A Further Look at Financial Statements: Financial Accounting, Seventh Edition
A Further Look at Financial Statements: Financial Accounting, Seventh Edition
A Further Look at Financial Statements: Financial Accounting, Seventh Edition
AT FINANCIAL
2
STATEMENTS
2-1
Financial Accounting, Seventh Edition
Learning Objectives
Financial Accounting
Seventh Edition
Kimmel Weygandt Kieso
2-3
The Classified Balance Sheet
2-5 LO 1
The Classified Balance Sheet
Illustration 2-2
2-6 LO 1
The Classified Balance Sheet
Current Assets
Assets that a company expects to convert to cash or use
up within one year or the operating cycle, whichever is
longer.
Operating cycle is the average time it takes from the
purchase of inventory to the collection of cash from
customers.
Common types of current assets are (1) cash, (2)
investments, (3) receivables, (4) inventories, and (5)
prepaid expenses.
Current Assets
Illustration 2-3
Review Question
Cash, and other resources that are reasonably expected to
be realized in cash or sold or consumed in the business
within one year or the operating cycle, are called:
a. Current assets.
b. Intangible assets.
c. Long-term investments.
2-10 LO 1
The Classified Balance Sheet
2-13 LO 1
The Classified Balance Sheet
Review Question
Patents and copyrights are
a. Current assets.
b. Intangible assets.
c. Long-term investments.
d. Property, plant, and equipment.
Current Liabilities
Obligations the company is to pay within the next year or
operating cycle, whichever is longer.
Common examples are accounts payable, salaries and
wages payable, notes payable, interest payable, and income
taxes payable.
Also included as current liabilities are current maturities
of long-term obligations—payments to be made within the
next year on long-term obligations.
Current Liabilities
Illustration 2-7
Long-Term Liabilities
Obligations a company expects to pay after one year.
Include bonds payable, mortgages payable, long-term
notes payable, lease liabilities, and pension liabilities.
Illustration 2-8
Review Question
Which of the following is not a long-term liability?
a. Bonds payable.
b. Current maturities of long-term debt.
c. Long-term notes payable.
d. Mortgages payable.
Stockholders’ Equity
Common stock - investments of assets into the business by
the stockholders.
Retained earnings - income retained for use in the business.
Illustration 2-2
Solution
CL Salaries and wages payable LTI Investment in real estate
NA Service revenue PPE Equipment
CL Interest payable PPE Accumulated depreciation
IA Goodwill CA Debt investments (short-term)
NA Depreciation expense SE Retained earnings
LTL Mortgage payable CL Unearned service revenue
(due in 3 years)
2-20
LO 1
Using the Financial Statements
Ratio Analysis
Ratio analysis expresses the relationship among selected
items of financial statement data.
Best Buy
Illustration 2-11
$1,277 - $0 $1,317 - $0
= =
(393 + 419) 2 (419 + 414) 2
Review Question
For 2014 Stoneland Corporation reported net
income $26,000; net sales $400,000; and average shares
outstanding 6,000. There were preferred stock dividends of
$2,000. What was the 2014 earnings per share?
a. $4.00
b. $0.06 $26,000 - $2,000
= $4.00
c. $16.67 6,000
d. $66.67
2-27 LO 3
Using the Financial Statements
Review Question
The balance in retained earnings is not affected by:
a. net income
b. net loss
c. issuance of common stock
d. dividends
Using a
Classified
Balance Sheet
Illustration 2-13
2-29
Using a Classified Balance Sheet
For every dollar of current liabilities, Best Buy has $1.21 of current assets.
LO 4 Identify and compute ratios for analyzing a company’s
2-31 liquidity and solvency using a balance sheet.
2-32
Using a Classified Balance Sheet
The 2011 ratio means that every dollar of assets was financed by 59 cents of debt.
LO 4 Identify and compute ratios for analyzing a company’s
2-34 liquidity and solvency using a balance sheet.
Using a Classified Balance Sheet
Review Question
The following ratios are available for Leer Inc. and Stable Inc.
Review Question
Generally accepted accounting principles are:
Consistency means
that a company uses For accounting information to
the same accounting have relevance, it must be
principles and methods timely.
from year to year.
2-44 LO 7 Discuss financial reporting concepts.
2-45
Financial Reporting Concepts
Cost Constraint
Cost Constraint
Accounting standard-setters weigh
the cost that companies will incur to
provide the information against the
benefit that financial statement
users will gain from having the
information available.
Review Question
What is the primary criterion by which accounting information
can be judged?
a. Consistency.
b. Predictive value.
c. Usefulness for decision making.
d. Comparability.
1. Noncurrent assets
2. Current assets 4. Noncurrent liabilities
2-55 LO 8 Compare the classified balance sheet format under GAAP and IFRS.
Key Points
IFRS requires a classified statement of financial position except
in very limited situations. IFRS follows the same guidelines as
this textbook for distinguishing between current and noncurrent
assets and liabilities.
2-56 LO 8 Compare the classified balance sheet format under GAAP and IFRS.
Key Points
IFRS has many differences in terminology. In the investment
category stock is called shares, and common stock is called
share capital–ordinary.
2-57 LO 8 Compare the classified balance sheet format under GAAP and IFRS.
Key Points
Comparative prior-period information must be presented and
financial statements must be prepared annually.
Both GAAP and IFRS are increasing the use of fair value to
report assets. As examples, under IFRS companies can apply
fair value to property, plant, and equipment; natural resources;
and in some cases intangible assets.
2-58 LO 8 Compare the classified balance sheet format under GAAP and IFRS.
Key Points
The monetary unit assumption is part of each framework.
However, the unit of measure will vary depending on the
currency used (e.g., Chinese yuan, Japanese yen, and British
pound).
2-59 LO 8 Compare the classified balance sheet format under GAAP and IFRS.
Looking to the Future
The IASB and the FASB are working on a project to converge their
standards related to financial statement presentation. A key feature of
the proposed framework is that each of the statements will be
organized in the same format, to separate an entity’s financing
activities from its operating and investing activities and, further, to
separate financing activities into transactions with owners and
creditors.
2-60 LO 8 Compare the classified balance sheet format under GAAP and IFRS.
IFRS Practice
Which of the following statements is false?
2-61 LO 8 Compare the classified balance sheet format under GAAP and IFRS.
IFRS Practice
A company has purchased a tract of land and expects to build a
production plant on the land in approximately 5 years. During the 5
years before construction, the land will be idle. Under IFRS, the
land should be reported as:
a) land expense.
c) an intangible asset.
d) a long-term investment.
2-62 LO 8 Compare the classified balance sheet format under GAAP and IFRS.
IFRS Practice
Current assets under IFRS are listed generally:
a) by importance.
c) by longevity.
d) alphabetically.
2-63 LO 8 Compare the classified balance sheet format under GAAP and IFRS.
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2-64