Zafran Ullah
Zafran Ullah
Zafran Ullah
Definition
Pathophysiology
Epidemiology
Etiology
Types
Sign and symptoms
Complication
Diagnosis
Management and treatment
Definition:
In 2013, 382 million people have diabetic worldwide. In this 90% cases of
type-2 DM having equal ratio of 8.3 % of both genders in adult population.
In 2012 it is resulted that 1.5 million deaths worldwide making it the 8 th
leading cause of death in which more than 80% of the diabetic deaths were
occurring in the low and middle income countries.
In recent era (2016) 422 million peoples have diabetes worldwide.
Types:
Type-1: in this type the body own immune system which normally fight with
harmful bacteria and mistakenly destroy the insulin producing cell in the
pancreases, sometime it is genetically and sometime due to environmental
factor i.e. virus etc.
Type-2: type 2 DM develop when the body become resistant to insulin or when
pancreas stop producing enough insulin. It may be genetically or
environmental factors i.e. excess weight and contributing factors.
Tyep-3: during pregnancy the placenta which connect your baby to your blood
supply produce high level of other hormone. almost all of them impair the
action of insulin in your cell and rising your blood sugar level.
Sign & symptom
Management: Diabetes millets is a chronic disease for which there is no known cure except in very specific
situation. Management concentrate on keeping blood sugar level as close to normal as possible without
causing hypoglycemia. This can be usually accomplished with diet, exercise and use of proper medication.
Treatment:
Type-1:
diet control
Insulin
Type-2:
Diet control
Oral hypoglycemic agent
Insulin if required
Type-3:
Diet control
insulin
Drugs:
Insulin secreatagogue
Ist generation:
tolazamide,
tolbutamide,
chlorpropamide
2nd generation:
glipizide;
gliclazid,
gliquidone
Insulin sensitizer:
Metformin,
rosiglitazone
Alpha-glucosidase inhibitor:
Meglital
Acarbase