Before The Conquest

BEFORE THE
CONQUEST
 The tradition of Philippine history writing
which the Spanish chronicles originated
and which American and Filipino writers
followed later had the Spaniards, more
specifically Ferdinand Magellan discover
the Philippines.
WHEN DID FERDINAND MAGELLAN
DISCOVER THE PHILIPPINES?
 On March 16, 1521, Portuguese navigator
Ferdinand Magellan, attempting to sail
around the world for Spain, reached the
Philippine archipelago.
PEOPLING OF THE PHILIPPINES
 Up to the early 1970s, it had been assumed that
the Philippines was part of mainland China.
 It was theorized that during the Pleistocene or
Ice Age, the waters surrounding what is now the
Philippines fell about 156 feet below the present
level.
 As a result, a vast area of land was exposed and
became sort of land bridges to the mainland of
Asia.
 In February 1976, this theory of the "land of bridges" to
Asia was disputed by Dr. Fritjof Voss.
 According to Dr. Voss the Philippines never a part of
the mainland of the Asia but that it rose from the bottom
of the sea and “continues to rise as the thin Pacific crust
moves below it”.
INTRODUCTION OF ISLAM
 The spread of Islam to old Malaysia was brought by the

activities of the Arab traders, missionaries and teachers
who introduced their religious beliefs among the
Malaysia.
 The foundation of Islam was laid in Malaysia by the
Arabian scholar Mudum, who arrived in the Malay
Peninsula about the middle of the 14th century.
 In 1390 Raja Baginda, one of the pretty rulers of
Minangkabau. Sumatra arrived in Sulu and promptly
converted some of the natives to Islam.
 He Married Raja Baginda's daughter, Paramisuli.
 After Baginda's death, Abu Bakr exercised his powers as

sultan and established a government patterned after the
Sultanate of Arabia.
 Islam spread rapidly to all parts of Sulu.
 In Mindanao, Serif Kabungsuan who had meanwhile
arrived from Johore with his men, immediately began
laying the foundation of Islam.
 He converted many tribes to his religion and having
married into an influential family, made him self the first
sultan of Mindanao.
 From then on, Islam rapidly spread to the Visayas and
Luzon.
RELATIONS WITH THE ORANG
DAMPUANS
 Between 900 and 1200 A. D., another group of

immigrants came to the Philippines from Southern
Annam. Knowns as Orang Dampuans or Men from
champs, they established trading post in Sulu, resulting
in a flourishing trade between Sulu and Southern Annam.
 As usually happened the Orang Dampuans, because of
their increasing property aroused of the Buranuns who in
a fit of anger, massacred some Orang Dampuans.
RELATIONS WITH BANJARMASIN
 The fame of Sulu reached as far as northern Borneo and

soon Banjarmasin and Brunei, two of the important sub-
states of the Empire of Sri Vijaya, sent traders to Sulu.
 Thus, regular trade relations were established between
the people of Sulu and the men of Banjar, as the men of
Banjarmasin were called.
 The Buranuns looked with suspicion at the men of
Banjar, for they had not forgotten their tragic experience
with the Orang Dampuans.
 With Sulu now under their thumb, the men of Banjar
sent more adventures and traders to Sulu until as time
went on the Buranuns were slowly pressured into the
hinterland, leaving the coasts to the wily men of Banjar.
 From the union of the Buranun chieftain and the
Banjarmasin princess came the rulers of Sulu. For many
years Sulu remained under the influence of Banjarmasin.
RELATIONS WITH CHINA
 From scanty records that have come down to the present,

it is known that the Philippines had some commercial
relations with the neighboring countries, particularly
with China.
 Trade relations with the latter started in the 9th century
when some Arab traders who were barred from the
Central China coast found as alternative route starting
from Malacca and passing through Borneo, the
Philippines and Taiwan.
 During the rule of the Sung Dynasty (960-1127) in
China, Chinese goods began to flow in a continuous
stream into the Philippines Chinese colonies were
founded in the costal towns of the archipelago.
 By the middle of the 14th century, however, other
countries of Asia had begun to take an active interest in
Philippine trade.
 Cambodia and Champa, in Indo-China, trade their
porcelain products for Philippine wares.
 The Chinese regained control of the Philippine trade
when the Ming emperor, Yung Lo, (1402-1424) came to
the thrones of China Yung Lo sent a large feet consisting
of more than sixty vessels to the Philippines under the
command of Admiral Cheng Ho.
 In the 15th century when Islam began to spread to the
Philippines, the Indo-China trade suffered a setback and
the Chinese traders, pressed back by the Muslims, sought
new trading routes to the parts of the Philippines.
THE TEN BORNEAN DATUS
 Maragtas - legendary in the 13th century, transform in

the mission.
 Sultan Macatunaw - was mistreating his subjects, so that

ten of chieftains (datus) decided to leave.
 The Ten Datus search for freedom.

 1. Datus Puti
 2. Datu Bangkaya
 3. Datu Dumalugdog
 4. Datu Sumakwel
 5. Datu Lubay
 6. Datu Paiburong
 7. Datu Dumangsil
 8. Datu Balensusa
 9. Datu Paduhinog and
 10. Datu Dumangsol
 They sailed secretly using balangays.

 Bornean Datus reach Panay which at the time inhabited
by the Negritos called Atis.
 Marikudo and his wife, Maniwantiwan.
 Datu Puti. - the leader of Bornean datus.

 Assured them of their peaceful intentions.
 All they wanted is to buy land where he and his men

could settle peacefully.
 Datus Puti, Balensusa and Dumangsel - sailed northward
to Luzon disembarking in the region around Lake
bonbon (Taal).
THE ALLEGED CODE OF KALANTIYAW
 may be presumed that there were laws.

 more accurately.
 Laws of Orders - were promulgated by the chieftains and

or a council of elders.
 1433- has been alleged the third chief of Panay.
 Datu Kalantiyaw
 - a descendant of Datu Sumakwel.
 - issued orders for the guidance of his people so- called "
Code of Kalantiyaw".
 Code of Kalantiyaw
 s a disputed document.
 its contents may be interest to the readers.
 Write to Joan Alburo Hernandez

CHINESE INFLUENCES
 On the 10th century- the long contacts of the Filipinos

and Chinese during the Christian Era.
Chinese - never had any political designs in Philippines

rather interests lay in profits.
 - influences Filipino learned how to use umbrellas,
gongs, lead, porcelain the manufacture of gun powder
maiming methods and metallurgy.
 Indian Influences - are primarily reflected in the

Philippines languages particularly in Tagalog.
 Random " Borrowing" from Sanskrit the ancient
language of India.
 Sanskrit Tagalog
 Kshama Aksaya
 Ahi Ahas
 Sanskrit words - also encountered in Visayan and

Maguindanao. They do primarily with government,
religion and commerce.
" Some such words "
 Agama ( religion) Guru ( teacher)
 Indra - is the Indian King of Heaven.
 Mountain Province
 Waist loom - worked by the Igorot women.
 Modern Barong Tagalog - is the same cut and

embroidery as the "Kurta" of luck now.
 India except for different collar and cuffs.
 Veil - recognize as an unaltered relic of an Asian past.
 Cord and Veil - remains ancient symbolism in the
wedding ceremony of the Philippines, practiced by both
Hindu and Muslim weddings.
THANK YOU

Before The Conquest

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Before The Conquest

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BEFORE THE

 The spread of Islam to old Malaysia was brought by the

 After Baginda's death, Abu Bakr exercised his powers as

 Between 900 and 1200 A. D., another group of

 The fame of Sulu reached as far as northern Borneo and

 From scanty records that have come down to the present,

 Maragtas - legendary in the 13th century, transform in

 Sultan Macatunaw - was mistreating his subjects, so that

 The Ten Datus search for freedom.

 9. Datu Paduhinog and

 10. Datu Dumangsol

 They sailed secretly using balangays.

 Datu Puti. - the leader of Bornean datus.

 All they wanted is to buy land where he and his men

 may be presumed that there were laws.

 Laws of Orders - were promulgated by the chieftains and

 1433- has been alleged the third chief of Panay.

 its contents may be interest to the readers.

 Write to Joan Alburo Hernandez

 On the 10th century- the long contacts of the Filipinos

Chinese - never had any political designs in Philippines

 Indian Influences - are primarily reflected in the

 Sanskrit words - also encountered in Visayan and

 Indra - is the Indian King of Heaven.

 Modern Barong Tagalog - is the same cut and

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