Post Tsunami Housing-Case Study

ABOUT THE ARCHITECT
Architect: Shigeru Ban is a Japanese

Shigeru Ban Architect, known for his
innovative work with paper,
Design: 2005 particularly recycled
cardboard tubes used to
Completed: 2006 quickly and efficiently house
disaster victims.
Site area: 15900 sqm
Winner of 2014 Pritzker,
Total number of units: 67 for his innovative use of
material and his dedication
Area of single unit: to humanitarian efforts
71 sqm around the world.
INTRODUCTION
Kirinda, a small Muslim

fishing village affected by
the Indian Ocean
Tsunami,2004.
Involved construction of
67 houses, a mosque
and tree plantation.
The houses are spread

around kirinda, in an
area of 15,900 sqm
SITE Tropical
climate with
Level site, high humidity
close to the and very little
sea. seasonal
variation in
Village temperature.
buildings are
on either side Typical local
of the road. architecture
includes single
Landscape storey
include paddy detached
fields, lakes, constructions
coconut composed of
plantations concrete
and sandy blocks,
beaches. corrugated
iron roof
sheeting and
timber
THE DESIGN
Climate played a
significant role in
conditioning the design,
with ensuring ventilation a
prominent consideration.
The houses were designed

to allow maximum cross
ventilation.
Slatted upper walls at the

gable ends, the open court
space in the middle of the
building.
COURTYARD SPACE
The open court space in the

middle of the building was
designated to provide a
shaded, ventilated area
where inhabitants could
carry out various important
functions, such as eating,
socializing and repairing
fishing nets and other
equipment.
The separation of the wall

and the roofed court with
folding doors was designed
with women’s privacy in
mind, so that women could
remain unseen by guests.
MATERIALS
The principle material was Compressed Earth Blocks

(CEB), a compressed mixture of sunbaked clay and
cement available in Srilanka at low cost.
Parts of the walls were also composed of

prefabricated furniture units made from rubber
trees, which is a also a locally sourced natural
material.
Clay Tiles were used on the roof, on top of the

timber trusses.
A slatted timber screen was used for the top section

of the walls at both gable ends and between the hall
and the roofed court.
Wooden panels were used for folding doors

between the hall and the roofed court. Wood
sections that were crafted off site were made from
teak, coconut and rubber trees. Varnish was not
used on the exterior panels.
ANALYSIS
The open court space
The separation of the
is exposed to other
hall and the roofed
houses, which may
court with folding doors
pose an regarding
was designed with
privacy.
women’s privacy in
mind, so that women
Houses are
could remain unseen by
structurally robust,
guests.
with the wooden roof
But the decision to
trusses securely
locate the kitchen and
attached to the walls
bathroom within the
and sufficiently
building is problematic
sturdy and heavy to
for some residents due
withstand high winds
to the greater visibility
and earthquakes.
of women.
ANALYSIS
The increased
exposure to the
outside results in dust Challenge to
entering the house, as encourage people for
well as rain entering utilising CEBs.
the bedrooms at the
gable end due to the Some of the
roof not overhanging inhabitants have
sufficiently to shelter opted to use large
the structure from the concrete blocks for
rain. additional walls,
rather than utilize
The houses do not CEBs as featured in
feature drainpipes, so the original design.
that rainwater simply
runs off the roof to
the ground.
INFERENCE
The local customs must be given prior

importance.
Climatic conditions must be taken into

consideration. Design elements
introduced must not cause an issue
on the long run of the residence.
Proper spaces must be provided

according to the income group and
the occupation of the people for
whom the design is intended.
If new materials are being introduced

proper awareness must be given to
the locals before implementing.

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ABOUT THE ARCHITECT

Architect: Shigeru Ban is a Japanese

Kirinda, a small Muslim

The houses are spread

The houses were designed

Slatted upper walls at the

The open court space in the

The separation of the wall

The principle material was Compressed Earth Blocks

Parts of the walls were also composed of

Clay Tiles were used on the roof, on top of the

A slatted timber screen was used for the top section

Wooden panels were used for folding doors

The local customs must be given prior

Climatic conditions must be taken into

Proper spaces must be provided

If new materials are being introduced

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