Types and Components of a computer system

Components of a computer system

•Hardware
•Software
Hardware
External Internal
• Physical components
Keyboard Motherboard
that make up a Mouse RAM
computer Monitor ROM
• There are two Speakers Video cards
Printers Sound Cards
different kinds of
Plotters Hard Disk Drive
hardware: Internal and Joystick Solid State Drive
External
Software
•Programs that control the computer system
•Non-tangible parts of a computer system
•Software is often divided into
⮚ Application software (programs that do work users are directly
interested in)
⮚ System software (which includes operating systems and any
program that supports application software).
Main components of a computer system

• Input devices
• Output devices
• Secondary storage
devices
• Central processing
unit
Internal Hardware Devices
◻Central Processing Unit
◻Internal Hard Disk Drive
◻Random Access Memory
◻Read-Only Memory
Operating System
◻Controls input, output and storage operations.
◻Supervises loading, running and storage of
application programs.
◻Deals with errors.
◻Maintains security.
◻Maintains a computer log.
◻Acts as a user interface
User Interfaces
◻Command line CLI
Interface (CLI)
◻Graphical user
Interface (GUI)
GUI
Types Of Computer
◻ PC/desktop computers
◻ Laptop computers
◻ Tablets
◻ Smart phones
◻ Smart watches
◻ Mainframe computers
PC/desktop computers
◻ Advantages: ◻ Disadvantages:
🞑 Lower costs 🞑 Not portable
🞑 Better specifications 🞑 Since not portable, file
🞑 No problem of heat copying is necessary
dissipation 🞑 Complicated since all
🞑 Less likelihood of components need to be
being damaged carried around.
🞑 Internet access is more
stable
Laptop computers
◻ Advantages: ◻ Disadvantages:
🞑 Portable 🞑 Easier to steal
🞑 No trailing wires 🞑 Limited battery life
🞑 Can take full 🞑 Keyboard and pointing
advantage of Wi-Fi device may be
🞑 Can link to any awkward to use
multimedia system
Tablets
◻ Advantages: ◻ Disadvantages:
🞑 Fast 🞑 Limited storage
🞑 Portable 🞑 Expensive to run
🞑 Simple to use 🞑 Typing can be slow
🞑 Can use several Apps 🞑 File transfer can be
as standard problematic
🞑 No problem of heat 🞑 Support limited types
dissipation of files
🞑 Long battery life
🞑 Standby mode
Smartphones
◻ Advantages: ◻ Disadvantages:
🞑 Lightweight 🞑 Small screen
🞑 Can connect to 🞑 Web browsing can
internet drain the battery
🞑 Can be used anywhere 🞑 Limited memory
🞑 Apps 🞑 Not compatible with
🞑 Reasonable battery life all websites
🞑 Easier to loose
🞑 Slower data transfer
rate
Smartwatches
◻ Advantages: ◻ Disadvantages:
🞑 Convenient 🞑 Uncomfortable to
🞑 Easy for monitoring wear
health issues 🞑 Unattractive in design
Mainframe computers
◻ Main features:
🞑 Can have several CPUs
🞑 Fast processor speed
🞑 Supports multiple OS
🞑 Huge storage capacity
🞑 Huge internal memory
🞑 Use time sharing and
batch processing
Impact of emerging technologies
◻ Artificial intelligence biometrics
◻ Vision enhancement
◻ Robotics
◻ Quantum cryptography
◻ Computer assisted translation
◻ 3-D and holographic imaging
◻ Virtual reality
Artificial intelligence biometrics
◻ Biometric technology uses
computerized methods to
identify a person by their
unique physical or
behavioral characteristics.
◻ AI biometrics overcomes
the problem of
computerized biometrics
by dynamic profiling.
◻ AI is not confused by soft
biometric changes
Vision Enhancement
◻ LVES use video technology
through a headset
connected to a computer.
◻ Images are projected inside
the headset in front of the
eyes.
◻ Night VE amplifies
infrared light and visible
light so that an image can
be seen in apparent
darkness.
Robotics
◻ Robotics is the branch of mechanical
engineering, electrical engineering
and computer science that deals with
the design, construction, operation,
and application of robots, as well as
computer systems for their control,
sensory feedback, and information
processing.
◻ No human intervention required.
◻ Applications include:
🞑 Drones
🞑 Surgical procedures

🞑 Manufacturing industries
 Quantum Cryptography
◻ Referred as encryption.
◻ Is based on the use of
photons and their
quantum properties.
◻ Produces a virtually
unbreakable
cryptography system.
 Computer-assisted translation
◻ Computer-assisted
translation is a form of
language translation in
which a human translator
uses computer software to
support and facilitate
the translation process.
◻ CAT uses two tools:
🞑 Terminology database
🞑 Translation memories
 3-D and holographic imaging
◻ Holography is a
technology that
produces 3-D images.
◻ The technology uses:
🞑 Source of laser light
🞑 Interference of light
🞑 Light diffraction
🞑 Light intensity recording
Virtual Reality
◻ Is an artificial environment created by
software.
◻ User make use of data goggles,
sensor suits, data gloves or helmets.
◻ Application areas are:
🞑 Military applications
🞑 Education

🞑 Healthcare

🞑 Entertainment

🞑 Fashion

🞑 Heritage

🞑 Business

🞑 Real estate

🞑 Engineering

🞑 Sport

🞑 Media

🞑 Scientific visualizations