Ucsp Q1 W4 PPT

UNDERSTANDING CULTURE, SOCIETY AND
POLITICS
Significance of Cultural, Social, Political

and Economic Symbols and Practices
MOST ESSENTIAL LEARNING
COMPETENCIES
Analyze the significance of

cultural, social, political and
economic symbols and practices
LESSON CONTENT
• HUMAN CULTURAL EVOLUTION
• EARLY CIVILIZATION AND RISE
OF THE STATE
OPEN-CLASS DISCUSSION
When we try to compare then and now, what are
the differences in terms of how people carry out
things physically, culturally and socio-politically?
HUMAN CULTURAL
EVOLUTION
Palaeolithic Period
The term “Palaeolithic” was coined by
archaeologist John Lubbock in 1865.
It is derived the from Greek word, palaios, which
means "old"; and, lithos, "stone", In short, the
Palaeolithic Period, which happened 2.5 million
years ago, is also known as "Old Stone Age".
Palaeolithic Period
Neolithic Period
“Neolithic” also comes from the same
archaeologist and from the Greek word “neo”
which means new and “lithos” meaning stone or in
short, the “New Stone Age” which was happened
for about 10,000 B.C.In this period, the Cro
Magnon disappeared and the new people who are
considered the modern man appeared.
Neolithic Period
The Neolithic Revolution is also called as the First
Agricultural Revolution. During this period, there was a
wide-scale transition of many human cultures from a
lifestyle of hunting and gathering to of agriculture and
settlement kind of society which eventually led to
population increase. People depend on domesticated plants
and animals. They learned to create such crafts as pottery
and weaving. They likewise developed boat as means of
transportation and for fishing as well.
Neolithic Period
Age of Metal
Age of Metals (4000 B.C – 1500 B.C). The used of
metal such as bronze, copper, and iron produced a
new historical development from the cradle
civilization of Egypt, Mesopotamia, Persia
including the India, and China which later spread
throughout Asia.
Age of Metal
EARLY
CIVILIZATION AND
RISE OF THE STATE
Ancient State and Civilization
One of the earliest states and civilizations was found in the
Fertile Crescent which is known as the Mesopotamian
civilization. The word Mesopotamia is a Greek word for “Land
between two rivers” which is often referred to as the cradle of
civilization. It is the region of the Western Asia located between
the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers. It is known as the Fertile
Crescent where the first evidence of agriculture was also found.
Here the first human civilizations were taking the earliest steps
from hunter-gatherer society into settled community.
Another ancient states and civilizations was the Egyptian civilization. It
emerged more than 5,000 years ago along the River Nile in the north-
east of Africa. The Ancient Egyptians lived near the River Nile because
of its fertile land suitable for growing crops and domestication of
animals. Each year, water from the Nile rose and flooded the area. When
the water went back, it left mud that made the fields fertile.
Egyptians called their king a pharaoh. The pharaoh was all- powerful:
He passed laws, He ruled the country, He owned most of the land, and
He controlled trade and led the armies. Egyptians believed that the
pharaohs were gods.
Modern State and Civilization
In the European continent, several states and civilization grew
tremendously over centuries. In England, around 1500s, most
of the people lived in small villages. They paid tithes to their
feudal landlords. Henry VII won the War of the Roses in
England, which led into what is known as the Tudor dynasty,
and begun the development of the English nation-state.
In Spain in the year 1492, Spanish monarchs Ferdinand and
Isabella took Spain back from the Muslim. It became the era
of Spain as a global power.
Modern State and Civilization
In France, Louis XIV of France created an absolute monarchy. France
became the dominant power in Europe. When The French Revolution
broke out, it created the modern French nation-state, which sparked
nationalism around Europe.
In 1914, when various nation-states started to claim their power and
superiority over all the nations in the world, the World War I
begununtil1918. In 1919, Treaty of Versailles ended the World War I. It
divided several multinational empires that led to the creation of several
new nation-states.
In 1939, the World War II started until 1945. The end of World War II
led to the formation of United Nations in 1945.
The State of the People:
Democratic State
In the recent decade after the two World Wars, people are becoming more active
in their government and state affairs, in which people become the source of
political power and government rules. This evolution in the government is known
as the process of democratization, or simply democracy – the rule of the people.
Democratization is the transition to a more democratic political regime, including
substantive political changes moving in a democratic direction. It may be the
transition from an authoritarian regime to a full democracy, a transition from an
authoritarian political system to a semi-democracy or transition from a
semiauthoritarian political system to a democratic political system. What is a
democracy? Moreover, a democracy is a form of government where the citizens
of the nation have the power to vote.
Types of Democracy
There are several different types of democracies;
(1) Representative democracy is a system where
citizens choose government representatives among
their citizens,
(2) Direct democracy is when the citizens form a
governing body and vote directly on issues,
(3) Constitutional democracy limits the powers of
government through the nation’s constitution.
OPEN-CLASS DISCUSSION
As a human, how do you progress? Site some
example of the things that you can’t do 5 years
ago and the things that you can do today?

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UNDERSTANDING CULTURE, SOCIETY AND

Significance of Cultural, Social, Political

Analyze the significance of

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