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 CONTENTS
 Introduction

 BOP and its uses

 Mud cross and its uses

 Adapters and its uses

 Kill and choke lines and their uses

 Kill and choke valves and their uses

 Choke manifold and its uses

 Poor Boy Degasser and its uses

 Vacuum Degasser and its uses

 Accumulator unit and its uses

and is not complete until the well is put on production and all

drilling operations cease

 Well-control means methods used to minimize the potential for the well to flow
or kick and to maintain control of the well in the event of flow or a kick.

 Surface well control equipment includes, Bop, Mud cross, Adapters, Kill and
choke lines, Valves, Choke manifold, Degassers and Accumulator unit.
 BOP AND ITS USES
 Blowout preventer equipment
should be designed to:
- Close the top of the hole.
- Control the release of fluids.
- Permit pumping into the
hole.
 Basic types of B.O.P on the
rig are
- Diverters
- Annular B.O.P
- Ram B.O.P
 BOP AND ITS USES
DIVERTERS
 It is utilized to divert the kick
from the rig and it can be used
when the conductor pipe is set.
 The diverter is installed on top of
the wellhead to enable flow from
shallow formations to be diverted
away from the work area in case
of a shallow gas kick.
 ANNULAR PREVENTER
 It is installed at the top of
the B.O.P stack and has the
capability of closing on
anything in the bore.
 When closed, they seal off
the space in the B.O.P in
order to isolate the well
from pressure in the riser
and to contain pressure
inside the well,
 RAM TYPE PREVENTER
 Ram preventer is designed to seal off the
wellbore when pipe/tubing is in the well
 The five main types of rams are blind
rams, pipe rams, variable bore rams,
shearing blind rams, and casing shear
rams
 Pipe ram is made of metal and elastomer,
when activated, the two sides of the pipe
ram slide and seals the drill pipe sealing
off the annular space around it
 RAM PREVENTER
 Blind Ram is used to seal the wellbore when there is nothing in
it, i.e open hole
 Variable Bore Rams (VBR) is used to seal around a particular
range of pipe sizes
 Blind Shear Ram or Shearing Blind Ram consist of 2 metal
blocks with blade on the inside edges which both seal off the
annulus and in case of emergency, the blades can shear
through drill pipes. The pipe is sheared then the well is sealed.
 Casing Shear Ram is designed to cut large diameter tubulars
that are incapable of being sheared by blind shear rams.
 MUD CROSS AND ITS USES
 Equipment used with
Blowout Preventers to space
pieces of equipment apart.
 It is fitted with outlets to
attach lines extending to
Choke and Kill Manifolds.
 Also referred to as a ‘Drilling
Spool’.
 ADAPTER
 A device for
connecting pieces of
equipment that cannot
be connected directly.
 Double Studded
Adaptor (DSA), or a
Single Studded Adaptor
(SSA).
 CHOKE LINES AND KILL LINES
 These are high pressure flexible hoses
with metal wrapping for strength.
 Wellbore fluids leave the annulus
through the side outlet below the BOP
rams or the drilling spool outlets and
pass into a high pressure line known
as the choke line. The choke line
carries the mud and influx from the
BOP stack to the choke manifold.
 The kill line is a high pressure
pipeline opposite the choke line outlet,
on the BOP stack and the mud pumps
and provides a means of pumping
fluids downhole when the normal
method of circulating down the
drillstring is not possible.
 CHOKE AND KILL VALVE
 The choke lines and kill lines contain valves

 Choke and Kill valves are used to restrict and regulate the flow of well fluids to
maintain a desired pressure and flow rate.

 There are two valves on the choke line; Manual Valve and Hydraulic Valve

 On the kill line there are two valves also, Manual valve and non return valve.
 CHOKE MANIFOLD
 It consist of a set
of high pressure
valves
 Choke can be
manually or
automatically
controlled
 POOR BOY DEGASSER
 Mud Gas Separator is
commonly called a gas-buster
or poor boy degasser. It
captures and separates large
volume of free gas within the
drilling fluid.
 If there is a “KICK” situation,
this vessel separates the mud
and the gas by allowing it to
flow over baffle plates. The gas
then is forced to flow through
a line and vent it to a flare.
 The name poor boy is because
it isn’t as high tech as the
Vacuum Degasser. It can be
made up during operation.
 VACUUM TANK DEGASSER
 A vacuum action is created to pull
in the gas cut mud. When the
liquid enters the tank it will flow
and be distributed to a layer of
internal baffle plates designed for
the mud to flow in thin laminar
film and is exposed to a vacuum
that forces the gas to escape and
break out of the mud. The
vacuum pump moves the escaping
gas from the vessel discharging it
to the rig's flare or environmental
control system.
 ACCUMULATOR UNIT
 Also known as “KOOMEY UNIT”
 It used to hydraulically operate Rams BOP, Annular BOP and other hydraulic equipment.
 It consist of several high pressure cylinders that store gas and hydraulic fluid or water under
pressure for hydraulic activated systems.
 Primary purpose of this unit is to supply hydraulic power to the BOP stack in order to open or close
the stack for both normal operations and emergency situation.
 Accumulator pressure of +/- 3000 psi must be maintained at all time.
 Hydraulic under pressure of 3,000 psi in bottles passes a pressure regulator (in the figure is a
regulator “B”) in order to reduce pressure from 3,000 to 1,500 psi for operating rams preventers
and HCR valves.
 Hydraulic under pressure of 3,000 psi in bottles passes a pressure regulator (in the figure is a
regulator “A”) in order to regulate pressure from 3,000 to 500-1500 psi for operating annular
preventer. Pressure used to operate the annular preventer must be less than pressure used to
operate rams preventer because high pressure will damage a rubber seal inside of the annular
preventer.
ACCUMULATOR UNIT
THANK
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