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    PSY 451 - Unit 2 Parametric and Non Parametric Test

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    Joshua
    The document discusses key concepts related to parametric vs non-parametric tests. It defines parametric tests as those that make assumptions about the population distribution, typically assuming normality, while non-parametric tests do not rely on assumptions about the population. Common tests of normality like the Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Shapiro-Wilk tests are discussed. Examples of parametric and non-parametric test equivalents are provided.

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    PSY 451 - Unit 2 Parametric and Non Parametric Test

    Uploaded by

    Joshua
    26 views10 pages
    The document discusses key concepts related to parametric vs non-parametric tests. It defines parametric tests as those that make assumptions about the population distribution, typically assuming normality, while non-parametric tests do not rely on assumptions about the population. Common tests of normality like the Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Shapiro-Wilk tests are discussed. Examples of parametric and non-parametric test equivalents are provided.

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    PSY 451 -Unit 2 parametric and non parametric test

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    The document discusses key concepts related to parametric vs non-parametric tests. It defines parametric tests as those that make assumptions about the population distribution, typically assuming normality, while non-parametric tests do not rely on assumptions about the population. Common tests of normality like the Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Shapiro-Wilk tests are discussed. Examples of parametric and non-parametric test equivalents are provided.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    26 views10 pages

    PSY 451 - Unit 2 Parametric and Non Parametric Test

    Uploaded by

    Joshua
    The document discusses key concepts related to parametric vs non-parametric tests. It defines parametric tests as those that make assumptions about the population distribution, typically assuming normality, while non-parametric tests do not rely on assumptions about the population. Common tests of normality like the Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Shapiro-Wilk tests are discussed. Examples of parametric and non-parametric test equivalents are provided.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 10

    1. What are the measures of central tendency ?

    2. Identify mode in this data sample

    Some 14, 14, 12, 10, 9, 8, 14, 12, 15, 17,14,7,14

    questions 3. What are the three types of kurtosis (types of


    graphs)
    4. What is skewness ? Types

    to revise 5. Find the mean, median and standard deviation


    145, 136, 198, 115, 128, 156 , 174
    Parametric and Non-parametric tests
    PSY 451 : Psychological experiments and statistics

    UNIT 2  Introduction to Inferential Statistics and Hypothesis Testing


    Normal distribution

    •The normal distribution describes how the


    values of a variable are distributed.
    •It is a symmetric distribution where most of
    the observations cluster around the central peak
    and the probabilities for values further away
    from the mean taper off equally in both
    directions.

    (Image source : Khan academy ,n.d)


    • An assessment of the normality of data is a prerequisite for
    many statistical tests because normal data is an underlying
    assumption in parametric testing.
    • The main tests for the assessment of normality are

    TESTS OF •
    Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Shapiro-Wilk test

    Kolmogorov-Smirnov test : This test is used as a test of

    NORMALITY goodness of fit and is ideal when the size of the sample is
    larger (above 2000).
    • Shapiro-Wilk test : for smaller sample sizes less than 2000

    • If p < 0.05, we don't believe that our variable follows a


    normal distribution in our population. (95 percent
    confidence interval)
    Parametric and non- parametric
    tests

    Parametric tests are those that make


    assumptions about the parameters of Non-parametric tests are those when
    the population distribution from which the parameters of the population is not
    the sample is drawn. This is often the known and is not normally distributed.
    assumption that the population data are They do not rely on any distribution
    normally distributed.
    Parametric and nonparametric are two broad
    classifications of statistical procedures.
    Parametric tests are based on
    assumptions about the distribution of Nonparametric tests do not rely on
    the underlying population from which assumptions about the shape or
    the sample was taken. The most common parameters of the underlying population
    parametric assumption is that data are distribution
    approximately normally distributed.
    If the data deviate strongly from the assumptions of a parametric
    procedure, using the parametric procedure could lead to incorrect
    conclusions.

    In such cases non-parametric tests are often a good option.


    Differences of parametric and non parametric tests

    S :no Parametric Non parametric

    1 No assumptions are made


    Specific assumptions are made about the
    population

    2 Test statistic is based on distribution Test statistic is arbitrary

    3
    Variables of interest is done on interval or ratio Variables of interest is measured on nominal or ordinal scale
    level

    4
    Measure of central tendency in the parametric test is Measure of central tendency in the nonparametric test is median.
    mean

    5
    Complete information about the population No information about the population
    Non-parametric tests and its parametric
    equivalents

    : (Ahmed, Sakir & Dhooria, Aadhaar. (2020)


    •arametric-tests
    References

    • Ahmed, Sakir & Dhooria, Aadhaar. (2020). Pitfalls in statistical analysis – A Reviewers' perspective. Indian Journal of Rheumatology. 15. 39.

    10.4103/injr.injr_32_20.

    • Coolican, H. (2014). Research methods and statistics in psychology (6th ed.). Psychology Press.

    • Normal distributions review (article). (n.d.). Retrieved February 10, 2021, from

    https://www.khanacademy.org/math/statistics-probability/modeling-distributions-of-data/normal-distributions-library/a/normal-distributions-revie
    w

    • Testing for Normality using SPSS Statistics. (n.d.). Retrieved February 10, 2021, from

    https://statistics.laerd.com/spss-tutorials/testing-for-normality-using-spss-statistics.php

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