Alcoholic Ketoacidosis

ALCOHOLIC
KETOACIDOSIS…
PRESENTED BY - GROUP 2
GROUP 2 MEMBERS
• PRAVEENYA NUNNA • SAPNA YADAV
• SIMMY PATEL • VANSHITA BHANDARI
• NIRANK GURRAM • SANJAY KRISHNA KUMAR
• SIDDALING • PASUPULATI SUDHEESH
• SAI KUMAR KUMAR
BHIKKANOORI • RUDRESH MEDAPATI
• SWATHI • SUBHAM PANDEY
TIRUMALASHETTY • SHAILY KUMARI
• RAMYA MANDARAPU • SIDDHI PATEL
• SHINY KOPPALA • RICHA RATHORE
• RACHEL ASAPU • SEERA SAI MANEESHA
INTRODUCTION
• People who regularly consume alcohol are more likely to develop alcoholic ketoacidosis (AKA), also known
as alcoholic ketosis or alcoholic acidosis.
• Although the incidence of alcoholic ketoacidosis is undetermined, one survey suggests that less than 10% of
alcohol abusers acquired it.
• It is a metabolic complication produced by the combined effects of alcohol and hunger on glucose metabolism;
and is distinguished by hyperketonemia and high anion gap metabolic acidosis without severe hyperglycemia.
• The condition usually causes unpleasant symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and pancreatitis.
Individuals may also experience increased acidity, which can lead to painful and potentially fatal conditions.
• Diagnosis is based on history and findings of ketoacidosis without hyperglycemia. By measuring serum and
urine ketones and electrolytes and calculate a serum anion gap.
• Treatment consists of intravenous saline and dextrose infusion. Initially with IV thiamine, followed by IV
dextrose in 0.9% saline.
• Treatment of alcoholism is also necessary to prevent recurrence of alcoholic ketoacidosis.
By: Vanshita H. Bhandari

WHAT IS ALCOHOLIC KETOACIDOSIS ?
Alcoholic ketoacidosis is the buildup of ketones in the blood due to alcohol use. Ketones are
a type of acid that form when the body breaks down fat for energy.The condition is an acute
form of metabolic acidosis, a condition in which there is too much acid in body fluids.
Alcoholic ketoacidosis can develop when you drink excessive amounts of alcohol for a long
period of time. Excessive alcohol consumption often causes malnourishment (not enough
nutrients for the body to function well).
By - Richa Rathore
PATHWAY
Abnormal Pathway
CAUSE
*Alcoholic ketoacidosis can develop when you drink excessive

amounts of alcohol for a long period of time.
*People who drink large quantities of alcohol may not eat regularly.
This further reduces the body’s insulin production.
*If a person is already malnourished due to alcoholism, they may

develop alcoholic ketoacidosis.
-RUDRESH MEDAPATI
SUDHEESH KUMAR PASUPULETI
SYMPTOMS
The symptoms of alcoholic ketoacidosis will vary based on how much alcohol you have consumed.
Symptoms will also depend on the amount of ketones in your bloodstream. Common symptoms of
alcoholic ketoacidosis include:
abdominal pain
agitation and confusion
decreased alertness or coma
fatigue
slow movement
irregular, deep, and rapid breathing (Kussmaul’s sign)
loss of appetite
nausea and vomiting
symptoms of dehydration, such as dizziness (vertigo), lightheadedness, and thirst
ASAPU RACHEL .
SYMPTOMS
I Alcoholic ketoacidosis is a life-threatening illness.
Someone with alcoholic ketoacidosis may also have other conditions that are associated with
alcohol abuse. These may include:
pancreatitis
liver disease
kidney disease
ulcers
ethylene glycol poisoning
These conditions have to be ruled out before a medical professional can diagnose you with
alcoholic ketoacidosis.
SAI MANEESHA
DIAGNOSIS
● Amylase and lipase test

● Arterial blood gas test
● Anion gap calculation
● Blood alcohol test
● Blood chemistry panel
_ praveenya nunna & Sanjay Krishna kumar

● Blood glucose test
● Blood urea nitrogen and creatinine
tests
● Serum lactate test
● Urine test
● Hemoglobin A1C (HgA1C) test
_ praveenya nunna & sanjay Krishna Kumar

TREATMENT
*Treatment for AKA requires glucose administration,
*It also requires thiamine supplementation, and volume

repletion.
*Anti-nausea or antiemetic medications, such as ondansetron or

metoclopramide, may help nausea or prevent vomiting
*Intravenous benzodiazepines can be administered based on the

risk of seizures from impending alcohol withdrawal.
WHAT IS THE LONG TERM OUTLOOK FOR
ALCOHOLIC KETOACIDOSIS ?
PREVENTIONS
You can prevent alcoholic ketoacidosis by limiting your

alcohol intake. If you are addicted to alcohol, seek
professional help. You can learn how to reduce your alcohol
intake or eliminate it altogether. Joining a local chapter of
Alcoholics Anonymous may provide you with the support you
need to cope. You should also follow all of your doctor’s
recommendations to ensure proper nutrition and recovery.
_ Sai kumar Bhikkanoori & Nirank Gurram

COMPLICATIONS
➢ If alcoholic ketoacidosis is not treated completely or if treatment is delayed, the possible complications include:
• Hypovolemic shock:- Hypovolemic shock is an emergency condition in which severe blood or other fluid loss makes the
heart unable to pump enough blood to the body. This type of shock can cause many organs to stop working.
• Heart attack :- A heart attack happens when something blocks the blood flow to your heart so it can’t get the oxygen it
needs.
• Seizures :- A seizure is a sudden, uncontrolled electrical disturbance in the brain. It can cause changes in your behavior,
movements or feelings, and in levels of consciousness.
• Delirium tremens (DTs) :- DTs is an confusion, shaking, shivering, sweating, and irregular heartbeat caused by alcohol
withdrawal.
• Pulmonary edema:- Pulmonary edema is a condition in which the lungs fill with fluid. It’s also known as pulmonary
congestion. When pulmonary edema occurs, the body struggles to get enough oxygen and you start to have shortness of
breath.
• Kidney failure :- A condition in which the kidneys lose the ability to remove waste and balance fluids.
• Death
By - THIRUMALASETTY SWATHI, SUBHAM PANDEY
METABOLISM OF ALCOHOL
Alcohol metabolism is controlled by genetic factors, such as variations in the

enzymes that break down alcohol and environmental factors, such as the amount
of alcohol an individual consumes or overall nutrition.
Alcohol is metabolized by several processes or pathways. The most common of
these pathways involves two enzymes, alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and
aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH). These enzymes help in breakdown of alcohol
molecule, which makes it possible to eliminate it from the body.
First, alcohol dehydrogenase metabolizes alcohol to acetaldehyde, a highly toxic
substance and known carcinogen. Then, acetaldehyde is further metabolized
down to another less active byproduct called acetate, which then broken down
into water and carbon dioxide for easy elimination.
By- Shaily Kumari

METABOLISM OF ALCOHOL
Hepatocyte cell
Hepatocytes
cell
BY : SAPNA YADAV
THANKYOU…
Have A Nice Day…

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ALCOHOLIC

By: Vanshita H. Bhandari

*Alcoholic ketoacidosis can develop when you drink excessive

This further reduces the body’s insulin production.

*If a person is already malnourished due to alcoholism, they may

I Alcoholic ketoacidosis is a life-threatening illness.

● Amylase and lipase test

_ praveenya nunna & Sanjay Krishna kumar

_ praveenya nunna & sanjay Krishna Kumar

*Treatment for AKA requires glucose administration,

*It also requires thiamine supplementation, and volume

*Anti-nausea or antiemetic medications, such as ondansetron or

*Intravenous benzodiazepines can be administered based on the

You can prevent alcoholic ketoacidosis by limiting your

_ Sai kumar Bhikkanoori & Nirank Gurram

Alcohol metabolism is controlled by genetic factors, such as variations in the

By- Shaily Kumari

Have A Nice Day…

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