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E1605 Assignment Problem

The document discusses the assignment problem, which involves assigning n jobs to n machines at minimum total cost. The costs of assigning each job to each machine are given. This can be modeled as a transportation problem with supplies and demands of 1 unit each. The Hungarian method is described as an algorithm to solve this by finding a complete assignment with minimum total cost. Examples are provided to illustrate the steps of the Hungarian method.

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MADAN GOPAL
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© © All Rights Reserved
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14 views

E1605 Assignment Problem

The document discusses the assignment problem, which involves assigning n jobs to n machines at minimum total cost. The costs of assigning each job to each machine are given. This can be modeled as a transportation problem with supplies and demands of 1 unit each. The Hungarian method is described as an algorithm to solve this by finding a complete assignment with minimum total cost. Examples are provided to illustrate the steps of the Hungarian method.

Uploaded by

MADAN GOPAL
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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The Assignment

Problem
The Assignment Problem
 In many business situations, management needs to
assign - personnel to jobs, - jobs to machines, -
machines to job locations, or - salespersons to
territories.
 Consider the situation of assigning n jobs to n
machines.
 When a job i (=1,2,....,n) is assigned to machine j
(=1,2, .....n) that incurs a cost Cij.
 The objective is to assign the jobs to machines at the
least possible total cost.
The Assignment Problem
 This situation is a special case of the
Transportation Model And it is known as the
assignment problem.
 Here, jobs represent “sources” and machines
represent “destinations.”
 The supply available at each source is 1 unit
And demand at each destination is 1 unit.
The Assignment Problem

The assignment model can be expressed


mathematically as follows:
Xij= 0, if the job j is not assigned to machine i
1, if the job j is assigned to machine i
The Assignment Problem
The Assignment Problem Example
 Ballston Electronics manufactures small electrical
devices.
 Products are manufactured on five different assembly
lines (1,2,3,4,5).
 When manufacturing is finished, products are
transported from the assembly lines to one of the five
different inspection areas (A,B,C,D,E).
 Transporting products from five assembly lines to five
inspection areas requires different times (in minutes)
The Assignment Problem Example

Under current arrangement, assignment of inspection


areas to the assembly lines are 1 to A, 2 to B, 3 to C,
4 to D, and 5 to E.
This arrangement requires 10+7+12+17+19 = 65 man
minutes.
Hungarian Method Example

Step 1: Select the smallest value in each row.


Subtract this value from each value in that row

Step 2: Do the same for the columns that do not


have any zero value.
Hungarian Method Example

If not finished, continue


with other columns.
Hungarian Method Example
Step 3: Assignments are made at zero values.
 Therefore, we assign job 1 to machine 1; job 2
to machine 3, and job 3 to machine 2.
 Total cost is 5+12+13 = 30.

 It is not always possible to obtain a feasible


assignment as in here.
Hungarian Method Example 2
Hungarian Method Example 2
 A feasible assignment is not possible at this
moment.
 In such a case, The procedure is to draw a
minimum number of lines through some of the
rows and columns, Such that all zero values
are crossed out.
Hungarian Method Example 2

The next step is to select the smallest uncrossed out element. This
element is subtracted from every uncrossed out element and added
to every element at the intersection of two lines.
Hungarian Method Example 2
 We can now easily assign to the zero values.
Solution is to assign (1 to 1), (2 to 3), (3 to 2)
and (4 to 4).
 If drawing lines do not provide an easy
solution, then we should perform the task of
drwaing lines one more time.
 Actually, we should continue drawing lines
until a feasible assignment is possible.

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