LCM and GCF

MATH SONG
M–A–T-H
M–A–T–H
How it thrills, how it thrills
Learning Math is much fun
Learning Math is much fun
We like Math, We like Math
Numbers and Number Sense
LCM and GCF
SHIRLEY D. HERRAS
T-1
Key Content
• Finds the common factors, greatest common
factor, common multiples and least common
multiple (LCM) of two or more numbers using
the following methods: Continuous division,
Factorization, and the Listing Method.
M4NS-llb-67
• Solves real-life problems involving GCF and
LCM of two given numbers.
M4NS-IIb-67
“The Pre-Requisite Skills”
• Divisibility Rules
• Composite Numbers
Divisibility Rules
Divisibility – refers to a number’s

quality evenly divided
by another number
without a remainder.
Divisibility Rules
• Divisibility by 2
If the last digit is even (0, 2, 4, 6, 8, )
Example: 10, 232, 1 394
If the sum of its digit is divisible by 3.
Example: 48 4 + 8 = 12
51 5+1=6
If the last two digits is 0 or divisible by 4 .
Example: 700 ,
268 68 ÷ 4 = 17
If the last digit is 0 or 5.
Example: 50, 75, 205
If the number is divisible by both 2 and 3.
Example: 96 9 + 6 = 15
108 1+0+8=9
Rest of the digits –(2 x last digit) is divisible by 7
Example: 196 19 – (2 x 6) 392 39 – (2 x 2)
19 – 12 39 - 4
7 35
If the last three digit is 0 or divisible by 8
Example: 1 000, 2 000
3 064, 1 120
If the sum of its digits is divisible by 9.
Example: 108 1+0+8=9
189 1 + 8 + 9 = 18
•Divisibility by 10
If the last digit is 0
Example: 30, 440, 1000
Activity 1
Draw a in the appropriate column if
the given number is divisible by 2, 3, 4, 5,
6, 7, 8, 9, or 10
Divisible by
Numbers
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
81
54
75
91
140
Total Score
Draw a in the appropriate column if
the given number is divisible by 2, 3, 4, 5,
6, 7, 8, 9, or 10
Divisible by
Numbers
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
64
275
8 10
4 494
2 430
Total 4 3 1 3 3 1 1 2 2
Activity 2:
1. Skip 1
2. Circle 2 and then cross
out all multiples of 2.
3. Circle 3 and then cross
out all multiples of 3.
4. Continue circling numbers
4,5,6,7,8,9,and 10 and
cross their multiples.
5. What do you observe
about the numbers that
are not cross out?
Prime and Composite Numbers
Prime numbers are numbers with
only two factors, one and itself.
Example: 2, 3, 5, 7, 11 etc.
Composite numbers are numbers

with more than two factors, one
and itself.
Example: 4, 6. 8, 51, 69 etc.
Activity 3
Complete the table below
Number Prime or
Number Factors of Composite?
factors
6
79
57
89
201
Complete the table below
Number Prime or
Number Factors of Composite?
factors
6 1 , 2, 3, 6 4 Composite
79 1, 79 2 Prime
57 1, 3, 19, 57 4 Composite
89 1, 89 2 Prime
201 1, 3, 67,
4 Composite
201
__________are two or more whole numbers
that gives a product.
____________________is the largest whole
number that is a factor of each of the numbers
in a set of nonzero whole numbers.
__________is a number that can be divided by
another number without a remainder.
____________________: the smallest whole
number that is a multiple of each of the
number in a set of nonzero whole numbers.
GCF/LCM
Greatest Common Factor
and
Least Common Multiple
3 Methods in finding
the GCF and LCM
1.Continuous Division
2.Prime Factorization
3.Listing Method
Using the continuous division, prime
factorization, and Listing method, find the
GCF and LCM of 12 and 20.
► By continuous division
2 16 24 GCF: 2 x 2 x 2 = 24
2 8 12 LCM: 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 3 = 48
2 4 6
2 3
► By prime factorization
16 24 16: 2 x 2 x 2 x 2
2 x 8 2 x 12 24: 2 x 2 x 2 x 3
2 x 4 2 x 6
2 x 2 2 x 3
List all the common prime factors
GCF: 2 x 2 x 2 = 8
LCM: 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 3 = 48
►Listing Method for the GCF
1. List all the factors of the given

numbers.
2. Circle their common factors.
3. Find the GCF
►Listing Method for the LCM
1.List the first few multiples of the given number

2.Circle their common multiples
3.Find the least common multiples
►By listing method
16: 1, 2, 4, 8, 16
24: 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 24
GCF = 8
16: 16, 32, 48, 64
24: 24, 48, 96
LCM = 48
Activity 4
Solve the following problems. Use listing
method, prime factorization and
continuous division.
1. Mang Dencio wants to cut pieces of wood
of equal length from three pieces with
lengths 35 dm, 49 dm, and 56 dm. What is
the longest common measure into which he
can cut each piece?
2. At the gym Michael runs every 3 days and
swims every 4 days. If he did the two
activities today, after how many days will
he do the two activities again?
3. Rodolfo has to pick equal number of colored
rubber bands in a box. If there are 18 red, 24
blue, and 48 green rubber bands, what is
the greatest common number of marbles
from each color he can pick.
4. The pupils of Nato Elementary School
collected used plastic bottles for
recycling. They arrange the bottles in
boxes of 10, 15 and 20. What is least
number of bottles the pupils gathered
in all.
1. __7___ the longest common measure
Continuous Listing Method
Division 35: 1, 7, 5, 35
7 35 49 56 49: 1, 7, 7, 49
5 7 8 56: 1, 2, 4, 7, 8, 28, 14, 56
GCF: 7
Prime Factorization List all the Prime factors
35 49 56 35: 7 x 5
7x5 7x7 7x8 49: 7 x 7

2x4 56: 7 x 2 x 2
2x2 GCF: 7
2.On the __12__ day Michael will do the two
activities again.
Continuous Division Prime Factorization
3 3 4 3 4 3: 3 x 2 x 2
2 1 4 1 x 3 2 x 2 4: 2x2
2 LCM :3 x 2 x 2=12
LCM: 3 x 2 x 2 = 12
Listing Method
3: 1, 3 ● (No common factors so you need
4: 1, 2, 2, 4 to multiply all the given numbers)
LCM: 3 x 4 = 12
3._6_ the greatest number of marbles he can
pick from each color.
Continuous Listing Method
Division 18: 1, 2, 3, 6, 9, 18
2 18 24 48 24: 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 24
3 9 12 24 48: 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16, 24, 48
3 4 6 GCF: 6
GCF: 2 x 3 = 6
Prime Factorization List all the Prime Factors
18 24 48 18: 2 x 3 x 3
2 x 9 2 x 12 2 x 24 24: 2 x 2 x 2 x 3
3 x 3 2 x 6 2 x 12 48: 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 3
2 x 3 2 x 6 GCF: 2 x 3 = 6
2x3
4. _60_ the least number of bottles the pupils
gathered
Continuous Division Listing Method
5 10 15 20 10: 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60
2 2 3 4 15: 15, 30, 45, 60
1 3 2 20: 20, 40, 60
LCM: 5 x 2 x 3 x 2= 60 LCM: 60
Prime Factorization ●List all the prime factors
10 15 20 10:2 x 5
2x5 3x5 5x4 15: 3 x 5
2 x 2 20:2 x 2x 5
LCM: 2 x 3 x 2 x 5 = 60
“Love of learning
Is the most necessarypassion…
And it lies our happiness
It’s a sure remedy for what ails us,
An unending source of pleasure.
By, Emilie du Chatelet
“Thank you everyone

for your active participation”

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MATH SONG

Divisibility – refers to a number’s

Composite numbers are numbers

1. List all the factors of the given

►Listing Method for the LCM

1.List the first few multiples of the given number

7x5 7x7 7x8 49: 7 x 7

“Thank you everyone

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