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    High Risk New Born

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    M. jehovah Nissie Yeshalome
    1. High risk newborns require close monitoring and early care from health professionals to survive outside the womb as they are at risk. 2. Common nursing diagnoses for high risk babies include ineffective breathing, impaired temperature regulation, risk of infection, and inadequate nutrition. 3. Low birth weight babies are defined as weighing less than 2,500g and are either born preterm or have intrauterine growth retardation. 4. Small for gestational age babies appear thin and frail and are at risk for problems like respiratory distress and hypoglycemia. Early feeding and supportive care can help them gain weight and improve outcomes.

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    High Risk New Born

    Uploaded by

    M. jehovah Nissie Yeshalome
    80 views12 pages
    1. High risk newborns require close monitoring and early care from health professionals to survive outside the womb as they are at risk. 2. Common nursing diagnoses for high risk babies include ineffective breathing, impaired temperature regulation, risk of infection, and inadequate nutrition. 3. Low birth weight babies are defined as weighing less than 2,500g and are either born preterm or have intrauterine growth retardation. 4. Small for gestational age babies appear thin and frail and are at risk for problems like respiratory distress and hypoglycemia. Early feeding and supportive care can help them gain weight and improve outcomes.

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    1. High risk newborns require close monitoring and early care from health professionals to survive outside the womb as they are at risk. 2. Common nursing diagnoses for high risk babies include ineffective breathing, impaired temperature regulation, risk of infection, and inadequate nutrition. 3. Low birth weight babies are defined as weighing less than 2,500g and are either born preterm or have intrauterine growth retardation. 4. Small for gestational age babies appear thin and frail and are at risk for problems like respiratory distress and hypoglycemia. Early feeding and supportive care can help them gain weight and improve outcomes.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    80 views12 pages

    High Risk New Born

    Uploaded by

    M. jehovah Nissie Yeshalome
    1. High risk newborns require close monitoring and early care from health professionals to survive outside the womb as they are at risk. 2. Common nursing diagnoses for high risk babies include ineffective breathing, impaired temperature regulation, risk of infection, and inadequate nutrition. 3. Low birth weight babies are defined as weighing less than 2,500g and are either born preterm or have intrauterine growth retardation. 4. Small for gestational age babies appear thin and frail and are at risk for problems like respiratory distress and hypoglycemia. Early feeding and supportive care can help them gain weight and improve outcomes.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 12

    MANAGEMENT OF

    HIGH RISK NEW BORN,


    LOW BIRTH WEIGHT
    - M. NISSIE
    INTRODUCTION

    High Risk New Born Are Babies Who Are In Risk To Survive
    For Life In Extra Uterine Environmental After The Birth.
    These Babies Requires A Close, Continuous Monitoring And
    Early Care By The Health Professionals . Their Life Can Be
    Saved By Proper Care And By Applying The Need Based
    Measurements. High Risk New Born And Their
    Management Required A Adequate Knowledge And Up To
    Date Skill Among Nursing Professionals And Other Health
    Care Providers To Manage Them Efficiency.
    NURSING DIAGNOSIS FOR HIGH RISK BABIES
    1. Ineffective breathing pattern related to pulmonary and neuromuscular
    immaturity, decreased energy, and fatigue.
    2. Ineffective thermoregulation related to immature temperature control and
    decreased subcutaneous fat.
    3. Risk for infection related to deficient immunologic defenses
    4. Imbalance nutrition less than body requirement related to inability to ingest
    nutrients because of immaturity
    5. Risk for impaired skin integrity related to immature skin structure, decreased
    nutritional state and immobility
    6. Pain related to procedure, diagnosis, treatment and handling.
    7. Delayed growth and development related to preterm birth, NICU,
    environment, separation from parents.
    LOW BIRTH WEIGHT NEONATE

    • LOW BIRTH WEIGHT NEONATE


    Low birth weight newborn may be defined according to World Health
    Organization ( WHO ) , babies with a birth weight of less than 2,500 gm. The term
    very Low Birth Weight refers to birth weight less than 1500 gm. Extremely Low
    Birth Weight ( ELBW ) refers birth weight less than 1000gm , the term
    ‘Micropreemie’ refers when birth weight below 500 gm.

    INCIDENCE - The low birth weight infants in developing countries is enormous .


    There are about total 22 millions such infants in the world out of which India
    shares about 7 to 10 million. Low birth constitutes 30% of live births in India
    • Low Birth Weight babies are broadly of two clinical types .

    1) First are those born before 37 weeks of gestation period


    ( preterm ) . A preterm baby is expected to have less in weight.

    2) Second category includes those babies who have intrauterine


    growth retardation. These Babies are undernourished ( or small )
    for a given gestation ( dates ) So they are also called Small for
    Gestational Age ( SGA ) or Small for Dates ( SFD ) babies.
    A ) Small for date babies ( small for gestational age, light for dates,
    intrauterine growth retardation)

     DEFINITION : A baby whose birth weight falls below


    10th percentile ( < 10 percentile ) for the period of gestation.
    • TYPES ( Classification ) of small for date babies : There are three major types –

    a) MALNOURISHED : These babies appears long, thin and alert , skin loosing its
    normal elasticity, excess skin folds over the buttocks and thighs, difference in
    head and chest circumference is more than 3cm. Internal organ with the
    exception of brain commonest variety of small for date babies.
    b) HYPOPLASTIC BABIES : These babies are small in all parameters including the
    head size. Cell number is reduced, post natal physical and mental growth is
    • C ) MIXED TYPE BABIES :- These babies have above both type of physical
    characteristics . IN these babies there is reduction in cell number and in the cell size
    both.
    ETIOLOGY FOR SMALL FOR DATE / LBW BABIES :
    • Maternal history
    • Maternal malnutrition
    • Intra uterine infection
    • Placental dysfunction
    • Twin pregnancy
    • Maternal diseases
    • Genetic / chromosomal disorders
    • Miscellaneous causes
    CLINICAL MANIFESTATION :

    low birth weight baby looks much smaller than normal


    birth weight baby. the baby appears marasmic , thin
    skin and skin losing its elasticity . hanging folds over
    the buttocks and thigh . low birth weight baby’s head
    may appear bigger than the body. body fat is very
    little.
    DIAGNOSIS :
    Diagnosis can be confirmed by the close observation of the baby .Observe the
    weight and compared with gestation age. Estimate the fetal head and body size
    and compare it. Observe the clinical features.
    RISKS / PROBLEMS among small for Date Babies:
    - Aspiration of meconium, amniotic fluid.
    - Asphyxia as a result of cerebral anoxia
    - Fetal hypoxia
    - Pulmonary haemorrhage
    - Congenital malformations
    - Poor temperature regulations
    - Hyperbilirubinemia
    - Difficulty in feeding and weight gaining
    MANAGEMENT OF LBW / SFD BABIES

    • - Provide resuscitation to baby with aspiration


    • - Provide early feeding which prevents the hypoglycemia and leads rapid weight
    gain
    • - Prophylaxis against intraventricular hemorrhage
    • - Provide ventilatory support , and indomethacin at 6 to 12 hours.
    • - Provide vitamin E , maternal administration of Vitamin K
    • - Steroids and IV immunoglobulin or fetal platelet transfusion may also be
    carried out.
    PREVENTION OF LBW / SFD BABIES -:

    •1- Female literacy and formal education


    •2- Maternal health status
    •3- Antenatal care
    •4- Maternal infections

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