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    Oral Rehydration Solution

    Uploaded by

    Alka
    Oral rehydration solution (ORS) is used to treat dehydration from diarrhea or vomiting. It is made of a powder containing sodium chloride, potassium chloride, sodium citrate, and glucose that is dissolved in water. When taken orally, ORS helps replace lost electrolytes and fluids. It works by using glucose to help absorption of sodium in the intestines. The ingredients and low osmolarity formulation allow ORS to be an effective treatment for dehydration from diarrhea and vomiting.

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    Oral Rehydration Solution

    Uploaded by

    Alka
    124 views22 pages
    Oral rehydration solution (ORS) is used to treat dehydration from diarrhea or vomiting. It is made of a powder containing sodium chloride, potassium chloride, sodium citrate, and glucose that is dissolved in water. When taken orally, ORS helps replace lost electrolytes and fluids. It works by using glucose to help absorption of sodium in the intestines. The ingredients and low osmolarity formulation allow ORS to be an effective treatment for dehydration from diarrhea and vomiting.

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    Ors

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    Oral rehydration solution (ORS) is used to treat dehydration from diarrhea or vomiting. It is made of a powder containing sodium chloride, potassium chloride, sodium citrate, and glucose that is dissolved in water. When taken orally, ORS helps replace lost electrolytes and fluids. It works by using glucose to help absorption of sodium in the intestines. The ingredients and low osmolarity formulation allow ORS to be an effective treatment for dehydration from diarrhea and vomiting.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    124 views22 pages

    Oral Rehydration Solution

    Uploaded by

    Alka
    Oral rehydration solution (ORS) is used to treat dehydration from diarrhea or vomiting. It is made of a powder containing sodium chloride, potassium chloride, sodium citrate, and glucose that is dissolved in water. When taken orally, ORS helps replace lost electrolytes and fluids. It works by using glucose to help absorption of sodium in the intestines. The ingredients and low osmolarity formulation allow ORS to be an effective treatment for dehydration from diarrhea and vomiting.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 22

    ORAL REHYDRATION SOLUTION

    ORS

     Oral rehydration therapy: a fluid replacement therapy used to treat dehydration and
    fluid loss occurring from diarrhea/vomiting.
     Compound powder – more than one ingredients
    WHAT’S A POWDER?

     Solid dosage form of medicament in which the drug or drugs are dispensed in a finely
    divided state.

     Powders can be for :


     Internal use
     External use
    POWDER FOR INTERNAL USE:

     Simple Powder:
    Eg. Hyoscine Powder for motion sickness
     Compound Powder:
    Eg. Oral Rehydration Powder
     Effervescent Powder
    Eg. Eno powder
    POWDER FOR EXTERNAL USE:

     Also called as Dusting Powders


     For external application on skin for antiseptic, astringent and anti-perspirant
    properties
    COMPOSITION OF ORS
    COMPOSITION OF ORS

     Sodium chloride- 2.6g


     Potassium chloride- 1.5g
     Sodium citrate- 2.9g
     Glucose- 13.5g
    Total -20.5
     Osmolarity: 245mEq/L – low osmolarity
     Earlier 311mEq/L - periorbital edema
    HOW TO USE?

     Powder is Dissolved in 1 liter of preboiled and cooled water.


     It should be discarded after 24 hours if left.
    FUNCTION OF ALL INGREDIENTS

     Sodium chloride:
     Most important electrolytes which are lost during diarrhea
     Sodium constitutes extracellular compartment
     Potassium chloride:
     Potassium being an important ion which constitutes most of intracellular
    compartment
     Lack of potassium in the body can lead to various cardiovascular irregularities and
    hence death.
    FUNCTION OF ALL INGREDIENTS

    Sodium citrate:
     Acts as alkalizer and maintains pH of body fluids. Its given to correct
    acidosis associated with diarrhea.
     Improves shelf life
     Old ORS formula had sodium bicarbonate as alkalizer but is now
    replaced by sodium citrate because-
     Sodium bicarbonate is stable only in solid state and is unstable in
    solution form. So, on keeping ORP in solution form after
    reconstitution, it decomposes quickly to form sodium carbonate and a
    brown colored solution is developed due to formation of furfural
    compound with glucose.
    FUNCTION OF ALL INGREDIENTS

     Glucose:
     Sodium chloride is absorbed from the small intestine by facilitated diffusion along with
    glucose so, adding glucose facilitated absorption of sodium ions.
     Glucose also provides energy
     Water- vehicle and replace fluid loss
    HOMEMADE ORS

     If commercial ORS is not available than it can be made by mixing the following:
     Common salt (Sodium chloride)- ½ tsp
     Baking soda (Sodium bicarbonate)- 1 pinch
     Lemon juice (Potassium chloride)- ½ or 1
     Sugar (6 tsp full)
     Boiled & cooled water – 1 liter
     Other than this rice water, dal water, coconut water can also be used
     
    INDICATION OF ORS

     Dehydration- diarrhea and vomiting


     Burn
     Heat stroke
    DEHYDRATION
    PRECAUTION

     Can precipitate CHF, edema, Hypertension


    STORAGE

     Store in cool and dry place away from moisture


     Caking and browning of powder if not stored properly – furfural compound formation
    ORS

     Super ORS – amino acid alanine and glycine added


     Super super ORS- zinc added
     Zinc – 20mg/day child or 40mg/day adults for 14 days reduce severity, duration,
    recurrence of diarrhea
    Thank you

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