/4]: "))
num1 = as.integer(readline(prompt="Enter first number: "))
num2 = as.integer(readline(prompt="Enter second number: "))
operator <- switch(choice,"+","-","*","/")
result <- switch(choice, add(num1, num2), subtract(num1, num2), multiply(num1, num2),
divide(num1, num2))
print(paste(num1, operator, num2, "=", result))
Output

[1] "Select operation."

[1] "1.Add"
[1] "2.Subtract"
[1] "3.Multiply"
[1] "4.Divide"
Enter choice[1/2/3/4]: 4
Enter first number: 20
Enter second number: 4
[1] "20 / 4 = 5"
 R Program to Find L.C.M.

# Program to find the L.C.M. of two input number

lcm <- function(x, y) {
# choose the greater number
if(x > y) {
greater = x
} else {
greater = y
}
while(TRUE) {
if((greater %% x == 0) && (greater %% y == 0)) {
lcm = greater
break
}
greater = greater + 1
}
return(lcm)
}
# take input from the user
num1 = as.integer(readline(prompt = "Enter first number: "))
num2 = as.integer(readline(prompt = "Enter second number: "))
print(paste("The L.C.M. of", num1,"and", num2,"is", lcm(num1, num2)))
Output

Enter first number: 24

Enter second number: 25
[1] "The L.C.M. of 24 and 25 is 600"