JAY MAHARAJ SALES

GST NO: 24AFJPJ8963R1ZI CORPORATION

Our firm is registration under various department MSME ,GPCB , FIFO, IEC, INDIAMART, PESO, & and also
social media accounts

Our main products ;

MTO, FUEL OIL, MINERAL OIL,MHO ,WHITE OIL , LLP, BASE OIL (N70, N150, ETC)C9. (Water White &Yellow )
Furnace oil ,Ldo and toluene.

We serve industries like automotive, construction mining, food, pharmacy, personal care, power sector
heat treaters .
We are providing our own Transportation facility with GPS tracking System to our valuable customers. We
are focused on quality, control, customer satisfaction, feedback safety ,permit license. we take order as
per customer requirement & give the best offer based on there specific needed

Kindly contact for more details

Sanketjain73333@gmail.com
+91 7600723162 SANKET JAIN.
+91 9327336272 SUNIL JAIN
www.jmsc.store
We look forward to a successful working relationship in the future.
Thank you for your valuable time.
 REACHED POTENIAL CUSTOMER
1. Networking: Attend trade shows, conferences, and events related to the petroleum
industry in India to meet potential customers and make connections.

2. Online research: Use online platforms such as LinkedIn, Google and industry-specific
websites to research and identify potential customers in the Indian market.
3. Direct Marketing: Reach out to potential customers through direct mail, email or
phone campaigns.

4. Partnering with a distributor: Partner with a distributor in India who has existing
relationships with potential customers and can introduce your products to them.

5. Government tenders: Keep an eye on government tenders for the supply of

petroleum products, and participate in the bidding process.

6. Consult with an export specialist or a Chamber of Commerce to get a better

understanding of the Indian market and to get access to a list of potential customers.
7. Surveys and interviews
8. Means and analysis
9. Feedback
10. Social listening
1. There are several ways to learn about marketing in the petroleum industry:

2. Take classes or earn a degree in marketing, business, or a related field with a

focus on the petroleum industry.

3. Read industry-specific publications and stay up to date on the latest trends and
developments in the petroleum marketing world.

4. Network with professionals in the industry and gain insight into the day-to-day
workings of petroleum marketing.

5. Get hands-on experience through internships or entry-level positions in the

industry.
6. Attend workshops, conferences or webinars that specifically focus on Petroleum
Industry Marketing.

7. Online courses or certification programs in Petroleum Industry marketing.

1. Building relationships: Building strong relationships with customers is key to selling petroleum
products. This can be done by understanding their needs and providing solutions that meet those
needs.

2. Marketing: Developing a comprehensive marketing strategy that targets the right audience is
essential for success. This can include advertising, public relations, and events.
3. Networking: Networking with other industry professionals is a great way to identify new business
opportunities and learn about the latest trends and developments in the industry.
4. Product knowledge: Having a thorough understanding of the products you are selling is crucial.
This includes knowledge of the products' specifications and how they compare to other products in
the market.

5. Pricing: Pricing is one of the most important factors in selling petroleum products. Be competitive
in the market and understand the cost structure of the products.
6. Quality and safety: Maintaining high standards of quality and safety is essential to building trust
and credibility with customers.

7. Customer service: Providing excellent customer service is critical to building long-term

relationships with customers. This includes being responsive to customer needs and addressing
any issues that may arise.

8. Diversify your product portfolio: Diversifying your product portfolio allows you to cater to different
customers' needs and reduces the risk of being dependent on a single product.
#oilandgas #energyindustry
#energy #renewableenergy
#petroleum #sustainability #refined
#oilindustry #energyefficiency #transportation
#naturalgas #dieselpower
#oilexploration #petroleum #asphalt
#petrotech #boiler #energy
#fracking #intags #crudeoil
#upstream #lubricantes #baseoil
#downstream #oilandgasindustry #fueloil #mho
#fuel #downstream
#industry
#heating #sell
#infrastructure
#construction #namkeen
#sales #product
#automobile
#marketing
#namkeen
#distilledspirits
1. Obtain a license: Importers of petroleum products in India must obtain a license from the
Directorate General of Foreign Trade (DGFT) and the Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOCL).

2. Find a supplier: Identify a reputable supplier from the country you want to import from.
3. Obtain the necessary documents: Prepare and obtain the necessary documents such as the bill of
lading, commercial invoice, and packing list.

4. Register with Customs: Importers must register with the Customs department, and also file an
Import General Manifest (IGM) and Bill of Entry (BoE).
5. Obtain import clearance: Obtain import clearance from the Customs department and pay any
applicable taxes or duties.

6. Obtain Quality certification: Obtain quality certification from the Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS)
or other relevant authorities.

7. Arrange for logistics and transportation: Arrange for logistics and transportation for the products
from the supplier's location to your destination.

8. Store and distribute the products: Store the products in a safe and secure location and then
distribute them to the customers.
 STRATEGY
India's petroleum products strategy focuses on increasing domestic production, reducing
dependence on imports, and promoting the use of cleaner fuels. The government has
implemented policies and initiatives to encourage exploration and production of oil and gas, as
well as the development of biofuels and natural gas infrastructure. Additionally, the government
has implemented fuel pricing reforms and subsidies to make cleaner fuels more affordable for
consumers. The goal of the strategy is to ensure energy security and reduce the negative impact
of fossil fuels on the environment.
 Technology
1. Enhanced oil recovery (EOR) techniques: These techniques are used to extract more oil from
reservoirs that have been depleted by traditional methods. Examples include injection of chemicals,
gases or steam to mobilize the oil and make it flow more easily to the well.
2. Digitalization and automation: Companies are investing in digital technologies such as automation,
artificial intelligence, and data analytics to improve the efficiency and productivity of their operations,
as well as to enhance decision-making capabilities.
3. Drilling technologies: Advancements in drilling technologies such as horizontal drilling and hydraulic
fracturing have made it possible to extract oil and gas from previously unproductive rock formations.
4. Refining technologies: Companies are also investing in technology to upgrade their refining
capabilities to produce cleaner and higher-value products, such as low-sulfur diesel and jet fuel.
5. Carbon capture and storage (CCS) technology: This technology captures carbon dioxide emissions
from power plants and industrial facilities and stores them underground, thus reducing the carbon
footprint of the petroleum industry.
6. Overall these investments not only helps the industry to improve the efficiency and productivity but
also to reduce the impact of oil and gas production on the environment.
 PRICE
1. The petroleum industry in India is regulated and controlled by a number of government agencies
and departments. The main agency responsible for the regulation and control of the petroleum
industry is the Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas (MoPNG). This Ministry is responsible for the
formulation of policies and regulations related to exploration, production, refining, and distribution
of petroleum products.
2. The Oil and Natural Gas Corporation (ONGC) and Oil India Limited (OIL) are the two main state-
owned companies involved in the exploration and production of oil and gas in India. They are
responsible for the majority of India's oil and gas production.
3. The Indian Oil Corporation (IOC), Bharat Petroleum Corporation Limited (BPCL), and Hindustan
Petroleum Corporation Limited (HPCL) are the three main state-owned companies involved in
refining and marketing of petroleum products in India.
4. The Petroleum and Explosives Safety Organisation (PESO) is responsible for the safety and security
of the storage, handling, and transportation of petroleum products in India.
5. The pricing of petroleum products in India is determined by the government through a combination
of market-based mechanisms and subsidies. The government also regulates the retail prices of
petrol and diesel to control inflation and balance the fiscal deficit.
6. Overall, the government plays a significant role in the regulation and control of the petroleum
industry in India, with a focus on ensuring energy security and affordability for consumers, while
also promoting the use of cleaner fuels and reducing the environmental impact of the industry.
 USES
•Transportation: Petroleum products such as gasoline, diesel, and jet fuel are used to
power vehicles and aircraft.

•Electricity generation: Petroleum products are used as a feedstock for power

generation in thermal power plants.

•Industrial use: Petroleum products are used as raw materials in a variety of industrial
processes, such as the production of fertilizers, chemicals, and plastics.

•Domestic use: Petroleum products are used for heating and lighting homes and for
cooking.

•Agriculture: Petroleum products are used for irrigation pumps, tractors, and other farm
equipment

•Marine transport: Petroleum products are used as fuel for ships, cargo ships, and
fishing boats.
 LEADS
• Networking: Attending industry events, such as conferences and trade shows, can be an
effective way to connect with potential customers and generate leads.

• Online marketing: Utilizing digital marketing techniques such as search engine

optimization, content marketing, and social media marketing can help companies reach
a wider audience and generate leads.

• Direct mail: Sending direct mail campaigns to targeted lists of potential customers can
be an effective way to generate leads.

• Referral marketing: Encouraging current customers to refer their contacts, family and
friends to your company can also generate leads.

• Cold calling: Making phone calls to potential customers can be an effective way to
generate leads, but it requires a well-trained and experienced sales team.
• PR: Public relations and media coverage can also be an effective way to generate leads
by establishing your company's credibility and authority in the industry.
• Partnership: Developing strategic partnerships with other companies in the industry can
also generate leads by giving you access to their customer base.
• CRM: Using customer relationship management software to track and manage leads
can help companies stay organized and follow up with potential customers in a timely
manner.
Dear [Name of the recipient],
I hope this email finds you well. My name is [Your Name] and I am the [Your Title] of [Your
Company Name], a leading [Your Industry] company based in [Your Country]. We have been
following the developments in the Indian petroleum industry and are impressed by the
growth and potential in the market.

As a company, we specialize in [Your Company's specialties or services], and we believe that

our expertise aligns well with the opportunities in the Indian petroleum market. We are
interested in exploring potential trading partnerships with reputable companies operating in
this industry.

I would like to inquire about the possibility of working together in the near future. Would it
be possible to schedule a call or meeting to discuss further? I would also appreciate if you
could provide me with more information about your company's operations and areas of
focus within the petroleum industry.

Please let me know a convenient time and date for us to schedule a call, and I will make sure
to arrange the necessary details. I look forward to hearing from you soon.

Thank you for your time and consideration.

Best regards,
[Your Name] [Your Title] [Your Company Name] [Your Contact Information]
 Ethanol
Ethanol is a type of alcohol that is commonly used as a fuel and as a solvent in the laboratory.
It is a clear, colorless liquid with a characteristic smell. It is also used in the production of
alcoholic beverages, perfumes, and other consumer goods. Ethanol is typically produced from
crops such as corn, sugarcane, and wheat, through a process called fermentation. It can also be
produced through the process of chemical synthesis.
Milling: The raw material, such as corn, is ground into a fine powder to increase the surface area.

Cooking: The powder is mixed with water and heated to convert the starch into sugar

Fermentation: Yeast or bacteria is added to the sugary mixture, which consumes the sugar and produces
ethanol and carbon dioxide as by-products.

Distillation: Ethanol is separated from the water by distillation.

Dehydration: Ethanol is dehydrated to produce anhydrous ethanol which is 99.5% pure and suitable for use
as a fuel additive.

It's also possible to produce Ethanol through chemical synthesis which is the process of creating a chemical
compound through chemical reactions. This process typically involves the conversion of a source material,
such as natural gas or coal, into syngas, which is then converted into ethanol.
 Biodiesel
Biodiesel is a type of biofuel that can be produced from a variety of plant-based oils and animal
fats. In India, biodiesel is typically produced from non-edible oils such as Jatropha, Pongamia,
and Karanja.
The basic process of producing biodiesel in India involves the following steps:

Oil Extraction: The first step is to extract the oil from the plants or animals. This is typically done
using a press or an expeller.

Transesterification: The oil is then converted into biodiesel through a process called

transesterification. This process involves the reaction of the oil with an alcohol, such as
methanol or ethanol, in the presence of a catalyst, such as sodium hydroxide or potassium
hydroxide. The result is a mixture of biodiesel and glycerol.

Separation: The biodiesel and glycerol are then separated by centrifugation or washing.
Purification: The biodiesel is then purified through a series of distillations to remove any
remaining impurities.

Blending: The final step is to blend the biodiesel with regular diesel to reach the desired
percentage of blending.
 Base oil
1. Base oil is a refined mineral oil that is used as a lubricant in various industrial
and automotive applications. It is typically made by refining crude oil through a
process called fractional distillation.
2. The process of fractional distillation starts by heating crude oil to a high
temperature in a distillation column. The different components of the oil
vaporize at different temperatures and are collected as separate fractions. The
fractions that have a higher boiling point are separated in the lower part of the
column, while those with a lower boiling point are separated in the upper part.
3. The fractions that are used to make base oils are typically those that have a
higher molecular weight and lower volatility. These fractions are further refined
through a process called hydrofinishing to remove impurities, such as sulfur and
nitrogen compounds, and to improve the oil's properties.
4. The final product is a clear, colorless liquid that is used as a base oil in the
production of lubricants and other specialty products. It is classified as a Group
I, II, III or IV, depending on the level of refinement and the viscosity index.
 MTO
1. Mineral turpentine oil (MTO) is a hydrocarbon solvent that is made from the distillation of
crude or refined pine resin. It is a mixture of various terpenes, which are organic compounds
found in the resin of pine trees and other conifers.
2. The process of making MTO starts with the collection of resin from pine trees. The resin is
then transported to a distillation facility, where it is heated to release the terpenes. The
terpenes vaporize and are collected in a condenser, where they are cooled and condensed
back into a liquid form.
3. The liquid terpenes are then further distilled to separate them into different fractions based
on their boiling points. The fractions that are used to make MTO are typically those that have
a lower boiling point and are composed mainly of alpha-pinene and beta-pinene.
4. The MTO is then treated with a process called "Rectification" to increase its purity, which the
final product is a colorless liquid with a strong, pungent odor. It is used as a solvent in various
industrial applications such as paints, varnishes, and adhesives, and also as a thinner for oil-
based paints and as a cleaning agent.
 C9
1. C9 oil, also known as C9 aromatic hydrocarbon, is a refined petrochemical product that is
made from crude oil or natural gas liquids (NGLs). It is a fraction of the distillates
produced by the refining process, it is composed mainly of aromatic hydrocarbons,
which are hydrocarbons that contain one or more aromatic rings.

2. The process of making C9 oil starts with the distillation of crude oil or NGLs. The crude
oil or NGLs are heated in a distillation column, where the different components of the oil
vaporize at different temperatures. These components are then collected as separate
fractions.

3. The fractions that are used to make C9 oil are typically those that have a higher boiling
point and are composed mainly of aromatic hydrocarbons. These fractions are then sent
to a unit called an aromatics extraction unit, where they are further refined to remove
impurities, such as sulfur and nitrogen compounds, and to increase their aromatic
content.

4. The final product is a clear, colorless liquid that has a high aromatic content. It is mainly
used as a feedstock for the production of chemicals such as benzene, toluene, and
xylene, which are used in the production of various industrial products, including
plastics, synthetic rubber, and pesticides.
 PETROL
1. Distillation: The crude oil is heated in a distillation column, where the different
components of the oil vaporize at different temperatures. These components are
then collected as separate fractions.

2. Cracking: The fractions that are used to make petrol are typically those that have a
lower boiling point, such as naphtha. These fractions are sent to a cracking unit,
where they are broken down into smaller molecules through a process called
thermal cracking or catalytic cracking.

3. Refining: The cracked naphtha is then sent to a refining unit, where it is further
processed to remove impurities and to improve its octane rating. The refining
process includes hydrodesulfurization, catalytic reforming, and isomerization.

4. Blending: Finally, the refined petrol is blended with various other components, such
as ethanol and additives like anti-knock agents to improve octane rating, to produce
the final product.

5. After the refining process, the petrol is packaged and transported to distribution
terminals for distribution to customers. Indian oil refineries mostly use the crude oil
from the middle east as feedstock to produce petrol, also the crude oil is imported
from other countries in the world.
 DIESEL
Diesel fuel is made in India by refining crude oil at refineries. The process of refining crude oil into
diesel fuel involves several steps, including distillation, cracking, and refining.
1.Distillation: The crude oil is heated in a distillation column, where the different components of the
oil vaporize at different temperatures. These components are then collected as separate fractions.
2.Cracking: The fractions that are used to make diesel fuel are typically those that have a higher
boiling point, such as gas oil. These fractions are sent to a cracking unit, where they are broken down
into smaller molecules through a process called thermal cracking or catalytic cracking.
3.Refining: The cracked gas oil is then sent to a refining unit, where it is further processed to remove
impurities and to improve its cetane number. The refining process includes hydrodesulfurization and
catalytic dewaxing.
4.Blending: Finally, the refined diesel fuel is blended with various other components, such as
additives like antioxidants, detergents, and lubricity improvers to improve its properties.
After the refining process, the diesel fuel is packaged and transported to distribution terminals for
distribution to customers. Indian oil refineries mostly use the crude oil from the middle east as
feedstock to produce diesel fuel, also the crude oil is imported from other countries in the world.
 ENGINE OIL
1. Engine oil is made in India through a process called refining. This process involves taking
crude oil, which is a mixture of hydrocarbons, and separating it into various components
through a series of chemical reactions and distillations. The resulting products include
gasoline, diesel, and lubricating oils, among others. The lubricating oils are then further
processed to remove impurities and add additives that provide specific properties, such
as reducing wear and tear on engine parts..
1. Refining: Crude oil is refined in oil refineries to separate it into various components,
including lubricating oil.
2. Fractional distillation: The lubricating oil is then further processed through fractional
distillation, which separates it into different fractions based on boiling point.
3. Treatment: The lubricating oil fractions are then treated to remove impurities and
unwanted materials.
4. Blending: Different lubricating oil fractions are blended together to create the desired
viscosity and properties for the finished engine oil.
5. Additives: Additives such as anti-wear agents, detergents, and antioxidants are added to
the blended oil to improve its performance and protect the engine.
6. Quality control: The finished engine oil is then tested for quality and compliance with
industry standards before being packaged and distributed for sale.
 LPG
1. Liquified Petroleum Gas (LPG) is made in India through a process called fractional
distillation of crude oil. Crude oil is a mixture of hydrocarbons, which are molecules
made up of hydrogen and carbon atoms. When crude oil is heated and distilled, the
different hydrocarbons in it vaporize and can be separated based on their boiling
points. The hydrocarbons that vaporize at lower temperatures are condensed into a
liquid and collected, and this liquid is LPG.
2. The process of fractional distillation begins with heating crude oil to a high
temperature, typically around 400°C. The hydrocarbons in the oil vaporize and are
drawn off into a distillation column, where they are separated based on their boiling
points. The hydrocarbons that have the lowest boiling points, such as propane and
butane, are condensed into a liquid and collected as LPG.
3. LPG is a clean-burning, versatile fuel that is used for cooking, heating, and powering
vehicles. It is also used as a feedstock for the production of petrochemical products
such as plastics and fertilizers.
4. LPG is primarily produced at refineries, as well as certain natural gas processing
plants and offshore platforms. Some of the major companies that produce LPG in
India include Indian Oil Corporation, Bharat Petroleum Corporation Limited, and
Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Limited.
 NAPTHA
1. Naphtha is a light hydrocarbon liquid that is produced in India through the refining
of crude oil. The process of refining crude oil to produce naphtha typically includes
the following steps:
2. Crude oil is pumped into the refinery and is pre-treated to remove any impurities,
such as water and sediment.

3. The pre-treated crude oil is then heated and sent to a distillation unit, where it is
separated into various fractions based on its boiling point.
4. The fraction that is used to make naphtha is typically a light, low-boiling point
fraction that is rich in hydrocarbons.

5. This fraction is then sent to a catalytic cracking unit, where it is further broken
down into smaller hydrocarbon molecules.
6. The resulting product is further refined to remove impurities and improve its
quality. The refining process may include steps such as dewaxing, de-asphalting,
and hydrocracking.

7. After the refining process, the naphtha is then transported to storage tanks, where
it is blended with other products, such as additives, to meet specific specifications.
8. Naphtha is used as a feedstock for the petrochemical industry and as a blending
component in gasoline.
 LDO
LDO (light diesel oil) is a type of fuel oil that is produced in India through the refining of crude
oil. The process of refining crude oil involves several steps, including pre-treatment, distillation,
catalytic cracking, and refining. The exact process of how LDO is made may vary depending on
the specific refinery and their methods, but generally, crude oil is first heated and then
separated into various fractions through distillation. The fraction that is used to make LDO is
then further refined to remove impurities and improve its quality.
Crude oil is pumped into the refinery and is pre-treated to remove any impurities, such as
water and sediment.
The pre-treated crude oil is then heated and sent to a distillation unit, where it is separated
into various fractions based on its boiling point.
The fraction that is used to make LDO is typically a light, low-boiling point fraction that is rich in
hydrocarbons.
This fraction is then sent to a catalytic cracking unit, where it is further broken down into
smaller hydrocarbon molecules.
The resulting product is further refined to remove impurities and improve its quality. The
refining process may include steps such as dewaxing, de-asphalting, and hydrocracking.
After the refining process, the LDO oil is then transported to storage tanks, where it is blended
with other products, such as additives, to meet specific specifications.
LDO oil is used as fuel for industrial, commercial, and agricultural applications.
 LSHS
LSHS (Low Sulphur Heavy Stock) is a type of heavy fuel oil that has a lower sulfur content than
regular heavy fuel oil. In India, LSHS is typically produced by refineries and is used as a fuel
source in industries such as power generation and shipping. The process for producing LSHS
involves refining crude oil to separate the various components, including heavy fuel oil. The
sulfur content is then reduced through a process called desulfurization. This can be done
through various methods, such as hydrodesulfurization or catalytic cracking. Once the LSHS is
produced, it is then transported and stored for use in various industries.

Hydrotreatment: This is a process where the heavy fuel oil is treated with hydrogen in the
presence of a catalyst. The hydrogen reacts with the sulfur compounds in the oil, reducing
their content.
Hydrocracking: This process involves using hydrogen and a catalyst to break down heavy,
complex molecules in the heavy fuel oil into simpler, more valuable ones. This also causes
the sulfur compounds to be broken down and removed.
Catalytic cracking: This process involves using a catalyst to crack the heavy fuel oil into
smaller molecules. This also causes the sulfur compounds to be broken down and
removed.
 EDIBLE OIL
Edible oils are made in India through a process called oil extraction. This process involves
extracting oil from seeds, nuts, or other oil-bearing materials. The most common method of oil
extraction in India is through the use of expellers, which are machines that crush the oil-bearing
material and extract the oil through mechanical pressure.

The most common types of oil seeds and nuts used to make edible oil in India include mustard,
soybean, groundnut (peanut), sunflower, sesame, and cottonseed. These seeds and nuts are first
cleaned, then roasted or parched (heated lightly) to remove moisture and make them easier to
extract oil from. Then they are crushed and pressed in expellers to extract the oil. The oil is then
refined, sometimes blended with other oils, and packaged for sale.

Another method for extraction is solvent extraction, it involves dissolving the oil from the oil-
bearing material using a solvent such as hexane. The solvent is then evaporated, leaving behind
the oil. This method is generally used when the oil-bearing material is difficult to press or when
a higher yield of oil is desired.

India is one of the largest producers and consumers of edible oils in the world. It produces a
variety of oils including mustard, soybean, groundnut, sunflower, sesame, and cottonseed oil.
These oils are used for cooking, as well as for industrial and commercial purposes.
 BITUMEN
Bitumen is a type of hydrocarbon that is typically found in natural deposits such as oil sands and
asphalt. It is made up of a mixture of various organic compounds, including polycyclic aromatic
hydrocarbons (PAHs), asphaltenes, and maltenes. The composition of bitumen can vary
depending on the source and the refining process used. It is primarily used in road construction
and as a sealant for roofs and pipes.

Distillation: Bitumen can be separated from crude oil through a process of distillation, in which
the oil is heated and the different components are separated based on their boiling points.

Solvent Extraction: This process is used to extract bitumen from oil sands, it involves the use of
solvents, such as naptha, to separate the bitumen from the sand and clay.

Oxidation: In this process, air is blown through the bitumen to increase the viscosity and
improve its handling properties.

Blowing: In this process, air is introduced into the bitumen under high pressure and
temperature, to change the physical properties of bitumen.

Emulsion: Bitumen emulsion is a liquid form of bitumen that is made by blending bitumen and
water together with the help of an emulsifying agent.
 Transformer oil
1. Transformer oil, also known as insulating oil, is used in transformers and other
electrical equipment to insulate, cool, and provide a barrier against electrical arcing. In
India, the process for producing transformer oil typically involves the following steps:
2. Refining: Crude oil is refined to produce the base oil, which is then further processed to
create transformer oil.
3. Filtering: The base oil is filtered to remove impurities and ensure that it meets the
required specifications for transformer oil.
4. Treating: The filtered oil is treated with various chemicals to improve its electrical
insulating properties.
5. Testing: The transformer oil is tested to ensure that it meets the required specifications
and standards.
6. Packing: The transformer oil is then packaged in drums or other containers for
transport and distribution to customers.
7. It's worth noting that not all transformer oils are created equal, and some of the best
transformer oils are manufactured by speciality companies, who also provide
additional services such as testing, servicing and maintenance of transformers.
 Solar energy
Solar energy in India is harnessed through the use of solar panels, also known as photovoltaic
(PV) cells. These PV cells convert sunlight into direct current (DC) electricity, which is then
converted into alternating current (AC) electricity using an inverter. This AC electricity can then
be used to power homes, businesses, and other facilities.
The Indian government has set a target of achieving 175 GW of renewable energy capacity by
2022, out of which 100 GW is to come from solar energy.
There are mainly two types of solar power systems in India:
Grid-connected solar power systems: These systems are connected to the electrical grid and
excess power generated by the solar panels can be fed back into the grid.
Off-grid solar power systems: These systems are not connected to the grid and rely on battery
storage to provide power during periods of low sunlight or at night.
In order to promote the development and adoption of solar energy, the government of India has
implemented various policies and schemes such as the Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission
(JNNSM), which aims to promote the development and use of solar energy in the country.
Additionally, it also provides subsidies, tax incentives and other benefits to companies and
individuals who install solar power systems.
India has also a huge potential in solar thermal energy, which is used to generate electricity by
heating a fluid to create steam that drives a turbine. This technology is mainly used in large-scale
power plants, and it's widely used in the country to generate electricity from solar energy.
 EXPERT
1. Start by gaining a solid understanding of the industry, including the various types of
petroleum products and their uses, as well as the logistics and supply chain processes
involved in distribution.

2. Consider pursuing a degree in a relevant field such as business, logistics, or engineering.

3. Gain practical experience through internships or entry-level positions in the industry. Look
for opportunities to work in different areas of the business, such as operations, sales, or
logistics.

4. Network with professionals in the industry and seek out mentorship opportunities. Joining
industry associations or attending conferences can also be a great way to connect with
others in the field.

5. Stay current with industry trends and developments by reading trade publications and
attending industry events.

6. Develop a strong set of business and leadership skills, as success in the field often requires
strong decision-making and management abilities.

7. Consider earning a relevant certification such as the Certified Oil Market Professional (OMP)
from the International Association of Energy Economics.
 LICENCE
In India, there are three main types of licenses for the petroleum industry: Class A, Class B, and Class C.

Class A license is for the exploration and production of petroleum and natural gas. Companies applying
for a Class A license must submit a detailed exploration plan, including a proposed budget and timeline,
to the government for approval. Once a Class A license is granted, the company is authorized to carry
out exploration and production activities in the designated area.

Class B license is for the refining of petroleum products. This license allows the holder to establish and
operate refineries to process crude oil and natural gas into various products like gasoline, diesel, and
LPG.

Class C license is for the marketing of petroleum products. This license allows the holder to engage in
the retail and wholesale distribution of petroleum products.

To obtain a license, companies must submit an application to the Ministry of Petroleum and Natural
Gas, along with any required documents, such as financial statements, technical expertise and other
certifications, as per the guidelines of government. The government will then review the application and
make a decision on whether to grant the license.
It's also important to note that in order to obtain a license, the company must comply with all the
regulations, laws and policies of the government and industry.
 REFINERY
Distillation: This is the first step in the refining process, where crude oil is heated and then separated into
different fractions based on their boiling points.

Catalytic cracking: This process uses a catalyst to break down large hydrocarbon molecules into smaller
ones, increasing the yield of gasoline and other lighter products.

Hydro cracking: This process uses high pressure and high temperature to convert heavy, high-sulfur
feedstock's into lighter, low-sulfur products.

Desulfurization: This process removes sulfur from gasoline and diesel fuel to meet environmental
regulations.

Coking: This process converts heavy, high-sulfur residual oil into high-value products like petrochemicals
and coke.

Lube oil manufacturing: This process converts various feedstock's into lubricating oils which are used in
automobiles, industrial machinery and other applications

Treating crude oil: This process includes desalting and stabilization to remove impurities and improve the
quality of crude oil.

Sulfur recovery: This process removes sulfur from the refinery's waste streams and converts it into
saleable products, such as sulfuric acid.
Decarbonization refers to the process of reducing or eliminating carbon emissions from
various sectors of the economy, such as electricity generation, transportation, and industry.
This is typically done through a combination of policies and technologies that promote the
use of low-carbon or zero-emissions energy sources, such as renewable energy and nuclear
power, and the implementation of energy efficiency measures. Decarbonization is seen as a
key strategy for addressing climate change, as it aims to reduce the amount of greenhouse
gases that are released into the atmosphere. It is a complex process that includes multiple
stakeholder, economic, social and political challenges. However, it is gaining momentum as
countries and companies are setting ambitious emission reduction targets, and investing in
clean energy and energy efficiency technologies.
Renewable energy refers to energy sources that are replenished naturally and can be used
indefinitely. These sources include solar, wind, hydropower, geothermal, and biomass
energy. Renewable energy has a number of benefits, including reducing dependence on
fossil fuels, reducing greenhouse gas emissions, and creating jobs in the clean energy
sector.

Solar energy is harnessed through the use of solar panels, which convert the sun's rays into
electricity. Wind energy is generated through the use of wind turbines, which convert the
kinetic energy of the wind into electricity. Hydropower is generated through the use of
dams and other systems that harness the energy of falling water. Geothermal energy is
generated through the use of heat from the Earth, and biomass energy is generated
through the use of organic matter such as plant material and waste.

Renewable energy is becoming increasingly cost-competitive with fossil fuels and is

expected to play a growing role in meeting global energy demand. Many countries and
companies are setting ambitious renewable energy targets and investing in clean energy
technologies. However, it is also true that the implementation of renewable energy sources
is complex, and it still requires a lot of work and investment to make them a reliable and
sustainable energy source.
 Petrol pump
1. The process to open a petrol pump in Gujarat, India, typically involves the following
steps:
2. Meet the eligibility criteria set by the oil marketing company, such as age, educational
qualifications, and financial requirements.
3. Fill out and submit an application to the oil marketing company for a retail dealership.
This can typically be done online.
4. Participate in the selection process, which may include an interview and a lottery
system, if applicable.
5. Once selected, sign the dealership agreement and pay the required security deposit.
6. Acquire the land, obtain necessary permissions and licenses, and construct the petrol
pump infrastructure, including the fuel storage tanks, dispensing units, and other
equipment.
7. Once the infrastructure is ready, pass the inspection conducted by the oil marketing
company and obtain the necessary licenses and permits from the local authorities.
8. Start purchasing and selling fuel.
9. comply with all the legal and regulatory requirements of state and central government
10. It's important to note that the process may vary slightly depending on the specific oil
marketing company and the state regulations. It's always better to consult with the oil
marketing company for more details about the process and the requirements.
 Fuel oil
1. Fuel oil, also known as heavy oil or residual oil, is a byproduct of the refining process of
crude oil. In India, fuel oil is primarily used in industrial applications and in power
generation. The refining process for fuel oil involves distillation to separate it from
other refined products such as gasoline and diesel. The fuel oil is then further
processed to remove impurities and to improve its burning properties. It is then stored
and transported to be used as fuel in various industries and power plants.
2. Fuel oil is made up of a mixture of hydrocarbons, which are compounds made up of
hydrogen and carbon atoms. The exact composition of fuel oil can vary depending on
the source of the crude oil and the refining process used. Generally, fuel oil is
composed of a mixture of heavy hydrocarbons such as paraffins, naphthenes, and
aromatics. It also contains small amounts of sulfur, nitrogen, and oxygen compounds.
The higher the boiling point of the hydrocarbon, the heavier it is, thus the name heavy
oil or residual oil.
3. Fuel oil is also used in the manufacturing of Bitumen in India. Bitumen is a heavy,
viscous form of crude oil that is used for road construction and waterproofing.
 Paraffin oil
.
Paraffin oil, also known as mineral oil, is a byproduct of the refining of crude oil. In India, paraffin oil
is mainly used as a lubricant in a variety of industrial applications, as well as in cosmetics and
personal care products. It is also used as a fuel for lamps and heating
1.Distillation: The first step in refining crude oil is to heat it to a high temperature, causing it to vaporize.
The vaporized oil is then directed into a distillation column, where it is cooled and condensed back into
a liquid. The resulting liquid is separated into different fractions, such as gasoline, diesel, and fuel oil.
2.Cracking: The heavy hydrocarbons that are not used in gasoline or diesel are further processed through
a process called cracking. This process uses heat and catalysts to break down the heavy hydrocarbons
into lighter fractions.
3.Treating: The remaining heavy hydrocarbons are then treated to remove impurities and to improve
their burning properties. Treating process include Hydrotreatment, Coking, and visbreaking.
4.Fractionating: The treated heavy hydrocarbons are then fractionated into different boiling point ranges,
which includes paraffin oil.
The resulting paraffin oil is a colorless, odorless, and tasteless liquid that is used in a variety of industrial
and consumer applications. It is generally stored in tanks and transported through pipelines or tankers to
its final destination.
 LPG PETROLEUM GAS
Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) is a versatile fuel that can be used for a variety of
applications, including heating, cooking, transportation, and power generation. In
households, it is commonly used as a cooking fuel and for heating water and space. In the
transportation sector, LPG is used as an alternative fuel for vehicles and as a marine fuel. In
the industrial sector, LPG is used as a fuel for forklifts and other industrial equipment, and in
power generation, it is used as a fuel for generator sets. Additionally, LPG is used in the
petrochemical industry as a feedstock for the production of chemicals such as propylene and
butadiene.

Liquified Petroleum Gas (LPG) is a mixture of hydrocarbon gases that is primarily composed
of propane and butane. It is typically produced as a byproduct of natural gas processing and
crude oil refining. The process of producing LPG involves separating and purifying the
propane and butane from the other gases and liquids found in natural gas and crude oil. This
is done through a series of distillation and fractionation steps, which use changes in
temperature and pressure to separate the different components. Once the LPG has been
separated, it is cooled and compressed to a liquid form, which makes it easier to transport
and store. It is then typically transported by truck, rail or ship to its end use location, such as
residential, industrial and commercial sectors.
 CNG LNG PNG NATURAL GAS
Compressed natural gas (CNG) is a clean-burning fossil fuel that is primarily used as a transportation fuel
for vehicles. CNG is compressed to a high pressure, typically around 3,000 to 3,600 pounds per square
inch (psi), in order to reduce its volume and make it more economical to transport and store. CNG is used
in a wide range of vehicles, including cars, buses, trucks, and forklifts, as well as in marine and railway
applications. CNG is also used as a fuel for power generation in combined heat and power (CHP) plants,
and it can be used as a feedstock for the production of hydrogen. CNG is also being considered as a
substitute for propane in some industrial applications such as textile and food industry as well as a fuel
for industrial boilers and dryers. Additionally, CNG is being used as a replacement for gasoline and diesel
in the transportation sector. It's a cleaner-burning alternative and helps to reduce the emissions
produced by traditional fossil fuels.

Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is a form of natural gas that has been cooled to a liquid
state, typically at -260°F (-162°C), in order to reduce its volume and make it more
economical to transport and store. LNG is primarily used as a transportation fuel
for vehicles and as a marine fuel.

Piped natural gas (PNG) is natural gas that is transported through pipelines to homes,
businesses, and industries.
One of the main uses of PNG is as a fuel source for heating homes and buildings. PNG can
also be used to power appliances such as ovens, clothes dryers, and water heaters.