Large Wind Turbine Generation

in Thailand

PINIJ SIRIPUEKPONG
ALTERNATIVE ENERGY DEVELOPMENT DIVISION
EGAT PUBLIC COMPANY LIMITED

March 2006
Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
 Introduction
The mean wind speed is varies from 2.5 m/s Wind speed and direction

in the Northern part up to 4.0 m/s in the in Thailand

Southern part of Thailand.

Some specific sites of Phuket Island
have been measured and evaluated by NE- MONSOON
November-April

EGAT , the result show that the

monthly wind speed is varies from SW-May-October
MONSOON

4.0 to 6.1 m/s Phuket Island

Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand

 Monthly mean wind speed (m/s) at 36 m. above ground
Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Avg.
1994 4.5 4.5 4.7 3.5 6.9 6.1 6.4 5.5 6.0 3.4 3.5 4.4 5.0
1995 5.4 4.9 4.4 3.9 4.3 5.3 4.1 6.1 6.8 4.1 4.9 4.8 4.9
1996 5.0 6.2 4.5 4.0 4.2 3.5 5.8 6.2 7.6 4.3 5.0 4.9 5.1
1997 5.2 4.2 4.4 3.7 5.8 NA 2.1 7.3 4.0 3.3 4.6 4.9 4.5
1998 5.1 NA NA NA NA 6.5 4.7 5.8 5.9 6.0 5.1 4.6 5.5
1999 3.8 5.2 4.5 6.3 4.3 9.8 7.6 2.3 NA 3.9 4.8 4.9 5.2
2000 4.6 NA NA 3.7 3.6 NA NA NA NA 7.0 4.2 3.3 4.4
2001 4.8 4.7 4.2 3.2 3.9 8.0 6.2 7.8 5.5 4.5 4.3 4.1 5.1
2002 4.4 5.5 4.6 3.8 4.5 4.3 5.0 5.2 6.2 4.2 3.2 4.5 4.6
2003 4.9 5.0 5.0 4.2 6.0 4.0 5.7 6.0 6.8 5.5 4.0 4.7 5.2
Avg. 4.8 5.0 4.5 4.0
Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand 4.8 5.9 5.3 5.8 6.1 4.6 4.4 4.5 4.9
 Backgrounds
Wind Power Generation Technology has
been introduced in Thailand since 1983.
This is mainly attributed to field test works
by Electricity Generating Authority of
Thailand (EGAT). There are several
institutions that concerning in the field
of assessment wind energy, developing
performance testing and monitoring of
wind turbine for generating electricity.

Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand

 Backgrounds
Two of 10 kW are utilized for battery charging station in the year 1993.
The 150 kW WTG was connected to the local distribution grid of PEA
in the year 1996.The 150 kW
WTG was successfully
demonstrated at Promthep
Alternative Energy Station,
Phuket Island with annually
generates 200,000 kWh to
the distribution grid.

Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand

 The annual energy supply to the distribution grid
TABLE 1. Energy Production form WTG 150kW.(1996-2005) Phomthep, Phuket Province
Year
Month
1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005
Jan 0 19,195 18,911 8,454 0 10,002 32,946 20,148 35,136 21,858
Feb 0 10,147 14,620 16,464 6,504 **234 18,942 18,012 15,036 9,974
Mar 0 6,653 13,176 14,724 4,242 12,330 11,376 12,594 15,762 18,804
Apr 0 5,202 12,080 26,076 1,284 10,608 5,628 4,704 6,522 6,546
May 0 22,814 4,090 4,656 **0 26,556 15,792 21,636 21,300 -
Jun 0 13,371 23,506 7,728 48,942 30,426 8,820 3,636 34,818 -
Jul *29010 12,119 19,107 46,020 23,106 24,162 21,126 11,826 20,190 -
Aug 14,034 35,976 8,944 33,828 21,846 50,184 28,914 26,172 ***6708 -
Sep 38,634 11,965 18,354 15,618 12,708 **4602 4,854 36,780 ***1566 -
Oct 14,243 5,980 29,868 21,804 37,842 13,626 **48 15,366 10,740 -
Nov 15,109 11,145 16,972 11,130 7,284 20,040 **2934 4,314 10,722 -
Dec 11,483 16,974 13,817 **996 6,342 13,626 6,288 17,718 15,330 -
Total 93,503 171,541 193,445 206,502 170,100 211,560 157,668 192,906 193,830 57,182
Remark * Installed/Start in July1996              
Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
  ** System errors / Maintenance *** Transformer Failure          
 Wind Turbine Generator Components & Specification
Type : NTK 150/25

Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand

Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
 150 kW WTG Transportation to Phuket

Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand

 Foundation & Tower

Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand

 Generator & Blades Installation

Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand

 Gear, Break and Generator

Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand

 Metering & Control System

Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand

 Wind Turbine Generation
150 kW
1996

Location of Promthep Alternative Energy Station, Phuket Island

Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand

 The Economy of 150 kW WTG
1. Total Investment Cost 13,100,000 Baht.
2. Electrical Energy generated 197,000 kWh/year
3. O&M 260,000 Baht/year
4. Cost of generation (Discount rate 9.5%)
-: Without subsidy 9.45 Baht/kWh
5. FIRR 14.00 %

Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand

 EGAT plan to install large wind turbine generation
with capacity 750 kWx3 in 2008.
Objective of the WTG Project
1. To get The RPS’s credits
2. To develop and educate Thai working group on wind energy
technology
3. To study for expansion large wind turbine generation in
Thailand.
4. To follow the national economic and social development plan.
Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
This site is good for large wind turbine generation.
There have the accessible road for huge mobile crane
and 33 kV distribution line of Provincial Electricity
Authority (PEA) exists for grid connection.

Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand

 10 kW WTG

10 kW WTG

Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand

 The Economy of 750 kW WTG Project
1. Total Investment Cost 42,843,000 Baht./set
2. Electrical Energy generated 985,000 kWh/year
3. O&M 850,000 Baht/year
4. Cost of generation (Discount rate 9.5%)
-: Without subsidy 6.18 Baht/kWh
5. FIRR 14.00 %

Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand

Future Installation
of 3x750 kW
WTG.

Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand

 NRE Targets Electricity
Existing 560 MW

Electricity
INCENTIVE
Solar 250 MW
Wind 100 MW
Electricity MSW 100 MW
Solar 6 MW RPS Hydro 350 MW
Wind 0.2 MW Biomass 1,040 MW
Biomass 560 MW

Heat NRE NRE Heat

(Incentive)
~ 0.00 KTOE 0.5% 8% 3,910 KTOE

Bio fuel Bio Fuel (Incentive)

~ 0.00 KTOE R&D 1,570 KTOE
Ethanol 3.0 M liter/day
Biodiesel 2.4 M liter/day

2545 (2002) 2554 (2011)

Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
 PDP2004
• 280 MW in 2008-2011
RPS • 490 MW in 2012-2015 TOTAL = 770 MW
3000 50000

2800
2800

2800

2800

47332.6
41852.6
New Installed - Fossil

39647.6
45000
RPS

44392.6
37442.6
2500 Incentive + อื่ นๆ

34577.6
40000

33702.6
Installed Capacity
1

31382.6

Total Installed Capacity (MW)

35000

28582.6
2000

2100

2100
27045.7
New Installed (MW)

26352.2

26372.4

30000
25363

1373.3

1400
1500 25000

1057
20000

1
1000
15000
673.3

700
10000
462

500

5000

140
140

140
105

105
20.2

70
235

235
2

0 0
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Year

Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand

 Potential & Energy Cost of RE
Applicability to Thailand
(Potential)
Biomass
High Known
Potential

Exploit with R&D

Solar
Potential
Medium
Known

Biogas Pilot Projects: Goal = Proven Models

MSW

Wind
Low Known
Potential

R&D
Small Hydro Goal = Higher Potential or Lower Cost
Unknown
Potential

Geothermal

Tidal Wave

0.00 3.00 6.00 9.00 14.00

Generation Cost (บาทต่อหน่วย)

Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand

ทีม
่ า : พ.พ./ DEDE
 RPS 140 MW (EGAT Tentative)

• Mini-hydro 76.70 MW
• Biomass 27.00 MW
• MSW 21.00 MW
• Solar 10.05 MW
• Wind 5.25 MW

Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand

ทีม
่ า : แผน RPS ของ กฟผ.
Estimated Capacity of Renewable Energy Power Plant
from RPS 5%
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Total

Hydro 22.70 48.00 6.00 17.00 11.00 9.00 7.00 5.00 125.70

Biomass 9.00 4.00 14.00 90.00 60.00 60.00 94.00 90.00 421.00

MSW 0.00 18.00 3.00 20.00 18.00 16.00 11.00 9.00 95.00

Wind 2.25 0.00 3.00 6.00 9.00 12.00 16.00 20.00 68.25

Solar 1.05 0.00 9.00 7.00 7.00 8.00 12.00 16.00 60.05

Capacity
35.00 70.00 35.00 140.00 105.00 105.00 140.00 140.00 770
(MW)

Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand

ทีม
่ า : ประเมินจากแผน PDP 2004
 Conclusion
• Total Investment Cost
WTG = 1.20-1.50 US$/Watt

• Annual Electrical Energy Generated

WTG = 1,400 kWh/kW/yr

• Cost of Generation (without grant)

WTG = 6.0-7.0 Baht/kWh

Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand