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CHN 211
FAMILY
Community Health Nursing
Family Health Nursing

“ The basic unit so strongly
influences the development of
an individual that it may
determine the success or
failure of that person’s life.”
DEFINITION
• The family is a group of persons usually living together and

composed of the head and other persons related to the head by
blood, marriage, or adoption. (National Statistical Coordination
Board, NSCB 2008)
FAMILY
• The family is a social unit interacting with the larger society.
(Johnson, 2000)
• A family is characterized by people together because of birth,
marriage, adoption or choice. (Allen et al., 2000)
• A family is a two or more persons who are joined together by
bonds of sharing and emotional closeness and who identify
themselves as being part of the family. (Freidman et al., 2003)
TYPES OF FAMILY
1. Nuclear Family – husband, wife, and their immediate children-

natural, adopted or both
2. Dyad Family -husband and wife
3. Extended Family- consist of three generations—married sibling,
FAMILY
or grandparents
4. Blended Family- one or both spouses brings a child or children
from previous marriage into one living arrangement
5. Compound Family- where a man has more than one spouse
6. Cohabiting Family – live-in arrangement between an unmarried
couple
7. Single Parent – results from a death of spouse, separation or
pregnancy outside of wedlock
8. The Gay or Lesbian Family – cohabiting couple of the same sex
FUNCTIONS
1. PROCREATION- Despite the changing forms of the

family, it has remained the universally accepted institution
for reproductive functions and child rearing.
2. SOCIALIZATION OF FAMILY MEMBERS-
Socialization is the process of learning how to become
FAMILY productive members of society. It involves transmission of

the culture of a social group.
3. STATUS PLACEMENT- Society is characterized by a
hierarchy of its members into social classes. The family
confers it’s societal rank on the children. Depending on the
degree of social mobility in a society, the family and the
children’s future families may move from one social class to
another
FUNCTIONS
4. ECONOMIC FUNCTION- Observes that the Rural Family
is a unit of production where the whole family works as a team
participating in farming, fishing, or cottage industries.
-The Urban Family is more of a unit of consumption where
economically productive members work separately to earn
FAMILY
salaries or wages.
5. PHYSICAL MAINTENANCE- The family provides for the
survival need (food, shelter, and clothing) of its dependent
members, like young children and the aged.
6. WELFARE AND PROTECTION- The family supports
spouses or partners by providing for companionship and meeting
affective, sexual, and socioeconomic needs. By developing a
sense of love and belonging, the family gives the children
emotional gratification and psychological security.
REASONS IT IS IMPORTANT FOR THE NURSES TO WORK WITH FAMILIES:
Improving dysfunctions that affects one or

nursing care more family members will affect
the members and unit as a whole
The family is a
critical resource “Case finding”
FAMILY AS A CLIENT
“Community health nursing has long viewed the family as an important unit of health care, with awareness that the
individual can be best understood within the social context of the family “
FAMILY AS A SYSTEM
General System Theory -It is way to explain how the family as a unit interacts with larger units outside the family
and with smaller units inside the family.

Three Subsystem of the Family (Parke 2002)
• Parent-Child Subsystem
• Marital Subsystem
• Sibling-sibling Subsystem
DEVELOPMENTAL STAGES OF THE FAMILY
Family Life Cycle
Beginning
Middle-aged Aging family
family through Launching
family (from
marriage or Parenting the Living with family
(remaining retirement to
commitment as first child adolescent(s) (youngest child
marital dyad to death of both
a couple leaves home)
retirement) spouses)
relationship
Stages and tasks of the family life cycle
1. Marriage: joining of families

a. Formation of identity as a couple
b. Inclusion of spouse in realignment of relationships with extended families
c. Parenthood: making decisions
2. Families with young children
a. Integration of children into family unit
b. Adjustment of tasks: child rearing, financial and household
c. Accommodation of new parenting and grandparenting roles
3. Families with adolescents
a. Development of increasing autonomy for adolescents
b. Midlife reexamination of marital and career issues
c. Initial shift towards concern for the older generation
Stages and tasks of the family life cycle
4. Families as launching centers

a. Establishment of independent identities for parents and grown children
b. Renegotiations of marital relationship
c. Readjustment of relationships to include in-laws and grandchildren
d. Dealing with disabilities and death of older generation
5. Aging Families
e. Maintaining couple and individual functioning while adapting to the aging process
f. Support role of middle generation
g. Support and autonomy of older generation
h. Preparation for own death and dealing with loss of spouse and/or siblings and other peers
Family Health Tasks
Health Tasks according to Freeman and Heinrich (1981)
• Recognizing interruptions of health or development.

• Seeking health care.
• Managing health and nonhealthy crisis. The family’s ability to cope with crisis and develop from its experience
is an indicator of a healthy family.
• Providing nursing care to sick, disabled or dependent family members of the family
• Maintaining a home environment conducive to good health and personal development. The home should also
have an atmosphere of security and comfort to allow for psychosocial development.
• Maintaining a reciprocal relationship with the community and it’s health institutions.
Characteristics of a Healthy Family
Affirm, Support, and

Members Interact Establish Priorities
Respect Each Other.
The Ability to Cope

Flexible Role Family Teaches
With Stress and
Relationships Family
Crisis
Foster
A Sense of Play and Responsibility and
Humor Value Service to
Others
Traditional Filipino Family Values and Traits
Paggalang (Respect)
to give respect to a person.
Filipinos are accustomed to using the words “po,” “opo,” and “ho” when they are conversing with older people or,
sometimes, with those who are in a high role or a prestigious member of society. Using these words is customary in the
Philippines, and it shows a sign of respect if you do so.
Pakikisama (Helping Others)
connotation of getting along with people in general.
Therefore, this trait usually fosters general cooperation and performing good or helpful deeds, which can lead to others
viewing you in a favorable light.
Utang na Loob (Debt of Gratitude)
Utang na Loob means to pay your debt with gratitude.
With utang na loob, there is usually a system of obligation. Repay the favors done to them by their elders.
Pagpapahalaga sa Pamilya (Prioritizing Family)
putting importance on your family.
This implies that a person will place a high regard on their family and prioritize that before anything else.
Hiya (Shame)
This controls the social behaviors and interactions of a Filipino. It is the value that drives a Filipino be obedient and
respectful to their parents, older siblings, and other authorities.
Traditional Health Care Practices in the Philippines:
HILOT ‘healing’
“Hilot or massage makes use of the most popular and useful herbs: tanglad, lagundi, sambong and more native plants
that have healing and therapeutic properties.”
Types of Manghihilot
• Comadrona – expert in post-natal massage.

• Acupressurist – aligns nerves and balances electrical energy.
• Reflexologist – drains excess energy.
• Herbalist – uses herbal in healing.
Cupping therapy
“a form of alternative medication that uses “cups” on

the skin to create suction. This suction is trusted to help in
mobilizing blood flow and promote the healing of a broad
range of medical ailments”
UNIT TASKS
Submit: PowerPoint File
Points: 60 points
Requirements: Attach a photo of your family.
Question:

Make a PowerPoint presentation of your Family:
1. Identify the type of Family you are in

2. Introduce the members of your Family
3. Responsibility of each member
4. How do you make sure your family is healthy
5. Enumerate which Characteristics of a Healthy Family is evident in your Family
6. Enumerate Filipino Values and Traits practice in your family

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CHN 211

Family Health Nursing

• The family is a group of persons usually living together and

1. Nuclear Family – husband, wife, and their immediate children-

1. PROCREATION- Despite the changing forms of the

FAMILY productive members of society. It involves transmission of

Improving dysfunctions that affects one or

Family Life Cycle

1. Marriage: joining of families

4. Families as launching centers

Health Tasks according to Freeman and Heinrich (1981)

• Recognizing interruptions of health or development.

Affirm, Support, and

The Ability to Cope

• Comadrona – expert in post-natal massage.

“a form of alternative medication that uses “cups” on

1. Identify the type of Family you are in

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