STATICALLY

INDETERMINATE
STRUCTURES
STATICALLY INDETERMINATE STRUCTURES
DOUBLE INTEGRATION
METHOD
 SAMPLE PROBLEM

• Determine the reactions at the bearing support A

and fixed support B , then draw the shear and
moment diagrams for the beam. EI is constant.
 Determine the reactions at the bearing
support A and fixed support B , then draw
the shear and moment diagrams for the
beam. EI is constant.
SOLUTION:
∑ 𝑀 = 0 𝑀 𝐵 − 𝐵 𝑦 ( 𝑥 )+3 ( 𝑥 − 3 ) +2 ( 𝑥 −6 ) + 𝑀 =0
𝑀 =− 𝑀 𝐵 + 𝐵𝑌 ( 𝑥 ) − 3 ( 𝑥 − 3 ) − 2 ( 𝑥 − 6 )
𝑀 Double Integration Formula (EI y”=M)

x 𝐸𝐼𝑦= 𝑀 =− {𝑀} rsub {𝐵} + {𝐵} rsub {𝑦} left (𝑥 right ) −3 left (𝑥 −3 right ) −2 left (𝑥 −6 right
′ 𝐵𝑦 𝑥2 3 ( 𝑥 − 3)
2
2 ( 𝑥 −6 )
2
𝐸𝐼 𝑦 = − 𝑀 𝐵 𝑥 + − − +𝐶1
2 2 2
Equations of Equilibrium

∑ 𝐹 𝑋 =0 𝑀 𝐵 𝑥2 𝐵 𝑦 𝑥3 3 3

𝐵𝑋=0 𝐸𝐼𝑦 =−
2
+
6
−
3 ( 𝑥 −3)
6
−
2 (𝑥 − 6 )
6
+𝐶 1 𝑥 +𝐶 2

∑ 𝐹 𝑌=0 𝐴 𝑦 + 𝐵𝑦 − 2− 3=0
𝐴 𝑦 + 𝐵 𝑦 =5 Eq. ① Boundary Conditions:

∑ 𝑀 𝐵= 0 𝐴 𝑦 (9)+ 𝑀 𝐵 −2(6) −3 (3)=0 when x=0 , y=0

9 𝐴 𝑦 + 𝑀 𝐵 =21 Eq. ② when x=0 , y’=0

when x=9 , y=0
 Determine the reactions at the bearing
support A and fixed support B , then draw
the shear and moment diagrams for the
beam. EI is constant.
SOLUTION:
Boundary Conditions: when x=0 , y=0 =0
when x=0 , y’=0 =0
𝑀 when x=9 , y=0
𝑀 𝐵 ( 9 )2 𝐵 𝑦 ( 9 )3 3 ( 9 − 3 )3 2 ( 9 − 6 )3
𝐸𝐼 ( 0 ) =0 =− + − − +𝐶 1 (9 )+𝐶 2
x 2 6 6 6

81 𝑀 𝐵 243 𝐵 𝑦
0 =− + − 117
𝐸𝐼𝑦= 𝑀 =− {𝑀} rsub {𝐵} + {𝐵} rsub {𝑦} left (𝑥 right ) −3 left (𝑥 −3 right ) −2 left (𝑥 −6 right 2 2

𝐵𝑦 𝑥2 3 ( 𝑥 − 3)
2
2 ( 𝑥 −6 )
2 81 𝑀 𝐵 243 𝐵 𝑦
′
𝐸𝐼 𝑦 = − 𝑀 𝐵 𝑥 + − − +𝐶 1 − + =117
2 2 2 2 2
Eq. ③
2 3 3 3
𝑀𝐵𝑥 𝐵𝑦 𝑥 3 (𝑥 −3) 2 (𝑥 − 6 )
𝐸𝐼𝑦 =− + − − +𝐶 1 𝑥 +𝐶 2
2 6 6 6 3 Equations with 3 unknowns (, , )

kip kip-ft
kip
 Determine the reactions at the bearing
support A and fixed support B , then draw
the shear and moment diagrams for the
beam. EI is constant.
SOLUTION:

kip

V-diagram
kip

kip-ft kip
kip kip-ft kip-ft

kip M-diagram

kip-ft
 SAMPLE PROBLEM

• Determine the reactions at pin support A and roller

supports B and C . EI is constant
 Determine the reactions at pin support A
and roller supports B and C . EI is
constant

SOLUTION:
𝑀 ∑ 𝑀=0 𝐴 𝑦 ( 𝑥 ) + 𝐵 𝑦 ( 𝑥 − 𝐿 ) − 𝑤𝑥 ( 𝑥2 )+𝑤 ( 𝑥 − 𝐿) ( 𝑥 −2 𝐿 ) − 𝑀 = 0
𝑤 𝑥
2
𝑤 (𝑥 − 𝐿)2
𝑀 = 𝐴𝑦 𝑥 + 𝐵𝑦 (𝑥 − 𝐿)− +
2 2

x Double Integration Formula (EI y”=M)

𝐸𝐼𝑦= 𝑀 = {𝐴} rsub {𝑦} 𝑥 + {𝐵} rsub {𝑦} left (𝑥 − 𝐿 right ) − {𝑤 {𝑥} ^ {2}} over {2} + {𝑤 {( 𝑥 − 𝐿 )} ^ {2}} over {2
𝐴 𝑦 𝑥2 𝐵 𝑦 ( 𝑥 − 𝐿)2 𝑤𝑥
3
𝑤 ( 𝑥 − 𝐿)
3
Equations of Equilibrium 𝐸𝐼 𝑦 =
′
+ − + + 𝐶1
2 2 6 6

∑ 𝐹 𝑋 =0 𝐶 𝑋=0 𝐴 𝑦 𝑥3 𝐵 𝑦 ( 𝑥 − 𝐿)3 𝑤𝑥
4
𝑤 ( 𝑥 − 𝐿)
4

∑ 𝐹 𝑌=0 𝐴 𝑦 + 𝐵𝑦 + 𝐶 𝑦 −𝑤𝐿=0 𝐸𝐼𝑦 = + − + +𝐶 1 𝑥 +𝐶 2

6 6 24 24

𝐴 𝑦 + 𝐵𝑦 + 𝐶 𝑦 =𝑤𝐿 Eq. ①
∑ 𝑀 𝐶 =0 𝐴 𝑦 (2 𝐿)+𝐵 𝑦 (𝐿)− 𝑤𝐿(1.5 𝐿)=0
Boundary Conditions:
when x=0 , y=0
2 𝐴 𝑦 + 𝐵 𝑦 =1.5 𝑤𝐿 Eq. ②
when x=L , y=0
when x=2L , y=0
 Determine the reactions at pin support A
and roller supports B and C . EI is
constant

SOLUTION:
when x=L , y=0
𝑀 𝐸𝐼 ( 0 ) =0 =
𝐴𝑦 𝐿3
6
+
𝐵 𝑦 ( 𝐿 − 𝐿)3
6
−
𝑤𝐿
24
4
+
𝑤 ( 𝐿 − 𝐿) 4
24
+ 𝐶1 𝐿+ 𝐶 2

𝐴 𝑦 𝐿3 𝑤 𝐿
4
− + 𝐶1 𝐿 =0
6 24
Eq. ③
x
when x=2L , y=0 𝐴 𝑦 ( 2 𝐿 )3 𝐵 𝑦 ( 2 𝐿 − 𝐿 )3
𝐸𝐼 ( 0 ) =0 = + −𝑤 ¿ ¿
6 6

𝐸𝐼𝑦= 𝑀 = {𝐴} rsub {𝑦} 𝑥 + {𝐵} rsub {𝑦} left (𝑥 − 𝐿 right ) − {𝑤 {𝑥} ^ {2}} over {2} + {𝑤 {( 𝑥 − 𝐿 )} ^ {2}} over {2 • =0
Eq. ④
𝐴 𝑦 𝑥2
′ 𝐵 𝑦 ( 𝑥 − 𝐿)2 𝑤𝑥
3
𝑤 ( 𝑥 − 𝐿)3
𝐸𝐼 𝑦 = + − + + 𝐶1
2 2 6 6 Eliminate by eq.④ - eq. ③ x 2
𝐵𝑦 𝐿 3 13 𝑤 𝐵𝐿 4𝑦
0 13 𝑤 𝐿
3
𝐴 𝑦 𝑥3 𝐵 𝑦 ( 𝑥 − 𝐿)3 𝐴 𝐿 + −𝐴 + = −
𝑤 𝑥4 𝑤 ( 𝑥 − 𝐿)4 𝑦
6 𝑦 24
6 24
𝐸𝐼𝑦 = + − + +𝐶 1 𝑥 +𝐶 2
6 6 24 24 Eq. ⑤
3 Equations (①②&⑤) with 3 unknowns (, , )
Boundary Conditions:
7 𝑤𝐿 5 𝑤𝐿 𝑤𝐿
when x=0 , y=0 =0 𝐴 𝑦= 𝐵 𝑦= 𝐶 𝑦 =−
16 8 16
 SAMPLE PROBLEM

• The beam is supported by a pin at A , a roller at B

and a post having a diameter of 50 mm at C.
Determine the support reactions at AB and C. The
post and the beam are made of the same material
having a modulus of elasticity E = 200 GPa, and
the beam has a constant moment of inertia I =
255x106 mm4
 The beam is supported by a pin at A , a roller at B
and a post having a diameter of 50 mm at C.
Determine the support reactions at AB and C. The post
and the beam are made of the same material having a
modulus of elasticity E = 200 GPa, and the beam has
SOLUTION: a constant moment of inertia I = 255x106 mm4

∑ 𝑀=0 𝐴 𝑦 ( 𝑥 ) + 𝐶 𝑦 ( 𝑥 − 6 ) − 15 𝑥 (𝑥
2 )
− 𝑀 =0

𝑀 𝑀 = 𝐴 𝑦 𝑥 +𝐶 𝑦 (𝑥 −6 )−
15 𝑥 2
2

Double Integration Formula (EI y”=M)

x 𝐸𝐼𝑦= 𝑀 = {𝐴} rsub {𝑦} 𝑥 + {𝐶} rsub {𝑦} left (𝑥 −6 right ) − {15 {𝑥} ^ {2}} over {2
′ 𝐴 𝑦 𝑥2 𝐶 𝑦 ( 𝑥 − 6 )2 5𝑥
3
𝐸𝐼 𝑦 = + − +𝐶1
2 2 2

𝐴 𝑦 𝑥3 𝐶 𝑦 ( 𝑥 − 6 )3 5 𝑥
4
Equations of Equilibrium 𝐸𝐼𝑦 =
6
+
6
−
8
+ 𝐶1 𝑥 + 𝐶2

∑ 𝐹 𝑋 =0 𝐴 𝑋 =0
∑ 𝐹 𝑌=0 𝐴 𝑦 + 𝐵𝑦 + 𝐶 𝑦 −15 (12)=0 Boundary Conditions:
𝐴 𝑦 + 𝐵𝑦 + 𝐶 𝑦 =180 Eq. ① when x=0 , y=0

∑ 𝑀 𝐵=0 𝐴 𝑦 (12)+𝐶 𝑦 (6) −15 (12)(6)=0 when x=6 , y=

1 2 𝐴 𝑦 +6 𝐶 𝑦 =1080 Eq. ②
when x=12 , y=0
 The beam is supported by a pin at A , a roller at B
and a post having a diameter of 50 mm at C.
Determine the support reactions at AB and C. The post
and the beam are made of the same material having a
modulus of elasticity E = 200 GPa, and the beam has
SOLUTION: a constant moment of inertia I = 255x106 mm4

𝑃𝐿 𝐶 𝑦 (1)
when x=6 , y= ∆ 𝐶= =
𝑀 𝐴𝐸 ( 25 2 𝜋 ) 𝐸
( )
3 4
6 −12 𝐶 𝑦 (1) 𝐴𝑦(6 ) 5 (6 )
𝐸(255)(10 )(10 ) = − +𝐶 1 (6)+𝐶 2
51 𝐶 𝑦
( 25 𝜋 )( 10−) 𝐸
2 −6
6 8
=3 6 𝐴 810 + 6 𝐶
𝑦 1
125 𝜋
x 51 𝐶 𝑦
3 6 𝐴 − + 6 𝐶 1 =810
Eq. ③
𝑦
125 𝜋

when x=12 , y=0

𝐸𝐼𝑦= 𝑀 = {𝐴} rsub {𝑦} 𝑥 + {𝐶} rsub {𝑦} left (𝑥 −6 right ) − {15 {𝑥} ^ {2}} over𝐸𝐼
{2 ( 0 ) =0 = 𝐴 (12)3 𝐶 𝑦 (12 − 6 )3 4
𝑦 5 ( 12 )
+ − + 𝐶 1 (12)+ 𝐶 2
6 6 8

′ 𝐴 𝑦 𝑥2 𝐶 𝑦 ( 𝑥 − 6 )2 5𝑥
3
𝐸𝐼 𝑦 =
2
+
2
−
2
+𝐶1
288 𝐴 𝑦 + 36 𝐶 𝑦 +12
Eq. ④ 𝐶 1 =12960
𝐴 𝑦 𝑥3 𝐶 𝑦 ( 𝑥 − 6 )3 5 𝑥
4
𝐸𝐼𝑦 = + − Eliminate
+ 𝐶1 𝑥 + 𝐶2 by eq.④ - eq. ③ x 2
6 6 8
216 𝐴 𝑦 +35.74025 𝐶 𝑦 =11340Eq. ⑤
Boundary Conditions: 3 Equations (①②&⑤) with 3 unknowns (, , )
when x=0 , y=0 =0
33.9522 kN 33.9522 kN 112.0956 kN
MOMENT AREA
METHOD
MOMENT AREA METHOD
MOMENT AREA METHOD
MOMENT AREA METHOD

• Theorem 1:The change in slope between any two points on the elastic curve equals the
area of the M/EI diagram between these two points
MOMENT AREA METHOD

• Theorem 2: The vertical deviation of the tangent at a point (A) on the elastic curve with
respect to the tangent extended from another point (B) equals the “moment” of the area
under the M/EI diagram between the two points (A and B). This moment is computed
about point A (the point on the elastic curve), where the deviation is to be determined.
MOMENT AREA METHOD

1. The deviation at any point is positive if the point lies above the tangent, negative if the
point is below the tangent.
2. Measured from left tangent, if θ is counterclockwise, the change of slope is positive,
negative if θ is clockwise.
 SAMPLE PROBLEM

• Determine the reactions at the bearing support A

and fixed support B , then draw the shear and
moment diagrams for the beam. EI is constant.
 Determine the reactions at the bearing
support A and fixed support B , then draw
the shear and moment diagrams for the
beam. EI is constant.
SOLUTION:

Equations of Equilibrium Using formula of Moment Area method

∑ 𝐹 𝑋 =0 𝐵𝑋=0 (𝑡 𝐴 / 𝐵 )= 0 = ∑ 𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 ( 𝑥 )
∑ 𝐹 𝑌=0 𝐴 𝑦 + 𝐵𝑦 − 2− 3=0 •
𝐴 𝑦 + 𝐵 𝑦 =5 Eq. ①
∑ 𝑀 𝐵= 0 𝐴 𝑦 (9)+ 𝑀 𝐵 −2(6) −3 (3)=0
9 𝐴 𝑦 + 𝑀 𝐵 =21 Eq. ② kip kip-ft
kip
 SAMPLE PROBLEM

• Determine the reactions at pin support A and roller

supports B and C . EI is constant
 Determine the reactions at pin support A
and roller supports B and C . EI is
constant

SOLUTION:
𝑡 𝐴/𝐶
𝑡 𝐵 /𝐶 Elastic Curve Diagram
Ratio & Proportion
𝑡 𝐴 /𝐶 𝑡 𝐵 /𝐶
= M/EI Diagram
2𝐿 𝐿
𝑡 𝐴/ 𝐶 =2𝑡 𝐵/𝐶
𝑡 𝐴/ 𝐶 − 2𝑡 𝐵/ 𝐶 =0
Equations of Equilibrium Moment Area Method Formula

∑ 𝐹 𝑋 =0 𝐶 𝑋=0 1
( )
𝑡 𝐴 / 𝐶 = ( 𝐴 𝑦 𝐿) ( 𝐿 )
2
2𝐿 1
3 ( ) (
+ (𝐶 𝑦 𝐿 ) ( 𝐿 )
2
4𝐿
3
−
1 𝑤 𝐿2
3 2 ) ( )
( 𝐿)
3𝐿
44
∑ 𝐹 𝑌=0 𝐴 𝑦 + 𝐵𝑦 + 𝐶 𝑦 −𝑤𝐿=0
𝑡 𝐴 / 𝐶=
𝐴𝑦 𝐿3
+
2 𝐶 𝑦 𝐿3
−3
𝑤 𝐿
𝐴 𝑦 + 𝐵𝑦 + 𝐶 𝑦 =𝑤𝐿 Eq. ① 3 𝐿 3𝐶 𝑦 𝐿 8
∑ 𝑀 𝐶 =0 𝐴 𝑦 (2 𝐿)+𝐵 𝑦 (𝐿)− 𝑤𝐿(1.5 𝐿)=0
1
2 ( )
𝑡 𝐵 /𝐶 = ( 𝐶 𝑦 𝐿 ) ( 𝐿 ) 𝑡 𝐵 /𝐶 =
3 3 6 4
( ) ( )
3 3
𝐴𝑦 𝐿 2𝐶𝑦 𝐿 𝑤𝐿 𝐶𝑦 𝐿
𝑡 𝐴 / 𝐶 − 2𝑡 𝐵 / 𝐶 =0= + − −2
2 𝐴 𝑦 + 𝐵 𝑦 =1.5 𝑤𝐿 Eq. ② 3 3 8 6
3 𝑤 𝐿
𝐴 𝑦 + 𝐶Eq.𝑦③=
8
 Determine the reactions at pin support A
and roller supports B and C . EI is
constant

SOLUTION:
𝑡 𝐴/𝐶
𝑡 𝐵 /𝐶 Elastic Curve Diagram

M/EI Diagram

𝐴 𝑦 + 𝐵𝑦 + 𝐶 𝑦 =𝑤𝐿 Eq. ① 3 Equations (①②&③) with 3 unknowns (, , )

2 𝐴 𝑦 + 𝐵 𝑦 =1.5 𝑤𝐿
Eq. ② 7 𝑤𝐿 𝐵 = 5 𝑤𝐿 𝑤𝐿
𝐴 𝑦= 𝐿 𝑦
3 𝑤 𝐶 𝑦 =−
𝐴 𝑦 + 𝐶 Eq.
𝑦③ = 16 8 16
8
 SAMPLE PROBLEM

• Determine the moment reactions at the supports A

and B. EI is constant.
 • Determine the moment reactions at
the supports A and B. EI is constant.

SOLUTION:

Equations of Equilibrium
Moment Area Method Formula
∑ 𝐹 𝑌 = 0 𝐴 𝑦 + 𝐵𝑦 −𝑤 (0.5 𝐿)=0 1 𝐴𝑦 𝐿
( )
− 𝑀𝐴
( ) ( )( )
2
1 −𝑤 𝐿 𝐿
𝐴 𝑦 + 𝐵𝑦 =0.5 𝑤𝐿 Eq. ① 𝜃 𝐵/ 𝐴 = 0= ( 𝐿 ) + ( 𝐿 ) +
2 𝐸𝐼 𝐸𝐼 3 8 𝐸𝐼 2
𝐴𝑦 𝐿 𝑤 𝐿
2
∑ 𝐵
𝑀 =0 𝐴 𝑦 ( 𝐿 ) + 𝑀 𝐵 − 𝑀 𝐴 −𝑤 (0.5 𝐿)(0.25 𝐿)=0 − 𝑀
2𝐴 𝐿
Eq. ③ 𝐴=
48
2 ( 𝐸𝐼 ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )( )( 𝐿8 )
𝑤 𝐿2 1 𝑦 𝐿 −𝑀𝐴 𝐿 1 −𝑤𝐿 𝐿
2

𝐴 𝑦 𝐿 + 𝑀 𝐵 − 𝑀 𝐴= 𝑡 𝐵 / 𝐴 =0= ( 𝐿) + ( 𝐿) +
8Eq. ② 3 𝐸𝐼 2 3 8 𝐸𝐼 2
𝐴 𝐿
𝑦 𝑀 𝐴 𝑤 𝐿
2
− Eq. ④ =
6 2 384
 • Determine the moment reactions at
the supports A and B. EI is constant.

SOLUTION:

Equations 2 Equations (③&④) with 2 unknowns (,

𝐴 𝑦 + 𝐵𝑦 =0.5 𝑤𝐿 Eq. ① 3 𝑤𝐿 5𝑤 𝐿 2

𝐴 𝑦 𝐿 + 𝑀 𝐵 − 𝑀 𝐴=
𝑤 𝐿2 𝐴 𝑦= 𝑀 𝐴=
8 Eq. ② 322 192
𝐴𝑦 𝐿 𝑤 𝐿
− 𝑀 𝐴= 13 𝑤𝐿 11𝑤 𝐿2
2 Eq. ③ 𝐵
48 = 𝑀 𝐵=
𝐴𝑦 𝐿 𝑀 𝐴 𝑤𝑦 𝐿 32 192
2
− =
Eq. ④
6 2 384
CONJUGATE-BEAM
METHOD
CONJUGATE BEAM METHOD

• Theorem 1: The slope at a point in the real beam is numerically equal to the shear at the
corresponding point in the conjugate beam.
• Theorem 2: The displacement of a point in the real beam is numerically equal to the moment
at the corresponding point in the conjugate beam.
CONJUGATE BEAM METHOD
CONJUGATE BEAM METHOD
SAMPLE PROBLEM

• The loading on a floor beam used in the airplane

is shown. Determine the reactions at the supports
A and B , and then draw the moment diagram
for the beam.
 • The loading on a floor beam used in the
airplane is shown. Determine the reactions
at the supports A and B , and then draw
the moment diagram for the beam.
SOLUTION:
Equations of Equilibrium 𝐴′ 𝑦 −
1
2 ( 240
𝐸𝐼
𝐴
) ( 240 ) − 31 ( 216000
𝑦
𝐸𝐼 ) ( 120 )
∑ 𝐹 𝑋 =0 𝐵𝑋=0 𝐴′ =
8640000
−
28800 𝐴 𝑦

∑ 𝐹 𝑌=0
𝑦
𝐸𝐼 𝐸𝐼
𝐴 𝑦 + 𝐵𝑦 − 30(120 )= 0
𝐴 𝑦 + 𝐵𝑦 =3600 Eq. ①
∑ 𝑀 𝐵 ′ =0
∑ 𝑀 𝐵= 0 𝐴 𝑦 (240)+ 𝑀 𝐵 −30 (120)(60)=0′
𝐴 𝑦 ( 240 )+
1
( 240 𝐴 𝑦
)
( 240 )
240
− ( ) (
1 216000
( 120 ) )
120
( )
− 𝑀 𝐵 ′=
2 40 𝐴 𝑦 + 𝑀 𝐵 =216000 2 𝐸𝐼 3 3 𝐸𝐼 4
Eq. ②

( 8 , 640 , 000 28 , 800 𝐴 𝑦

𝐸𝐼
−
𝐸𝐼 )
( 240 )+
2 , 304,000 𝐴 𝑦
𝐸𝐼
−259,200,000=0

𝐴 𝑦 =393.75 𝑙𝑏 𝑀 𝐵 =121,500 𝑙𝑏 −𝑖𝑛

𝑀 𝐵′ 𝐵 𝑦 = 3206.25 𝑙𝑏
 • The loading on a floor beam used in the
airplane is shown. Determine the reactions
at the supports A and B , and then draw
the moment diagram for the beam.
SOLUTION:
𝐴 𝑦 =393.75 𝑙𝑏 393.75𝑙𝑏
𝐵 𝑦 = 3206.25 𝑙𝑏 120 𝑖𝑛 V-diagram
120 𝑖𝑛 𝑥
𝑀 𝐵 =121,500 𝑙𝑏 −𝑖𝑛

lb
𝑥
393.75
=
120
3600𝑥=13.125 𝑖𝑛 4 7250𝑙𝑏−𝑖𝑛 49,833.9844 𝑙𝑏−𝑖𝑛
𝐴1=( 393.75 )( 120 ) =47,250𝑙𝑏−𝑖𝑛 M-diagram

( )
𝐴 2=
1
2
( 393.75 )( 13.125 )=2,583.9844 𝑙𝑏− 𝑖𝑛
−121,500𝑙𝑏−𝑖𝑛
𝐴 3=( )
1
2
( − 3206.25 ) ( 106.875 )= − 171,333.9844 𝑙𝑏 − 𝑖𝑛
SAMPLE PROBLEM

• Determine the reactions at the supports A, B and

C, then draw the shear and moment diagrams.
EI is constant.
 • Determine the reactions at the
supports A, B and C, then draw the
shear and moment diagrams. EI is
constant.
SOLUTION:
Consider A’B’

∑ 𝑀 𝐵 ′ =0
𝐴 ′ 𝑦 ( 12 ) +
1
2 ( 12
( 12 𝐴 𝑦 ) (12 ) 3 ) − 12 (72 ) ( 6 ) ( 63 )=0
𝐴′ 𝑦 = 36 − 24 𝐴 𝑦
Equations of Equilibrium

∑ 𝐹 𝑋 =0 𝐶 𝑋 = 0 Consider B’C’
∑ 𝐹 𝑌 = 0 𝐴 𝑦 + 𝐵𝑦 + 𝐶 𝑦 −12 − 3(12)=0 ∑ 𝑀 𝐵 ′ =0
𝐴 𝑦 + 𝐵𝑦 + 𝐶 𝑦 = 48 Eq. ①
− 𝐶 ′ 𝑦 ( 12 ) −
1
2
( 12 𝐶 𝑦 ) ( 12 ) ( 12
3 )
+
1
3
(216 ) ( 12 ) (
4 )
12
=0

∑ 𝑀 𝐶 =0𝐴 𝑦 ( 24 ) + 𝐵 𝑦 ( 12 ) − 12 ( 18 ) − 3(12)(6)=0 𝐶 ′ 𝑦 =216 − 24 𝐶 𝑦

2 4 𝐴 𝑦 +12 𝐵 𝑦 = 432 Eq. ②
 • Determine the reactions at the
supports A, B and C, then draw the
shear and moment diagrams. EI is
constant.
SOLUTION:
Consider A’C’
∑ 𝐹 𝑌 1= 0 1 1 1
𝐴 ′ 𝑦 +𝐶 ′ 𝑦 +
2
( 12 𝐴 𝑦 ) ( 12 ) + 2 ( 12 𝐶 𝑦 ) ( 12 ) − 2 (72 ) ( 6 ) − 3 ( 216) ( 12 ) =0

4 8 𝐴 𝑦 + 48 𝐶Eq.𝑦③=828
𝐴 𝑦 + 𝐵𝑦 + 𝐶 𝑦 =48 Eq. ①
2 4 𝐴 𝑦 +12 𝐵 𝑦 = 432
Eq. ②
3 Equations with 3 unknowns (, , )

kip 𝐶 𝑦 = 14.625
kip
 • Determine the reactions at the
supports A, B and C, then draw the
shear and moment diagrams. EI is
constant.
SOLUTION:
kip 21.375𝑘𝑖𝑝
2.625𝑘𝑖𝑝
kip 12 𝑓𝑡 V-diagram
𝐶 𝑦 = 14.625 6 𝑓𝑡 6 𝑓𝑡 𝑥
−9.375 𝑘𝑖𝑝
−14.625𝑘𝑖𝑝
𝑥 12
21.375
=
36 𝑥=7.125 𝑓𝑡 15.75𝑘𝑖𝑝− 𝑓𝑡
35.6484 𝑘𝑖𝑝 − 𝑓𝑡
𝐴1=( 2.625 )( 6 )=15.75 𝑘𝑖𝑝 − 𝑓𝑡 M-diagram
𝐴 = ( 1 9.375 ) ( 6 ) =−56.25 𝑘𝑖𝑝 − 𝑓𝑡
−
2
𝐴 =
3 (2) ( 21.375 ) ( 7.125 ) =76.1484 𝑘𝑖𝑝 − 𝑓𝑡
−40.5𝑘𝑖𝑝− 𝑓𝑡
𝐴 =( ) ( − 14.625 ) ( 4.875 ) =− 35.6484 𝑘𝑖𝑝 − 𝑓𝑡
1
4
2
SAMPLE PROBLEM

• Determine the reactions at the supports A and C.

All dimensions are in meters
 • Determine the reactions at the
supports A and C. All dimensions are
in meters

SOLUTION:
Consider A’B’
∑ 𝑀 𝐵 ′ =0
1
2 ( ) 20 1
( ) 10
( 20 𝐴 𝑦 ) ( 20 ) 3 − 2 ( 170 )( 10 ) 3 − 𝑀 𝐴 (20)(10)=0

𝑀 𝐶′
𝑉 𝐶′

40
Equations of Equilibrium 𝐴𝑦 − 2 𝑀
3
Eq. ③
∑ 𝐹 𝑌 = 0 𝐴 𝑦+ 𝐵𝑦 + 𝐶 𝑦 −17 −3( 20)=0 Consider A’C’
𝐴 𝑦 + 𝐵𝑦 + 𝐶 𝑦 =77 Eq. ① ∑ 𝑀 𝐶 ′ =0

() () () ()
∑ 𝑀 𝐴 =0 1 40 1 20 1 30 1 20
2 0 𝐵 𝑦 +40 𝐶 𝑦 +𝑀 𝐴 − 𝑀 𝑐 =1970
(2 40𝐴𝑦 ) ( 40) 3 + 2 ( 2 0𝐵𝑦) (2 0) 3 − 𝑀 𝐴 (4 0)(2 0) − 2 (510)(30 ) 3 − 3 (600) (2 0 ) 4 − 𝑀𝐶′=0
− 𝐵 𝑦 ( 20 ) − 𝐶 𝑦 ( 40 ) − 𝑀 𝐴 + 𝑀 𝑐 +17 (10 ) +3(20)(30)=0
320 40
Eq. ② 3
𝐴𝑦+
3
𝐵𝑦 − 8 𝑀 𝐴 = 965
Eq. ④
 • Determine the reactions at the
supports A and C. All dimensions are
in meters

SOLUTION:

𝑀 𝐶′
𝑉 𝐶′
Consider A’C’
∑ 𝐹 𝑌=0
1 1 1 1
(2 40 𝐴 𝑦 ) ( 40)+ 2 (2 0𝐵𝑦 ) (2 0) −𝑀 𝐴 (4 0) − 2 (510 )(30 )− 3 (600)(2 0) −𝑉 𝐶′𝐵=0𝐴 ==6.34375
5 Equations with 5 unknowns (, , , , )
𝑘𝑁
38.5 𝑘𝑁 𝑀 =28.125 𝑘𝑁 − 𝑚
𝑦
𝐴
80 𝐴 +20 𝐵 − 4 𝑀 =1165
𝑦
𝑀 =114.37501 𝑘𝑁 − 𝑚
𝑦 𝑦 𝐴 Eq. ⑤ 𝑦 𝐶 =32.15625 𝑘𝑁 𝐵
THANK YOU!