Nrs 2070

NEPAL ROAD
STANDARD 2070
Members:
❉ Unkit Gyawali - 10
❉ Anup Dahal - 11
GROUP - E ❉ Anurag Chunara - 12

❉ Bishal Ghimire - 22
❉ Khemraj Adhikari - 32
❉ Manisha Bhandari - 42
ABBREVIATIONS
AASHTO - Association of American State Highway and Transportation Officials.
AADT - Average Annual Daily Traffic
ADT. - Average Daily Traffic
B.S. - Bikram Sambat
CE - Common Era
DOLIDAR - Department of Local Infrastructure Development and Agricultural Roads DOR-Department of
Roads
h - hour
IP - Intersection Point
IRC - Indian Roads Congress
km - kilometers
LOS - Level of Service
LRN - Local roads network
m - metre
NRS - Nepal Roads Standards
ORN - Overseas Road Notes
PCU - Passenger Car Unit
s - second
SRN - Strategic Roads Network
1. INTRODUCTION
NRS 2027 - 2045 - 2070
objectives of achieving consistency in road design and
construction
SCOPE OF USE
1. These standards are to be applied for all roads being constructed in Nepal.
These standards apply mostly for non-urban roads (in open country outside
built-up area.)
2. These requirements can be relaxed in some very difficult situations by the Government of
Nepal.
3. Efforts in general should, however, be to aim at standards higher than the minimum indicated
here.
4. The geometric features of roads except cross sectional elements do not lend to stage
construction. Geometric deficiencies are costly and sometimes impossible to rectify later on
due to subsequent road development. Therefore, it is essential that geometric requirements
should be kept in view right in the beginning.
ROAD CLASSIFICATION
A. Administrative Classification
❉ National Highways
❉ Feeder Roads
❉ District Roads and
❉ Urban Roads
B. Technical/ Functional Classification

► Class –I
► Class II
► Class III
► Class IV
NATIONAL HIGHWAY
TRAFFIC CHARACTERISTICS
Maximum Width, m 2.50

Maximum Height, m 4.75
Maximum Length, m 18.00
Maximum single axle load, kN 100
EQUIVALENCY FACTORS
CAPACITY AND LEVEL OF SERVICE
TERRAIN CLASSIFICATION
DESIGN SPEED
9 HORIZONTAL ALIGNMENT
Radius of Horizontal Curves
Transition Curves or Spirals
Hair pin Bends
Extrawidening
Set-Back Distance at Horizontal Curves
VERTICAL ALIGNMENT
Gradients
Climbing Lanes
Emergency escape ramps
Vertical Curves
ROAD CROSS SECTION ELEMENTS
Carriageway
Shoulder
Medians
Formation or Roadway Width
Camber
Superelevation
Side slopes
Typical Cross Sections
Right of Way and Clearances
TRAFFIC SIGNS AND SAFETY
MISCELLANEOUS ROAD APPERTUANCES
Guard Rails and Safety Barriers
Road Humps
Bicycle Tracks
Pedestrian Facilities
Bus Lay Bys
Curbs
Road Lighting
Road Drainage
ACCESS CONTROL
PAVEMENT
ROAD INTERSECTIONS
STRUCTURES
17.1 Bridges, culverts and other cross drainage structures
17.2 Retaining Walls
17.3 Road Tunnels
18 MAINTENANCE
19 AESTHETICS AND LANDSCAPE DESIGN
20 ROADSIDE ARBORICULTURE
21 ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATION
22 ROADSIDE SERVICE FACILITIES
GLOSSARY
Average Daily Traffic (ADT)- ADT is the total volume of traffic across a road section during a given time period (in
whole days), greater than one day and less than one year, divided by the number of days in that time period.
Bridge- A high level cross drainage structure across the roads with more than 6m length.
Bus lay by- A bus lay-by (also called bus turnout) is a special zone on the side of the main
roadway for primarily buses to stop in order to pick up and drop off passengers.
Design Speed-It is the maximum safe speed that can be maintained over a specified section of highway when
conditions are so favorable that the design features of the highway govern
Camber-Transverse slope given to the road surface to facilitate drainage.
Carriageway- The portion of the roadway for the movement of vehicles, exclusive of shoulders
Climbing Lane-It is an extra lane in the upgrade direction of a highway for use by heavy vehicles whose speeds
are significantly reduced by the grade
Culvert- A cross drainage structure on the road usually less than 6m length.
Formation or Subgrade- It is the top surface of the embankment or cutting where the roadway
rests
Lateral Clearance-It is the horizontal distance between the extreme edge of the carriageway to the face of the
structure
Level of Service (LOS)-It is a qualitative measure describing operational conditions within a traffic stream and
their perception by drivers/passengers.
Lux- is the SI unit of luminance, measuring luminous flux per unit area. It is equal
to one lumen per square metre. It can be understood as a measure of the total
"amount" of visible light present, per unit area of a surface.
Medians-That portion of a divided highway separating the traveled ways for traffic
in opposite directions including inside shoulders.
Right of Way-A general term denoting land, property of interest therein, usually in a
strip, acquired for or devoted to transportation purposes.
Roadway: The portion of a highway, including shoulders, for vehicular use. A
divided highway has two or more roadways.
Shoulder- A shoulder is the portion of the roadway contiguous with the
carriageway that accommodates stopped vehicles, emergency use, and lateral
support of subbase, base, and surface courses.
Superelevation-One sided transverse slope given to the pavement surface on
curved sections of the road
Vertical Clearance-It is the height above the highest point of the carriageway to the
lowest point of overhead structure.
References
1.AASHTO: A policy on Geometric Design of highways and streets,Washington DC,AASHTO,2001
2.ESCAP:Asian Highway Handbook,United Nations,New York,2003
3.IRC 64:1990 : Guidelines for capacity of Roads in Rural Areas,New Delhi,IRC,1990
4.IRC 73:1980:Geometric Design Standards for Rural (Non-urban)-Highways,New Delhi,IRC,1980
5.SNIP 2.05.08: Awtomobilnye Dorogi(Russian Roads Standards),Moscow,2008
6.NRS 2045:Nepal Roads Standards,Kathmandu,Department of Roads,2045 BS
7.TRRL:ORN-6 A Guide to Geometric Design:TRRL, Crowthorne Berkshire United Kingdom,1988
8.Babkov V F:Design of Highways(in Russian),Transport,Moscow,1988
9.Traffic Safety Unit: Traffic Signs Manuals Vol-I and Vol II,Department of
10.Roads,Kathmandu,1997
11.Garber,Hoel:Principles of Traffic And Highway Engineering,Cengage Learning,New Delhi,2010
12.Kadiyali,Lal:Principle and Practices of Highway Engineering,Khanna Publishers,New Delhi,2004

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NEPAL ROAD

GROUP - E ❉ Anurag Chunara - 12

B. Technical/ Functional Classification

Maximum Width, m 2.50

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