ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION

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 ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION

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ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION

ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGMENT
Payal Katkade

CONTROL OF ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION.

5 RENEABLE NON-RENEWEABLE NATURAL RESOURCES
Anushkha Singh
4 6 Poonam Rohile

THERMAL POLLUTION FACTORS OF DEPLETION

Shivani Dhone 3 7 Nikata Hawladar

KEYS
NOISE POLLUTION CONSERVATION OF FOREST RESOURCES
Pratiksha Kale 2 8 Sejal Thawkar

AGRICULTURAL POLLUTION
Shrawani Deshmukh 1 9 CONSRVATION OF WATER RESOURCES
Cibil Benedict

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 POLLUTION
I. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION

II. NATURAL RESOURCES

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ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION

Thermal Pollution
Agricultural Pollution Degradation of water quality by any process
Biotic and abiotic that changes the ambient water temperature.
byproducts of farming
practices. Control of Environmental Pollution
According to your need to
draw the text box size

Environmental Management
Environmental pollution often controls
often includes the management of land
Noise Pollution development so as to reduce pollution.
Any unwanted
disturbing sounds Summary

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 PART
01
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
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ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION

Environmental pollution is defined as

“the contamination of the physical and biological
components of the earth/atmosphere system to such
an extent that normal environmental processes are
adversely affected.”

 Environmental pollution is an unfavorable alteration of our surrounding, wholly or largely as by products on man’s
action through direct and indirect effects of changes in energy pattern, radiation levels, chemical and physical
constituents and abundance of organisms.
 Pollution is defined as the addition of extraneous materials to water, air or land which adversely affect the natural
quality of the environment.
 A pollutant can also be defined as constituent in the wrong amount at the wrong place or at the wrong time.

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BIGGEST CONTRIBUTORS TO POLLUTION IN INDIA

 The biggest contributors to pollution are:

1. Sewage waste
2. Artificial Agriculture Fertilizers
3. Metals
4. Oils
5. Plastic
6. Glass
7. Aluminum cans
8. Industrial wastes
9. Combustion of Fossil Fuels
10. Automobiles
11. Acids and Alkalis
12. Soot, dust and gases
13. Electronic and radioactive wastes

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TYPES OF POLLUTION:

AIR POLLUTION
It is the contamination of air
due to presence of substances in
the atmosphere.

WATER POLLUTION
It is the contamination of water
bodies, usually as a result of human
activity which affect negatively.

SOIL POLLUTION 55%

The presence of harmful
chemicals in soil, in high
concentration. 78%
LAND POLLUTION
63%
The destruction or a decline in
quantity of the earth’s surface as 85%
a result of human cycle.

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TYPES OF POLLUTON:

AGRICULTURAL POLLUTION

Biotic and abiotic byproducts

of farming practices

NOISE POLLUTION
Any unwanted disturbing
sounds

THERMAL POLLUTION
Degradation of water quality
by any process that changes
the ambient water
temperature.

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 PART
02
AGRICULTURAL POLLUTION
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AGRIULTURAL POLLUTION

Agricultural pollution refers to biotic and abiotic

byproducts of farming practices that result in
contamination or degradation of the environment and
surrounding ecosystems, and/or cause injury to humans
and their economic interests.

 Improved agronomics practices, artificial fertilizers, farm chemicals and improved methods of preserving
and transporting food are playing roles in agricultural pollution.
 Although air and water pollutions have affected agriculture adversely, agricultural methods themselves
have contributed to environmental pollution.

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CAUSES OF AGRICULTURE POLLUTION

Pollutants from agriculture greatly affect water

quality and can be found in lakes, river, wetlands,
estuaries and groundwater.

 Pollutants from farming includes sedimentation, nutrients, pathogens, pesticides, metals and salts.
 Agriculture pollutants are the most common types of agriculture pollutants.
 Agricultural chemicals includes pesticides like insecticides, fungicides, nematisides, rodenticides, herbicides and
weedicides have no doubt increased crop yields but they have contributed air and water pollution to a
significant level.
 Similar excessive use of fertilizers may also create problems since fertilizers can be transported to the ground
water by leaching or to water ways by natural drainage and surfaces.
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CAUSES OF AGRICULTURAL POLLUTION:

 Farm Animal Wastes:

 Farm animal wastes like faecal matter, urine, wastes from
slaughter houses, dead animal wastes, have regarded as
important sources of soil fertility, inspire possessing
serious problems of foul odor and water pollution.
 Animal wastes poses serious problems when they enter
the water supplies.
 Sometimes public health problems arise from their role in
transmitting disease.

 Soil Erosion:
 Soil wind carry soil particle into the air and water then produce air and water pollution.
 When they are carried to the streams by storms or by runoff water they settle at the bottom and destroy irrigation
systems. Sediments can clog gills of fish.
 It can reduce the dissolved O2 level and thereby it adversely affects aquatic life.
 Control of soil erosion consequently can control the environmental pollution.

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CAUSES OF AGRICULTURAL POLLUTION:

 Plant Residues:
 Plant residues from from crop fields and orchads
contribute much too environmental pollution. They may
carry plant diseases and pests.
 When they are brunt they emit smoke and hydrocarbon
which corresponds to an unfavorable alteration of
environment of agricultureal burning is important
pollution problem.

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Agricultural Chemical Pollutants are mainly of four types:

INSECTISIDES HERBISIDES
DDT used the first chlorinated These are chemicals which kills herbs.
hydrocarbons to be used as pesticides These are of two types
by the farmer to avoid damage of crop 1. Non-Selectively Herbicides
by pest. They are classified as 1.Stomach
2. Selective Herbicides
poison 2.Contact Poison 3.Fumingants

FUNGISIDES ROTENTICIDES
It is used to prevent fungal pathogen of They are used to kill rodents, rats and
plants. Sulphur, organic mercuric mice. Examples strychnine, sodium
compounds, formaldehyde, copper fluroacetate.
sulphate and some others are
commonly used.

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ADVERSE EFFECTS OF AGRICULTURAL POLLUTION:

Causes blindness, cancer deformities, disease of Liver

and Nervous System have been reportd in cotton growing
districts of two states in India. Studies conducted by
INDUSTRIAL TAXICOLOGICAL RESEARCH CENTRE
(ITRC), Lukhnow and Neurological Department of K.G.
Medical University, Luknow revealed that one fifth of
the farm workers have damaged eye-sight following
muscular degenerations

 Chlorinated compounds of Pesticides when used for long period can accumulate in the tissue lipoids that cause
acute toxicity affecting central nervous system leading to hypersensitivity, convulsion, paralysis and death
through respiratory arrest. Examples DDT, BHC, Aldrin, Lindane etc.
 Ethylene dichloride, ethylene dibromide, methyl bromide and aluminum phosphide are commonly used as
fumigants which accumulates in human and animal tissues, liver, kidneys, heart, spleen and causes degradation.

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 PART
03
NOISE POLLUTION
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 NOISE POLLUTION

1. Noise is unwanted sound.

2. Generally defined as regular exposure to elevated
sound levels that may lead to adverse effects in
humans and other living organisms.
3. Urban pollution.
4. Loudness of noise is measured on a logarithmic scale
called as decibel.

 Sudden or Intermittent noise is more harmful than the continues noise.

 According to national physical laboratory the level of noise pollution in India is increasing
at the rate of 1dB\year.

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 DECIBLE
• The decile is a logarithmic unit used to measure the sound level.
• It is calculated as 1 Db = 20 log 10 (P\Pref)
where, P  measured sound pressure in dyne\cm
Pref  reference sound pressure which is equal to barely
audible sound taken as 0.002dyne\cm
45 dB Safe noise
65 db Tolerable
80 dB Cause noise pollution
100 dB (above) Uncomfortable
120 db (above) Painful

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• Maximum allowable duration (hr\day) for the decibel of noise by
occupational safety and health administration (OSHA) is given as
follows:

Noise level (decibel) Maximum allowable duration (hr\day)

90 8
92 6
95 4
97 3
100 2

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 CAUSES OF NOISE POLLUTION:

THERE ARE MANY CONSTRUCTION SITES

SOURCES OF NOISE Building and acr pak construction and road
POLLUTION: and pavement resurfacing works are very
noisy.

TRAFFIC NOISE CATTERING AND NIGHT PARTY

Traffic noise accounts the most KEYS Bars, restaurants and terraces that spill
polluting noise in cities. outside when the weather is good can
produce more than 100db.

AIR TRAFFIC NOISE BY ANIMALS

There are fewer aircraft flying over cities than Noise made by animals can go unnoticed,
there are cars on the roads, but the impact is but a howling or barking dog. And can
greater. produce around 60-80dB.

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CAUSES OF NOISE POLLUTION:

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ADVERSE EFFECTS OF NOISE POLLUTION:

 Auditory Effects: Temporary hearing loss, rupturing eardrum, permeant hear loss, gradual detioration of internal
ears.
 Physiological Effects: Reduced hearing and Productivity, Anxiety, Shock, Nervousness.
 Behaviourical Effects: Causes announces in humans, Sleep interference, Difficult to rest.
 Physiological Effects: Vasoconstriction reflex, Dilation of pupils, Skin paling, Increased Hypertension, Heat
Disease, Reduction in Gastric Secretion, tension in Voluntary and Involuntary Muscles and Peptic ulcers.
 Other Casuses: Sudden noise of thunderstorm, supersonic blooms are also causes of noise pollution, factories,
industries.

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ADVERSE EFFECTS OF NOISE POLLUTION:

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ADVERSE EFFECTS OF NOISE POLLUTION:

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CONTROL MEASURES OF NOISE POLLUTION:

 No separate law for noise pollution in India.

 Playing lound music after 11pm. And before 7am. Is considered illegal.
 Cultivation of thick vegetation along roadside, railway tracks and industrial establishments may considerably
reduce noise pollution.

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CONTROL MEASURES OF NOISE POLLUTION:

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 PART
04
THERMAL POLLUTION
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THERMAL POLLUTION

Thermal pollution is the rise or fall in the

temperature of a natural aquatic environment caused
by human influence.

 It is common to both nuclear and conventional sources of energy production.

 Waste heat not only causes widespread climatological changes also it causes damage to aquatic and
terrestrial life.

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Causes of Thermal Pollutants :

Major causes of thermal pollution are discharge of

heated or hot waste material into water bodies form.

 Nuclear Power Point

 Industrial Effluents
 Domestic Sewage
 Hydro- Electric Power
 Coal Fired Powder
 Thermal Shock

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ADVERSE EFFECTS OF THERMAL POLLUTION:

 Decreases the solublity of oxygen.

 Decrease in water productivity and quality.
 Loss of biodiversity.
 It also effects the reproductive cycle, digestion rates
and respiratory rates.
 Endanger and extinction of spicies.

 This waste heat is usually unfavorable to bacteria and pathogens.

 Rapid temperature changes produces thermal shocks and results in immediate death of fishes.
 It effects the reproduction cycle, digestion rates, respiratory rates, etc.
 Due to increase in temperature of water, the vapor pressure increases and this can effect the aquatic
life.

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 PART
05
CONTROL OF ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
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CONTROL OF ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION

Environmental pollution often controls often includes

the management of land development and the design
of transportation systems so as to reduce pollution.

 It is one of the major problems that we have facing globally.

 Reliable monitoring data are necessary to know pollution problems.
 Environment is deteriorating day by day due to industrial pollution, toxic chemicals substance emission and
natural resource development.

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Some effective control measure for environmental pollution are given:

Combustible solid wastes Excessive and undesirable

should be burnt in the burning of vegetation should
incinerators. be stopped.

Should be disposed Control Sponges and towel

of f by land field should be used in
methods.
Measures place of toilet paper.

Automobile must be either Washing soda and

made to eliminate use of scouring pads should be
gasoline or diesel oil. used instead of detergents.

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 SUMMARY

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 PART
06
ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGMENT
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ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT:

Environmental Management can be defined as “the

management of the interaction and impact of human
activities on the natural environment.”

 Environmental management tries of identify the factors that have a stake in the conflicts that many rise
between meeting the needs but protecting the environment.

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Action committee of 68th Session of Indian Science Congress held at Varanasi
recommended the following points on Environmental Management:

 Immediate implementation of act against air, water and noise pollution.

 There should be specific standards for the use of agricultural chemicals.
 Action is necessary for food adulteration, drug control and against factories producing effulents.
 Department of environment should be empowered for initiation legislative measures by parliament.
 Environmental protection should be included in the concurrent list of constitution.
 Government and voluntary agencies should be provided special incentives for successful anti pollution
researches.
 Department of Environment should carry out publications of health safety and set directive criteria for
different pollutants.
 Environmental education should be made compulsory in the curricula of schools, colleges and universities.
 Mass communication media should be adopted for information related to environmental problem.
 Plantation of trees suited to different climates should be adopted
 Wildlife Board and Environment cell should be created in each state.

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Action committee of 68th Session of Indian Science Congress held at Varanasi
recommended the following points on Environmental Managment:

 Recycling plants for municipal wastes and sewage should be established.

 Anti-pollution tax should be be imposed on industries for discharging the effluents.
 Reclamation of land to its original state should be the responsibility of the users.
 Encouragements and incentives should be given to voluntary movements as “Chipko Movement”.
 In agriculture, biological control of pest should be applied to replce wide use of insecticides, pesticides and
fungicides.
 Several Biosphere Reserves containing endangered or rare or commercially important species should be
established as early as possible.
 Gene Pool Reaerve and Gene Sanctuaries should be demarcated and protected in their natural environment to
preserve wild germplasm from extinction and conservation.
 for conservation of flora and fauna the list of endangered species should be continuously renewed.
 Aero-biological centers should be established.
 Brick field should be prohibited by law near agricultural or polluted areas.

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Action committee of 68th Session of Indian Science Congress held at Varanasi
recommended the following points on Environmental Managment:

 Cleaning of chocked lakes and rivers should be done regularly.

 Social forestry should be encouraged.
 Different aspects of energy resources should be created as biomass, energy plantation, fuel energy etc.
 A suitable agency should be established for conservation and monitoring of marine resources and providing
protection against pollution hazards.
 Satellites and space technology may be adopted for weather forecasting, agriculture resource and inventories
and monitoring of air borne particles.
 Airport areas should be separated to minimize pollution from noise.
 Genetic counseling units should be established at different regions of India to monitor genetic disorders.
 Scientific, administrative and social measures must be adopted to check pollution.
 At different levels of planning, the involvement of ecologists is essential.
All the programmes for development should be undertaken without or with the least disturbances of the natural
ecosystem.

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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION ACTS IN INDIA:

In the Constitution of India it is clearly ststed that

it is the duty of stste to “ protect and improve the
environment and to safe guard the life and forest
and wildlife of the country.”

 The Department of Environment was established in India in 1980 to ensure a healthy environment for the
country.
 This later became the ministry of Environment and Forest in 1985.
 The constitutional provisions are backed by a number of laws – acts, rules and notifications
 The Environmental Protection Act of 1986 (EPA) came into force soon after the Bhopal Gas Tragedy.
 Thereafter a large number of laws came into existence as the problem began rising.
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GENERAL PROTECTION ACTS IN INDIA:

1. 1986 : THE ENVIRONMENT (PROTECTION) ACT

2. 1986 : THE ENVIRONMENT (PROTECTION) RULES
3. 1989 : HAZARDOUS WASTE (MANAGEMENT AND HANDLING) RULES
4. 1989 : THE MANUFACTURE, STORAGE AND IMPORT OF HARDOUS CHEMICAL RULES
5. 1989 : THE MANUFACTURE, USE, IMPORT, EXPORT AND STORGE OF HAZARDOUS MICRO-
ORGANISMS/ GENETICALLY ENGINEERED ORGANISMS or CELLS RULES.
6. 1991 : THE PUBLIC LIABILITY INSURANCE ACT AND RULES AND AMENDMENT, 1992
7. 1995 : NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL TRIBUNAL ACT
8. 1997 : THE NATIONAL ENVIROMNETAL APPELLATE AUTHORITY ACT
9. 1998 : BIOMEDICAL WASTE (MANAGEMENT AND HANDLING) RULE

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FOREST AND WILDLIFE PROTECTION:

1. 1927 : INDIAN FOREST ACT AND AMENDMENT 1984

2. 1972 : WILDLIFE PROTECTION ACT, RULES 1973 AND AMENDMENT 1991

3. 1980 : THE FOREST (CONSERVATION) ACT AND RULES 1981

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WATER PROTECTION ACTS IN INDIA:

1. 1882 : THE EASEMENT ACT

2. 1897 : INDIAN FISHERIES ACT
3. 1956 : THE RIVER BOARD ACT
4. 1970 : MERCHNAT SHIPPING ACT
5. 1974 : THE WATER (PREVENTIONAL AND CONTROL OF POLLUTION) ACT
6. 1977 : THE WATER (PREVENTIONAL AND CONTROL OF POLLUTION) CESS ACT
7. 1978 : COSTAL REGULATION ZONE NOTIFICATION

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AIR PROTECTION ACTS IN INDIA:

1. 1948 : FACTORIES AVT AND AMENDMENT IN 1987

2. 1981 : AIR PREVENTION AND CONTROL POLLUTION ACT
3. 1982 : AIR PREVENTION AND CONTROL POLLUTION RULES
4. 1982 : ATOMIC ENERGY ACT
5. 1987 : AIR PREVENTION AND CONTROL POLLUTION AMENDMENT
6. 1988 : MOTOR VEHICLES ACT

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OZONE DEPLETING SUBSTANCES:

MoEF vide its notification dt. 17th July, 2000 under

the section of 6, 8 and 25 of the environment Act,
1986 has notified rules for regulation/ control of
Ozone Depletion Substances (ODS) under Montreal
Protocol.

 As per the notification certain control and regulation has been imposed on manufacturing, import, export, and
use of these compounds.
 Organizations as per provisions of notification shall is phase out all equipment, which uses these substances,
and is aiming at CFC free organization in near future.

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THE BILOGICAL DIVERSITY ACT, 2002:

The ministry of environment and forests has entacted

the Biological Diversity Act, 2002 under the United
Nations Convention of Biological Diversity signed at
Rio de Janeiro on 5th June, 1992 of which India is
also a party.

 This Act is to “provide the conservation of Biological diversity, sustainable use of this components, and fair
and equitable sharing of the benefits arising out of the seed of biological resources, knowledge and for matters
connected therewith or incidental thereto.”
 As per the provision of Act certain areas, which are rich in biodiversity and encompasses unique and
representative ecosystem are identified and designated as biosphere reserve to facilitate its conservation.
 All restrictions are applicable to protected areas like Natural Parks and Sanctuaries.
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NATURAL RESOURCES

WATER RESOURCES
TYPES OF RESOURCES Water conservation simply refers to
1. RENEWABLE RESOURCES reducing the usage of water and
2. NON-RENEWANLE RESOURCES recycling waste water for different
purposes.

FACTORS FOR DEPLETION SUMMARY

1. Rapid Population Increase
2. Pollution
3. High Consumption of Resources
4. Deterioration of Land

CONSERVATION OF FOREST
The practice of planting and
maintaining forested areas for
the benefits and sustainability
of future generations.

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 PART
07
TYPES OF NATURAL RESOURCES
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TYPES OF NATURAL RESOURCES

Natural resources can be defined as the

resources that exist (on plantet) independent of
human actions.

 These are the resources that are found in the environment and are developed without the intervention of
humans. Common examples of natural resources include air, sunlight, water, soil, stone, plants, animals and
fossil fuels.
 Natural resources are naturally occurring materials that are useful to man or could be useful under conceivable
technological, economic or social circumstances or supplies drawn from the earth, supplies such as food,
building and clothing materials, fertilizers, metals, water and geothermal power.
 For a long time, natural resources were the domain of the natural sciences.
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POLLUTION
RENEWABLE RESOURCES

1.

Renewable resources includes biomass

energy, hydropower, geothermal power,
2.
wind energy ands solar energy.
A renewable resources is one that can
be used repeatedly and does not run
out because it is naturally replaced.

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RENEWABLE RESOURCES

FOOD SOLAR ENERGY RENEWAVLE RESOURECES

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 NON-RENEWABLE
RESOURCES

1.

A non-renewable resources is a natural

resource that cannot be readily
2.
replaced by natural means at a pace
Non-renewable resources comes from
quick enough to keep up with
sources that will run out or will not
consumption.
be replenished for thousands or even
millions of years.

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 NON-RENEWABLE
RESOURCES

COAL NATURAL GAS OIL

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 PART
08
DEPLETION OF NATURAL RESOURCES
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DEPLETION OF RESOURCES

Resources depletion is the consumption of a

resources faster than it can be replenished. Depletion
of finite resources is likely to impact on the GDP
of the world well before the worst impact of the
global warming.

 The basic need which induced the human to spoil the natural resources for their welfare have finally led to a
situation which threatens to the disastrous.
 Over population and the atmospheric pollution has been a vital concern.
 Majority of these problem are due to mismanagement of natural resources and their impact are not localized
but are universal in nature.
 Such a rapid depletion will leads to a very measurable life in future.
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FACTORS OF DEPLETITION

High Consumption of Resources

The rapid consumption of the
natural resources has disturbed
our ecosystem adversely.
Rapid Population Increase
Increase in population is
directly proportional to rise
in demand of natural
resources. ADD TITLE
Deterioration of Land
Due to excessive consumption
of minerals of the soil by
cropping or soil erosion the
Pollution fertility of the soil is lost.
Increase in pollution leads to
adverse effect on health of the
society.

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1. RAPID POPULATION INCREASE

An increase in population will increase the demand

of natural resources and environment which in turn
decreases al types of natural resources and results in
environment pollution.

 There will be short supply as well as deterioration in quality of natural resources.

 The per capita use of energy and mineral resources shows difference between the developing and
developed countries of the world.
 The developed countries consume less but their resources are enough.
 The population and per capita consumption have a considerable impact on the environment.

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2. POLLUTION

Our environment is deteriorating due to increase

in population. The number of toxic material are
being released in our surroundings. The
uncontrolled and indiscriminate use of pesticides
has

 It has been estimated that average individuals has about 7 parts per million (ppm) DDT in his body which
affects in long term.
 Recent researchers have revealed that this proportion of DDT in our body has sexier effects on heart and liver
and higher concentration may cause several other diseases including cancer.
 Carbon monoxides, Sulphur dioxide, carbon dioxide and nitrous oxide are known to cause respiratory troubles.
 The uncontrolled and unplanned industrial growth may adversely affect or destroy the health of the society.
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3. HIGH CONSUMPTION OF RESOURCES

Due to tremendous increase of population most of

the natural resources are being rapidly consumped.
This high rate of consumption has disturbed our
ecosystem.

 But, on the other hand, many of the natural resources are essential basic human needs.
 Many industries need raw materials which are essential basic human needs.
 However rapid consumption will affect adversely the quality of our environment either by unwise use of
natural resources or by increasing pollution.

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4. DETERIORATION OF LAND

Due to excessive consumption of minerals of the

soil erosion or other natural events, fertility of the
soil is lost and the land detiorates gradually.

 Sometimes draught also results in deterioration of land and many nutrients of the top soil are destroyed and
soil fertility is lost and soil fertility is lost.
 As a result of cropping, the cycling of soil mineral nutrients is greatly reduced.
 Erosion has also depleted soil fertility because most of the minerals remain in the upper part of the soil and
they are easily removed by wind or wasted away by water.

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 PART
09
CONSERVATION OF FOREST
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FOREST RESOURCES

The word forest is derived from a Latin word

“Foris” means outside. A forest is natural, self-
sustaining community characterized by presence of
plants, animals and micro-organisms.

 It is highly complex, changing environment made up of a living and non-living things.

The functions of forest resources may broadly classified into following categories:
1. Protective Function
2. Productive Function
3. Regulatory Function
4. Accessory Function
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FOREST CONSERVATION:

Forest conservation is the practice of planting and

maintaining forested areas for the benefits and
sustainability of future generations.

The need for Forest Conservation:

1. To conserve and preserve the ecological diversity.
2. It preserve genetic diversity.
3. To prevent soil erosion and to maintain soil fertility.
4. To maintain equilibrium in Eco-system.
5. To control flood and drought condition
6. They regulate climatic condition of a particular area.
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FOREST CONSERVATION:

The need for Forest Conservation:

1. To conserve and preserve the ecological diversity.
2. It preserve genetic diversity.
3. To prevent soil erosion and to maintain soil
fertility.
4. To maintain equilibrium in Eco-system.
5. To control flood and drought condition
6. They regulate climatic condition of a particular
area.

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METHODS OF FOREST CONSERVATIONS:

 Afforestation: Planting trees.

 Planting trees along the roads, railway line, river
and canal banks.
 People should encourage to participate inn “Van
Mohotsava”
 Using alternative source of energy.

Steps taken for forest conservation includes:

 Indian Wildlife Protection Act (1972) in which an all India list of protected species was published.
 Establishment of National Parks and Wildlife Sanctuaries.
 Projects to protect specific animals, such as tiger, one horned Rhinoceros etc.
 Projects  Bio-diversity  Insects  Notification of wildlife Act of 1980 and 1986.
 In 1991 six plants species were also added to protected list.
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SOCIAL FOREST:

Social forestry is the management and protection of

forest and affirmation on barren lands with the
purpose of helping in the environmental, social and
rural development.

Objectives of social forestry:

1. Providing fuel, wood, fodder for cattle, timber and forest products to rural people
2. Providing efficient conservation of water and soil.
3. Providing employment opportunity to rural people.
4. Developing local cottage industry by providing raw material.

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 PART
10
CONSERVATION WATER RESOURCES
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WATER RESOURCES

Water resources are natural resources of water that

are potentially useful as source of water supply.

 Natural sources of fresh water includes surface water, under river flow, groundwater and frozen water; while
artificial waster water includes treated waste water and desalinated seawater.
The functions of water resources may broadly classified into following categories
1. Regulation Function
2. Carrier Function
3. Production Function
4. Information Function
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WATER CONSERVATION:

Water conservation simply refers to reducing the

usage of water and recycling waste water for
different purposes, such as cleaning, manufacturing
and aagricultural irrigation. This metod definetly
accounts as the most effective way to control the
use of water.

The need for Forest Conservation:

Water is one of the essential natural resources on the earth. All life forms, be it humans, animals, plants or
aquatic, need water to survive. If there was no water, there would be no life on the planet.

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METHODS OF WATER
CONSERVATIONS:

 Incorporate Water Conservation into your

Landscaping.
 Only run Water-Using Appliances when they are
full.
 Fix drips by replacing Worn Tap Washers.

 Reduce the amount of water used in washrooms.

 Consider a water sense labeled shower heads.
 Install a Rain Barrel.
 Compost Food Waste Instead of using your Garbage Disposal.

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INTERNATIONAL UNION FOR CONSERVATION OF NATURE AND NATURAL
RESOURCES (IUCN):

Government and civil society organization field of

natural conservation and sustainable use of natural
resources. Best known for coupling and publishing
red list accesses the conservation status of species
worldwide.

Objectives of social forestry:

1. Influence
2. Encourage
3. Assist societies throughout the world to conserve nature and to ensure the use of natural resources is
equitable and ecologically sustainable way.

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 SUMMARY

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ANY QUESTIONS

POLLUTION SOURCES

ENERGY

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 Y E S S
THANK YOU
Hers our Presentation Ends

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OUR TEAM

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