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    Forgetting Final Ppyt

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    Swapnil Sharan
    Forgetting is the apparent loss of information that was previously encoded in long-term memory. It is a natural part of the learning process that helps filter out unnecessary information to make room for new learning. However, forgetting can also be problematic when it causes the inability to recall important information. There are several theories that attempt to explain forgetting, including retrieval failure theory, interference theory, and decay theory. Forgetting occurs due to faulty memory processes, lack of interest, interference, retrieval problems, lack of motivation, physical damage, and genetic factors. Techniques like overlearning, spaced practice, repeated recitation, selection, mnemonics, and organization can help with effective memorization and reduce forgetting.

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    Forgetting Final Ppyt

    Uploaded by

    Swapnil Sharan
    43 views19 pages
    Forgetting is the apparent loss of information that was previously encoded in long-term memory. It is a natural part of the learning process that helps filter out unnecessary information to make room for new learning. However, forgetting can also be problematic when it causes the inability to recall important information. There are several theories that attempt to explain forgetting, including retrieval failure theory, interference theory, and decay theory. Forgetting occurs due to faulty memory processes, lack of interest, interference, retrieval problems, lack of motivation, physical damage, and genetic factors. Techniques like overlearning, spaced practice, repeated recitation, selection, mnemonics, and organization can help with effective memorization and reduce forgetting.

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    Forgetting is the apparent loss of information that was previously encoded in long-term memory. It is a natural part of the learning process that helps filter out unnecessary information to make room for new learning. However, forgetting can also be problematic when it causes the inability to recall important information. There are several theories that attempt to explain forgetting, including retrieval failure theory, interference theory, and decay theory. Forgetting occurs due to faulty memory processes, lack of interest, interference, retrieval problems, lack of motivation, physical damage, and genetic factors. Techniques like overlearning, spaced practice, repeated recitation, selection, mnemonics, and organization can help with effective memorization and reduce forgetting.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    43 views19 pages

    Forgetting Final Ppyt

    Uploaded by

    Swapnil Sharan
    Forgetting is the apparent loss of information that was previously encoded in long-term memory. It is a natural part of the learning process that helps filter out unnecessary information to make room for new learning. However, forgetting can also be problematic when it causes the inability to recall important information. There are several theories that attempt to explain forgetting, including retrieval failure theory, interference theory, and decay theory. Forgetting occurs due to faulty memory processes, lack of interest, interference, retrieval problems, lack of motivation, physical damage, and genetic factors. Techniques like overlearning, spaced practice, repeated recitation, selection, mnemonics, and organization can help with effective memorization and reduce forgetting.

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    Forgetting

    What is forgetting ?
    Forgetting is apparent loss or modification of
    information already encoded and stored in an
    individual’s long term memory.

    Itis inability to encode,to store and retrieve the


    previously learned information from long-term
    memory over varying periods of time.
    Itis a natural and essential part of the
    learning and memory process,as it helps
    us to filter out unnecessary information
    and make room for new learning.

    However ,forgetting can also be


    problematic , as it can led to difficulties
    in remembering important information
    or events.
    Cause behind Forgetting

    Faulty
     memory process
    Loss of interest

    Interference

    Retrieval Problem

    Lack of motivation

    Physical damages

    Genetic factors

    Theories of forgetting
    • Retrieval Failure Theory: Suggest that
    many memories are inaccessible because
    memory cues that are present when the
    memory was formed are missing when the
    time comes to retrieve it.

    • Tip-of-the-tongue(TOT) phenomena:
    Having the answer on the tip of your
    tongue, you know the answer is there but
    it is just out of reach
    Interference Theory
    The tendency for new memories to
    impair the retrieval of older memories
    and vice versa.
    Proposes that forgetting in long term
    memory result from other memories
    interfering with the retrieval of
    information targeted for recall,
    especially when the memories are
    similar.
    Types of interference
    Retroactive Interference: Refers to
    the tendency for new information to
    interference with retrieval of previous
    learned information.
    Proactive Interference : Refers to the
    tendency for previously learned
    information to interference with the
    retrieval of recently learned
    information.
    Motivated Forgetting
     Forgettingin long term memory occurs
    because of a conscious or unconsciously
    desired to block out painful or threatening
    memories.
     Repression: Occurs unconsciously or
    without your awareness
     Suppression : When you actively and
    consciously attempt to put something out
    of awareness-you could choose to
    remember it.
    Limitation to Motivated Forgetting

    Has not been extensively tested in


    laboratory.
    Other factors could account for
    memory loss such as a blow to the
    head or lack of consolidation
    Decay Theory

     Assumes that when learning takes place a


    change occurs in the brain-a memory trace
    is formed (physical/chemical trace of the
    event)
     Decay theory suggest that these traces
    disintegrate over time if they are not
    reactive for use.
    Limitation of Decay Theory

     Failsto explain why some memories fade


    and other are maintained for life.
     Doesn’texplain our ability to recover
    seemingly forgotten memories – this can
    happen through re-learning or a retrieval
    cue.
    The forgetting curve

     There is a normal curve for forgetting new information.


     Hermann Ebbinghaus did experiment on himself using
    nonsense syllabus
    - After 20 minutes he remembered 70%
    - After 1 hour he remembered 54%
    - After 1 day he remembered 38%
    - After 2 day he remembered 28%
    - After a month remembered 21
    Forgetting curve
    Rate and amount of forgetting

     Curveis generally the same for a variety of


    material but can vary.
     Semantic memories tend to be lasting
     Moremeaningful information is also
    forgotten less easily
     How well information is encoded influence
    rate and amount of forgetting – not
    affected by difficulty of information
    Organic Cause of forgetting
    When damage to the brain cause
    abnormal functioning it is said to be
    organic eg:blow to head, head stroke,
    tumour-these can lead to aminesia, a
    common form of memory loss
    Amnesia: temporary or permanent,
    partial or complete loss of memory
    - Organic = caused by damage to brain
    - Dissociative = psychological trauma
    Techniques For Effective
    Memorization
     Overlearning : It means that if you wish
    not to forget what you have already
    learned , continue to reviewing it now and
    then.
     Spaced Practice : This is a strategy of
    studying in which a relaxation or rest
    period is allotted in between a schedule of
    studying
     Repeated Recitation : Recite what you have
    learned to yourself . Silent recitation will
    make you remember past lessons.
     Selection:It is difficult to remember all the
    notes written in your notebook or textbook
    which you can use to summarize your ideas.
     UsingMnemonics: Mnemonic system are
    techniques or strategies consciously used to
    improve memory . They help use information
    already stored in long- term memory to
    make memorization an easier task.
     Organization:This strategy can be done by
    organizing your notes or making an outline
    so that when your ideas are already
    organized, learning become easier, and
    faster.
    THANK YOU
    I WISH THAT YOU WILL NOT FORGET THIS PRESENTATION

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